adolescent's mental health-iku
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PSYCHIATRICPSYCHIATRIC
DISORDERSDISORDERS
inin
ADOLESCENTSADOLESCENTSDr Ramli Mohd AliDr Ramli Mohd AliPsychiatristPsychiatrist
PBKKR Hosp Permai JBPBKKR Hosp Permai JB
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Some of theSome of thedisorders..disorders..-- AnxietyAnxiety
- Depression- Depression
- Dei!er"te sef-h"rm- Dei!er"te sef-h"rm
- S#i$ide- S#i$ide
- S#!st"n$e A!#se- S#!st"n$e A!#se- S$hi%ophreni"- S$hi%ophreni"
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Anxiety DisordersAnxiety Disorders
&' Sep"r"tion Anxiety&' Sep"r"tion Anxiety
(' So$i" Pho!i"s(' So$i" Pho!i"s
)' *ener"ised Anxiety)' *ener"ised AnxietyDisorder - *ADDisorder - *AD
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Sep"r"tion "nxietySep"r"tion "nxiety
C"rdin" fe"t#resC"rdin" fe"t#res - ex$essi+e "nxiety en,endered !y- ex$essi+e "nxiety en,endered !y sep"r"tionsep"r"tion
- "t e"st /( d#r"tion- "t e"st /( d#r"tion - si,ni0$"nt distressf# imp"irment in- si,ni0$"nt distressf# imp"irment in 1 so$i"1 so$i" 1 "$"demi$1 "$"demi$ 1 or"nd o$$#p"tion" f#n$tionin,1 or"nd o$$#p"tion" f#n$tionin,
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Anxiety DisorderAnxiety Disorder
Exhi!it ex$essi+e distress orExhi!it ex$essi+e distress or
persistent 2orry "!o#tpersistent 2orry "!o#t
- osin, " p"rent or o+ed one- osin, " p"rent or o+ed one - possi!e h"rm !ef"in, " o+ed- possi!e h"rm !ef"in, " o+ed
oneone
S#3er ni,htm"resS#3er ni,htm"res- 2ith themes of sep"r"tion- 2ith themes of sep"r"tion
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Anxiety DisorderAnxiety Disorder
4#tipe som"ti$ $omp"ins4#tipe som"ti$ $omp"ins
- he"d"$hes- he"d"$hes
- stom"$h "$he- stom"$h "$he - n"#se"- n"#se"
S$hoo ref#s"S$hoo ref#s"
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So$i" Pho!i"So$i" Pho!i"
Ch"r"$terised !yCh"r"$terised !y
- m"r5ed 6 persistent fe"r of so$i"- m"r5ed 6 persistent fe"r of so$i"
or perform"n$e sit#"tionor perform"n$e sit#"tion
- in 2hi$h indi+id#" is exposed to- in 2hi$h indi+id#" is exposed to
#nf"mii"r peope or possi!e#nf"mii"r peope or possi!e
s$r#tinys$r#tiny
- fre7#enty foo2s " tr"#m"ti$ e+ent- fre7#enty foo2s " tr"#m"ti$ e+ent
- typi$"y o$$#rs in mid-teens- typi$"y o$$#rs in mid-teens
- fh of "nxiety disorders- fh of "nxiety disorders
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*ener"ised Anxiety*ener"ised Anxiety
DisordersDisordersCh"r"$terised !yCh"r"$terised !y - ex$essi+e 2orry "!o#t perform"n$e- ex$essi+e 2orry "!o#t perform"n$e
6 $ompeten$e6 $ompeten$e
1 in the "!sen$e of s$r#tiny1 in the "!sen$e of s$r#tiny
- r#min"tes "!o#t p"st mist"5es- r#min"tes "!o#t p"st mist"5es
- 2orry "!o#t f#t#re "d+ersities- 2orry "!o#t f#t#re "d+ersities
- m"y res#t in de$ine in "$"demi$- m"y res#t in de$ine in "$"demi$
perform"n$eperform"n$e
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*ener"ised Anxiety*ener"ised Anxiety
DisordersDisorders
88 C"nnot stop 2orryin, 9:C"nnot stop 2orryin, 9:
- "ppe"rs to !e- "ppe"rs to !e
1 restess1 restess 1 tense1 tense
1 fr",ie1 fr",ie
1 irrit"!e1 irrit"!e 1 #n"!e to $on$entr"te1 #n"!e to $on$entr"te
