american art pp revised
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American Art
Colonial AmericaEarly 1900s
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Colonial Era 1600-1800
In the beginning focus was on navigation and exploration. Jamestown, 1607 English trying to catch up with Spain and France. Was known as
the first English success. John Smith Plymouth, 1620 Mayflower Compact Mass Bay, 1630 The Enlightenment, 1695
The Great Awakening, 1739 George Washington 1stCongress Bill of Rights
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Jeremiah Theus, Mrs. Thomas
Lynch,1755, Oil Portrait painting
Dressed in upper classgown, with pined flower.
Swiss immigrant made athriving thirty-year careeras a portrait painter incosmopolitan Charleston,
South Carolina.
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Joseph Blackburn, Elizabeth Browne Rogers,1761, Oil on canvas, 50 x 40"
The sitter, Elizabeth
Browne, was thedaughter of theAnglican rector ofPortsmouth, NewHampshire.
Most likely painted onthe occasion of hermarriage.
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John Singleton Copley, John Spooner,1763Oil on canvas
The rise of the Americanamovement after WorldWar I secured Copley's
reputation as the premiercolonial portrait painter
Traditional Portrait for
1763
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Charles Willson Peale, Mr. and Mrs.Alexander Robinson, 1795, Oil
As the paterfamilias of themost important family ofpainters in American history,Peale guaranteed his
reputation through his progenyas well as in his contributionsto the natural sciences and thefounding of the first publicmuseum in the United States.
The sitters are the artist'sdaughter and her husband.
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Jacksonian Era 1800-1875
At the beginning of this era the nation was only 25 yearsold
Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-06)they went tolearn about natural life, map the area negotiate with
native Americans, and find a North West Passage.
The war of 1812 happened during this era
Market Revolution (1815-40)
Second Great Awakening (1825-40)
Trail of Tears (1832-38)
Move to the Civil Wartension growing between Northand South
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Romantic Landscape and Hudson River School
Hudson River school- a group of landscape paintersof the Hudson River Valley
Sublime Tradition- the wild landscapes, seeking toshow the vastness of nature and to be awed by itsbeauty. To make humans feel small when confronted
with the powerful landscape.
Lyrical Tradition- more domestic landscapes
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Thomas Doughty, In Natures Wonderland,1835, oil
Example of the sublimetradition
A small person in thisvast and beautifullandscape.
Doughty was born inPhiladelphia, a self-taught
artist, and one of theearliest American careerLandscape artists.
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John Frederick Kensett, Niagara Falls, 1855,oil
Example of Luminism, astyle of art indigenous toAmerica where
landscapes wererendered throughsaturated light
Kensett started as anengraver, then he worked8 years in Europe whichinfluenced his style.Kensett paints thinly witha muted palette.
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Frederic E. Church, Cotopax, 1862, oil
Example of EpicLandscape, a movementthat expanded the sublimetradition to include the
idea of Manifest Destiny.
Church was one of themost successful paintersin American history, the
new world was a greatplace for him to paintscenic art
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George Inness, Coming Storm, 1878, oil
New Landscape Style wasnot just vast expanses ofwilderness, but instead
showed settle andcultivated landscapes
See how the farms arenestled in the landscape,
the smoke from thechimneys mixing with theclouds
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William Sidney Mount, Farmers, 1836, oil
Genre Painting, showseveryday life of averageworking class.
Genre became popularbecause of publicationand illustrations inmagazines.
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George Catlin, Buffalo Chase with bowsand lances, 1832-1833, oil
Paintings from the west,show not only the terrainand landscape, but also
the Indian life
George Catlin paintedmostly Indian portraitsand showed the native
American culture
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Emanuel Leutze, Washington Crossing theDelaware, 1851, oil
Historical paintings
During the Jacksonian erahistorical paintings had
strong governmentsupport
Leutze style was a morecontemporary kind of
historical painting, whichstrove to show individualpoints in history that hadnational significance
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The Gilded Age: 1878 -1900
This period was marked by a growth inindustry and natural resources
A higher demand for transportation arose,hence the construction of railroads
The name Gilded Age came about because
of the prosperity of many business menduring the time such as Andrew Carnegieand John D. Rockefeller
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Mary Cassatt
Mary Cassatt was one of the most famous GildedAge painters
She was influenced by artists such as Degas andother Impressionists
Her subject matters leaned towards domesticgenre scenes
More intimate, sweet, gentle looking figures Emphasis on the form of figures, incorporation
of colors, shades, highlights, and compositionalarrangements
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La Toilette, oil on canvas, 1891Portrait of a Little Girl, oil on canvas, 1878
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John Singer Sargent
Another Gilded Age painter living from 1856 -1925
Most famous for his portraits
He was also influenced by the Impressionistmovement particularly artists such as Velasquezand Frans Hals
Sargent also depicted every day scenes in his
paintings, however, he seemed to have agreater focus on the upper class
His portraits were characteristic of the wealth ofthe Gilded Age
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Daughters of Edward D. Boit, oil on canvas, 1882Madame X, oil on canvas, 1884
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Winslow Homer
Watercolor artists who depicted outdoor scenesof people at work, landscapes, etc.
