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AN ETHERNET ROADMAP
Scott Kipp
skipp@brocade.com
March 2013
1
THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS
PRESENTATION ARE BROCADE VIEWS AND
SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED THE VIEWS
OR POSITIONS OF THE ETHERNET ALLIANCE.
This presentation is being given to work
toward having a position for the Ethernet
Alliance
2
Ethernet Roadmap
• The IEEE defines Ethernet standards and does not
release a roadmap for future standards
• The industry does not have a good understanding of
how Ethernet was developed or where it is headed
• This presentation will look at past Ethernet
developments to give a better understanding of where
Ethernet will likely go in the future
• The emphasis of this presentation is on high-speed
optical interfaces
• BASE-T and Backplane not covered
3
Gigabit Optical Modules and Speeds
3/19/2013 4
100G
10G
1G
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Standard Completed
40G
Da
ta R
ate
an
d L
ine
Ra
te (
b/s)
Key:
Ethernet Speed
GbE
SFP GBIC
1GFC
2GFC
4GFC
8GFC
SC
connector
LC
connector
Acronyms:
GBIC = GigaBit
Interface Converter
SFP – Small Form
factor Pluggable
GFC – Gigabit Fiber
Channel
GbE – Gigabit
Ethernet
Who Uses Gigabit Fiber in Data Centers?
Fibre Channel is >95% optics
This is limited to Switching and not Routing
3/19/2013 5
Ethernet is > 95% copper
Source: Dell’Oro Ethernet Switch Layer 2+3 Report Five Year Forecast, 2013-2017
Gigabit Ethernet Switch Port Shimpents (000s)
Got Copper?
3/19/2013 6
3/19/2013 7
10-100 Gigabit Optical Modules and Speeds
3/19/2013 8
100G
10G
1G
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Standard Completed
40G
Da
ta R
ate
an
d L
ine
Ra
te (
b/s)
Key:
Ethernet Speed
Fibre Channel
Speed
InfiniBand Speed
New Form Factor
Acronyms:
SFP – Small Form
factor Pluggable
QSFP – Quad Small
Form factor Pluggable
XFP – X (10) Form
Factor Pluggable
Others – don’t worry
about them
16GFC
XENPAK
XPAK
X2
10GbE
SFP+ XFP
32GFC
MPO
Connector
40GbE
QSFP+ Parallel
Optics
300 Pin
MSA
64GFC
40GbE
Generations of 10GbE SFP+ Now Dominates
Month ##, 200# Presentation Title
Generation 1st Gen 2nd Gen 3rd Gen 4th Gen
Optical
Module
300 Pin
MSA
XENPAK XPAK X2 XFP
(Retimed)
SFP+
(Unretimed)
Electrical
Speeds (Gbps)
16 lanes
at 0.644
4 lane at
3.125
4 lane at
3.125
4 lane at
3.125
1 lane at
10.3125
1 lane at
10.3125
Encoding 8b/10b 8b/10b 8b/10b 8b/10b 64b/66b 64b/66b
Availability 2001 2002 2002 2003 2005 2007
300 Pin MSA XENPAK XPAK/X2
XFP SFP+
The Power of 10GbE Switches can cool about 2W/sq inch per module
3/19/2013 10
15
10
5
0
2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
Standard Completed
Mo
du
le P
ow
er
Co
nsu
mp
tio
n (
W)
300 Pin MSA and XENPAK
6.5+ sq inches (13W)
SFP+
1 sq inch (2W)
XPAK and X2
4+ sq inches (8W)
2W
4W
XFP
2 sq inches (4W)
Remove
16:1 Gearbox
Remove
4:1 Gearbox
Improve
Compnonents
Remove
Retimer
8W
Port Density Drives Cost Down More Ports = Lower Cost = Wider Deployments
3/19/2013 11
1U Switch or Modular Switch Blade
2 300 Pin MSA
Ports
4 XENPAK
Ports
8 XPAK or X2
Ports
16 XFP
Ports
48 SFP+
Ports
128 (32) QSFP
Ports
100+ Gigabit Optical Modules and Speeds
3/19/2013 12
1T
100G
10G
2010 2015 2020 2025
Standard Completed
400G
Da
ta R
ate
an
d L
ine
Ra
te (
b/s)
Key:
Ethernet Speed
Fibre Channel
Speed
InfiniBand Speed 400GbE
16X25G
100GbE
10X10G 100GbE
4X25G
128GFC
4X28G
400GbE
8X50G
104G-IB-EDR
4X25G 256GFC
4X56G
512GFC
4X112G
CFP CFP2
Generations of Fibre Channel Serial and Parallel
Month ##, 200# 128GFC Overview
QSFP28
Generation 6th Gen 7th Gen 8th Gen
Optical Modules 32GFC and
128GFC
64GFC and
256GFC
128GFC and
512GFC
Electrical Speeds (Gbps)
Serial / Parallel
1 lane of 28.05/
4 lanes at 28.05
1 lanes of 56.1/
4 lanes at 56.1
1 lane of 112.2/
4 lanes at 112.2
QSFP56 QSFP112?