1 sef-$ons$io#s1 sef-$ons$io#s
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DepressionDepression
Ch"r"$terised !y $h"n,es inCh"r"$terised !y $h"n,es in
- !eh"+io#r- !eh"+io#r
- !ioo,i$" "$ti+ities- !ioo,i$" "$ti+ities
- $o,nition- $o,nition
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;eh"+io#r $h"n,e;eh"+io#r $h"n,e
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;ioo,i$" $h"n,e;ioo,i$" $h"n,e
AppetiteAppetite - in$re"se or de$re"se- in$re"se or de$re"se
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Co,niti+e $h"n,eCo,niti+e $h"n,e
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Dei!er"te Sef-h"rmDei!er"te Sef-h"rm
&??x more $ommon th"n $ompeted&??x more $ommon th"n $ompeteds#i$ides#i$ide
- in "does$ents- in "does$ents
fem"es @ m"esfem"es @ m"es
B' f"ied s#i$idesB' f"ied s#i$ides
ris5 of repe"tin, "ttemptsris5 of repe"tin, "ttempts
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Dei!er"te sef-h"rmDei!er"te sef-h"rm
Ris5 f"$torsRis5 f"$tors
1 fh psy$hi"tri$ do1 fh psy$hi"tri$ do
- e., depression "$oho- e., depression "$oho"!#se"!#se
1 #nderyin, psy$hi"tri$ do1 #nderyin, psy$hi"tri$ do
- e., ADHD depression- e., ADHD depression
1 ho "!#se1 ho "!#se
- physi$" sex#" emotion"- physi$" sex#" emotion"
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Dei!er"te sef-h"rmDei!er"te sef-h"rm
Ris5 f"$torsRis5 f"$tors
1 pro!ems in s$hoo1 pro!ems in s$hoo 1 poor imp#se $ontro1 poor imp#se $ontro
1 h"+e modes for imit"tion1 h"+e modes for imit"tion
- e., f"miy mem!ers pop- e., f"miy mem!ers popst"rsst"rs
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Dei!er"te sef-h"rmDei!er"te sef-h"rm
Common methodsCommon methods
- in,estion of non-edi!e- in,estion of non-edi!e
s#!st"n$es#!st"n$e
1 e., sh"mpoo 5erosene1 e., sh"mpoo 5erosene
- o+erdose of medi$"tion- o+erdose of medi$"tion
1 e., p"r"$et"mo 1 e., p"r"$et"mo hypnoti$shypnoti$s
- s"shin, 2rists- s"shin, 2rists
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Dei!er"te sef-h"rmDei!er"te sef-h"rm
4oti+"tion4oti+"tion
1 express "n,er1 express "n,er
1 feein, oney or #n2"nted1 feein, oney or #n2"nted
1 $ry for hep 1 $ry for hep 1 te"$h " esson 1 te"$h " esson
1 tempor"ry respite from distress1 tempor"ry respite from distress
1 m"5e them $h"n,e their minds1 m"5e them $h"n,e their minds
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S#i$ideS#i$ide
B' "$$ident" de"th fromB' "$$ident" de"th from
DSHDSH
m"es @ fem"esm"es @ fem"es
r"tio (-) F &r"tio (-) F &
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S#i$ideS#i$ide
Common methodsCommon methods
- poisonin,- poisonin, - inh"in, ,"s- inh"in, ,"s
- o+erdose- o+erdose
- h"n,in,- h"n,in,
- #se of 2e"pons- #se of 2e"pons
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S#i$ideS#i$ide
Ch"r"$teristi$s s#,,estin, serio#s intentCh"r"$teristi$s s#,,estin, serio#s intent
1 $"rried o#t in iso"tion1 $"rried o#t in iso"tion
1 timed so th"t inter+ention is #ni5ey1 timed so th"t inter+ention is #ni5ey 1 pre$"#tion t"5en to "+oid dis$o+ery1 pre$"#tion t"5en to "+oid dis$o+ery 1 prep"r"tion m"de1 prep"r"tion m"de - in "nti$ip"tion of de"th- in "nti$ip"tion of de"th