He had more masculine scenes and figures He created his subjects in their purest form (not
idealized) He used common citizens for his inspiration and
subject matter, particularly fishermen and
scenes of the ocean With watercolor he had to work from light to
dark in a very delicate manner
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Mending the Nets, watercolor and gouache overgraphite , 1882
Life Line, oil on canvas, 1884
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America: 1900-1920
Major Movements During this time period:Progressivism: A broad based reform movement
that sought governmental action in solving problems
in many areas of American Life including: Education,public health, the economy, the environment, labor,transportation, and politics.
Fundamentalist Movement: Anti-modernist
Protestant Movement started in the early twentiethcentury that proclaimed the literal truth of the biblethe name came from the Fundamentals, published bythe conservative leaders.
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1900-1920
Feminism:Movement that entered life in theearly twentieth century. The movement
emphasized full equality for women in political,social, and personal life.
Americanization of Society:
Sought to convert immigrants to the American Way
of Life (Anglo-Saxon Culture) Melting Pot Phenomenon
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Frank Lloyd Wright
Imperial Hotel, 1912-1923
Guggenheim, 1936
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Thomas Eakins, The Chess Players
1876 Oil on Wood
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/hob_81.14.htm -
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Robert Henri, The Masquerade
Dress: Portrait of Mrs. Henri 1911 Oil on canvas
76 x 36
http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_Art/viewOnezoom.asp?dep=21&zoomFlag=0&viewmode=0&item=58%2E157 -
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Marcel Duchamp, The BrideStripped Bare by Her Bachelors,
1915-1923 272.5 x 175.8 cm
Oil paint, varnish,
lead foil, lead wire,and dust on twocracked glass plates,each mounted
between 2 glasspanels, in steel andwood frame.
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Works Cited Americas Library
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gilded
WebMuseum, Parishttp://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/cassatt/
Artchivehttp://www.artchive.com/artchive/C/cassatt.html
John Singer Sargent Virtual Galleryhttp://www.jssgallery.org/index.htm
Uncanny Spectacle The Public Career of the Young JohnSinger Sargent, Marc Simpson
Artchivehttp://www.artchive.com/artchive/H/homer.html
Son of the South
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/Winslow_Homer.htm
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gildedhttp://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gildedhttp://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/cassatt/http://www.artchive.com/artchive/C/cassatt.htmlhttp://www.jssgallery.org/index.htmhttp://www.artchive.com/artchive/H/homer.htmlhttp://www.sonofthesouth.net/Winslow_Homer.htmhttp://www.sonofthesouth.net/Winslow_Homer.htmhttp://www.artchive.com/artchive/H/homer.htmlhttp://www.jssgallery.org/index.htmhttp://www.artchive.com/artchive/C/cassatt.htmlhttp://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/cassatt/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gildedhttp://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gildedhttp://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/gilded -
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Works Cited
PBS : Frank Lloyd Wrightwww.pbs.org
Marcel Duchamp
www.understandingduchamp.comwww.paraethos.com/occulturelbride.htm
Robert Henriwww.butlerart.com
The Ashcan Schoolwww.pbs.orghttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/ho_81.14.htm
http://www.pbs.org/http://www.understandingduchamp.com/http://www.paraethos.com/occulturelbride.htmhttp://www.butlerart.com/http://www.pbs.org/http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/ho_81.14.htmhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/ho_81.14.htmhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/ho_81.14.htmhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/eapa/ho_81.14.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/http://www.butlerart.com/http://www.paraethos.com/occulturelbride.htmhttp://www.understandingduchamp.com/http://www.pbs.org/ -
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Works Cited
Museumsatstonybrook.org
Atrlex.com/ArtLex/kl/luminism.html
Tfaoi.com
American Art, Brown, Hunter, Jacobus,Rosenblum and Sokol, 1979, Pentice-Hall
Inc. NJ
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