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Advanced Inorganic Chemistry
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SAL:
Coordination Chemistry
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coordination compound
A coordination complex or metal complex (usually metal) is a chemical species consisting of a central
atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions.
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Coordination compounds (or complexes) are
closely related to the chemistry of transition
metal
Here we focus on the 4th period transition elements
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Fundamental Concepts
Crystal Field Theory
Valence Bond Theory
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d block f block
– Have typical metallic properties
– Not as reactive as Grp. IA, IIA metals
– Have high MP’s, high BP’s, high density,
and are hard and strong
– Have 1 or 2 s electrons in valence shell
– Differ in # d electrons in n-1 energy level
– Exhibit multiple oxidation states (Exp. Zn)
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• Characteristics due to d electrons:
– Exhibit multiple oxidation states
– Compounds typically have color
– Exhibit interesting magnetic properties
• Paramagnetism
• Ferromagnetism
Many compounds are paramagnetic.
شعاع اتمی
الکترونگاتیویته
یونشانرژی اول
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چگونه یونشو انرژی اول الکترونگاتیویتهبرای سایر عناصر واسطه مقادیر شعاع، .می باشد
Oxidation state
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multiple oxidation states
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گردد نمیتقریبا فلز واسطه محسوب تبدیل می گردد 3+آن به 2+و 1+
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گردد نمیتقریبا فلز واسطه محسوب تبدیل می گردد 3+آن به 2+و 1+
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TYPICAL CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
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SOME COMPOUNDS OF MANGANESE IN ITS MOST COMMON OXIDATION STATES
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TYP
ICA
L CO
MP
OU
ND
S O
F IRO
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TYP
ICA
L CO
MP
OU
ND
S O
F CO
BA
LT
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TYP
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L CO
MP
OU
ND
S O
F NIC
KEL
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TYPICAL COMPOUNDS OF COPPER AD
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ALLOYS CONTAINING COPPER
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END
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Relative Stability of 3d Transition Metal Complexes
The Irving-Williams Series.
The stability order of complexes formed by divalent
3d transition metal ions.
Mn2+ < Fe2+ < Co2+ < Ni2+ < Cu2+ > Zn2+
M2+ + L ↔ ML2+ (K1)
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2
4
6
8
10
Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
log
K1
en
gly
ox
mal
O
O
OO
_
_
mal
NH2
NH2
en
NH2
OO_
gly
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O
O
O _
_ox
Mn2+ Fe2+ Co2+ Ni2+ Cu2+ Zn 2+
dn d5 d6 d7 d8 d9 d10
LFSE (o) 0 2/5 4/5 6/5 3/5 0
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LIG
AN
D FIELD STA
BILIZA
TION
EN
ERG
Y (LFSE)
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