SFP+ Can this
be done?
Generations of 100GbE Early Stages of 100GbE Still
Month ##, 200# Presentation Title
Generation 1st Gen 2nd Gen
Optical Module CFP CXP CFP2 CFP4 QSFP28
Not LR4
Electrical
Interface (Gb/s)
CAUI – 10
lanes of
retimed
10.3125
CPPI – 10
lanes of
unretimed
10.3125
CAUI,
CPPI
CAUI-4,
CPPI-4
CAUI-4
4 lane at
25.8
CAUI-4
4 lane at
25.8
Availability 2011 2010 2013 2015 2014
CFP
CXP QSFP28
CFP2 CFP4
The Power of 100GBASE-LR4 over Time LR4 won’t fit in QSFP28 for a long time
3/19/2013 15
24
16
8
0
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Standard Completed
Po
we
r C
on
su
mp
tio
n (
W)
CFP
16+ sq inches (32W)
3.5W
Remove
4:1 Gearbox
Improve
Compnonents
Improve
Components
12W
CFP2
6+ sq inches
(12W) 6W CFP4
3+ sq inches
(6W) QSFP28
1.5+ sq inches
(3.5W)
Port Density Drives Cost Down More Ports = Lower Cost = Wider Deployments
3/19/2013 16
1U Switch or Modular Switch Blade
4 CFP
Ports
8 CFP2
Ports
16 CFP4
Ports
32 QSFP or CFP4
Ports*
* Probably only low power ports supported – not 100GBASE-LR4
Generations of 400GbE Early Stages of 100GbE Still
Month ##, 200# Presentation Title
Generation 1st Gen 2nd Gen
Optical Module CDFP 4X CFP4 CDFP2
Electrical Interface (Gb/s)
CDAUI–16
16 lanes of
retimed 25G
CDAUI–16
16 lanes of
retimed 25G
CDAUI–8
8 lanes of 50G
Availability 2016 2016 2021?
C = 100
CD = 400
D = 500
Disclaimer
• Roadmaps are based on predictions of the future after
looking back at the past
• Predictions of the future are susceptible to errors that
FEC will not correct
• Predictions more than 5 years out should be viewed
with skepticism and the eventual reality will be decided
by many unforeseen events, including our own actions
• Never the less, an approximate roadmap is better than
no roadmap and we can correct the roadmap over the
years
3/19/2013 18
100G Serial Lanes
• 100G serial lanes have been demonstrated, but they
are high power and usually very costly
• Would you like a 100GbE SFP+?
• Can it be built for under 2W and $1,000?
• We’re just starting to work on 56G serial lanes in OIF
• Let’s look at what we can do with 100G lanes
The building block of Terabit Speeds
3/19/2013 19 ©2012 Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. CONFIDENTIAL: For Internal Use Only
Terabit Speeds and Optical Modules and
Speeds 100G Serial, 400G Parallel and up to 1.6 Tbps
3/19/2013 20
1T
100G
10G
2010 2015 2020 2025
Standard Completed
400G
Da
ta R
ate
an
d L
ine
Ra
te (
b/s)
Key:
Ethernet Speed
Fibre Channel
Speed
InfiniBand Speed 400GbE
4X100G
100GbE
1X100G
TbE
10X100G
1.6TbE
16X100G
A Futuristic Roadmap One possible outcome without revolutionary technology
3/19/2013 21
1T
100G
10G
2010 2015 2020 2025
Standard Completed
400G
Da
ta R
ate
an
d L
ine
Ra
te (
b/s)
Key:
Ethernet Speed
Fibre Channel
Speed
InfiniBand Speed 400GbE
16X25G
100GbE
10X10G
100GbE
4X25G
128GFC
4X28G
400GbE
8X50G
104G-IB-EDR
4X25G
400GbE
4X100G
100GbE
1X100G
TbE
10X100G
1.6TbE
16X100G
256GFC
4X56G
512GFC
4X112G
The Road Ahead
• The industry needs to move forward in a way that
lowers the cost/bit
• 400GbE can provide lower cost/bit soon
• TbE can not provide lower cost/bit soon for a few years
• We can always address the bandwidth explosion by
deploying more ports at a lower speed
• The long term solution is to provide fewer ports at
lower cost that run faster
3/19/2013 22
THANK YOU
23
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