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S#i$ideS#i$ide
Ch"r"$teristi$s s#,,estin, serio#sCh"r"$teristi$s s#,,estin, serio#s
intentintent
1 s#i$ide note eft1 s#i$ide note eft 1 other peope informed of intention1 other peope informed of intention
1 extensi+e p"nnin,1 extensi+e p"nnin,
1 f"i#re to "ert others1 f"i#re to "ert others - foo2in, the episode- foo2in, the episode
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S$hi%ophreni"S$hi%ophreni"
Gs#" onset - "te "does$en$eGs#" onset - "te "does$en$e
Gs#"y insidio#sGs#"y insidio#s
- foo2ed !y " so2- foo2ed !y " so2
deterior"tiondeterior"tion
in f#n$tionin,in f#n$tionin,
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S$hi%ophreni"S$hi%ophreni"
Person"ity tr"its "t ris5Person"ity tr"its "t ris5
1 oners1 oners
1 ex$essi+e shyness1 ex$essi+e shyness 1 s#spi$io#s1 s#spi$io#s
1 o+er-sensiti+e1 o+er-sensiti+e
1 2ithdr"2n1 2ithdr"2n
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S$hi%ophreni"S$hi%ophreni"
Sy 6 SxSy 6 Sx - "#ditory h"#$in"tions- "#ditory h"#$in"tions - de#sions- de#sions - in$oherent spee$h- in$oherent spee$h - !#nt expression- !#nt expression - in"ppropri"te "3e$t- in"ppropri"te "3e$t -ne,e$t person" hy,iene-ne,e$t person" hy,iene - inhi!ition disinhi!ition- inhi!ition disinhi!ition
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S#!st"n$e A!#seS#!st"n$e A!#se
Commony "!#sed s#!st"n$eCommony "!#sed s#!st"n$e 1 to!"$$o1 to!"$$o 1 "$oho1 "$oho
1 stim#"nts1 stim#"nts
1 inh""nts1 inh""nts 1 ,"n"1 ,"n" 1 morphine1 morphine
N; F Pro,ression of #seN; F Pro,ression of #se
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S#!st"n$e A!#seS#!st"n$e A!#se
Ris5 f"$torsRis5 f"$tors
1 f"miy1 f"miy 1 s$hoo1 s$hoo
1 $omm#nity1 $omm#nity
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S#!st"n$e A!#seS#!st"n$e A!#se
>"miy ris5 f"$tors>"miy ris5 f"$tors 1 p"rents or si!in,s #se1 p"rents or si!in,s #se
1 m"rit" $oni$t1 m"rit" $oni$t 1 sep"r"tion or di+or$e1 sep"r"tion or di+or$e 1 "!sen$e of p"rents1 "!sen$e of p"rents 1 o2 p"rent" $ontro1 o2 p"rent" $ontro 1 o2 2"rmth 6 p"rent"1 o2 2"rmth 6 p"rent"
in+o+ementin+o+ement
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S#!st"n$e A!#seS#!st"n$e A!#se
S$hoo ris5 f"$torsS$hoo ris5 f"$tors 1 hi,h or o2 perform"n$e in s$hoo1 hi,h or o2 perform"n$e in s$hoo 1 itte $ommitment to the s$hoo1 itte $ommitment to the s$hoo 1 ine3e$ti+e no poi$y in s$hoo1 ine3e$ti+e no poi$y in s$hoo - re,"rdin, tr#"n$y 6 smo5in,- re,"rdin, tr#"n$y 6 smo5in, 1 dropo#ts1 dropo#ts
1 friends th"t #se1 friends th"t #se 1 peer "$$ept"n$e1 peer "$$ept"n$e
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S#!st"n$e A!#seS#!st"n$e A!#se
Comm#nity ris5 f"$torsComm#nity ris5 f"$tors 1 e$onomi$"y dis"d+"nt",ed1 e$onomi$"y dis"d+"nt",ed or "d+"nt",edor "d+"nt",ed
1 "$5 of so$i" $ohesion1 "$5 of so$i" $ohesion 1 nei,h!o#rhood disor,"nis"tion1 nei,h!o#rhood disor,"nis"tion 1 desire for ess !oredom1 desire for ess !oredom 1 "+"i"!iity1 "+"i"!iity 1 #nderst"ndin, th"t it is the1 #nderst"ndin, th"t it is the
norm norm
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