animal classification the animal kingdom basic characteristics of animals: 1. 2. 3. nine animal...

Animal Classification

THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS: 1. 2. 3.

NINE ANIMAL PHYLA INVERTEBRATES:

VERTEBRATES (CORDATES): (1 phylum)

MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS- Eukaryotic

CAPABILITY OF LOCOMOTION

MUST INGEST FOOD

(8 PHYLA)

ALL LACK INTERNAL SKELETON, SOME HAVE EXOSKELTON OR SHELL

INTERNAL SKELTON MADE OF BONE/ CARTILAGE.

1. Phylum PORIFERA:• ‘Pore- Bearing”

• Filter feeders

• Asymmetrical

• Feed and get rid of wastes thru diffusion

• Sessile=nonmotile, attached

to a surface while living

• Ex.- sponges

2. Phylum CNIDARIA

EXAMPLES: CORAL, JELLYFISH, SEA ANEMONE

• Have stinging tenacles

• Stun prey with toxins

• Prey is drawn into mouth and dissolved/ digested

• Radial symmetry

Polyps: Sea anemones

Purple striped jelly, Pelagia panopyra

3. Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES:

EXAMPLES: PLANARIA, FLUKE, TAPEWORM

• Flat worms

• One opening for ingestion and elimination

• Primitive nervous system

• Exchange gases by diffusion thru moist membranes

• Bilateral symmetry

Planarian

4. Phylum ANNELIDA

EXAMPLES: LEECH, EARTHWORMS

• Segmented worms

• Each segment has a nervous. circulatory,

excretory, muscular system

• Bilateral symmetry

• First organism with complex body systems

5. Phylum Nematoda• Round worms• Have long, slender bodies• Have a hollow, fluid filled body cavity• Most are free-living on land or in fresh or salt water• Many species are parasitic

Examples- Ascaris, hookworms, pinworms

6. Phylum ARTHROPODA

EXAMPLES: SHRIMP, LOBSTER, CRAB, BARNACLE

• Animals with jointed appendages

• Have an exoskeleton

• They shed their exoskeleton (molt)

• We study crustaceans – these are marine arthropods

7. Phylum MOLLUSCA• All have a soft body

• There are 3 classes: gastropods, bi-valves, cephalopods

• Most have an external shell.

• Have bi-lateral symmetry

• Cephalopods are extremely intelligent

• ex.- snail, clams, squid, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus

8. Phylum ECHINODERMATA

• Have spiny bodies

• Radial symmetry

• Benthic- bottom dwellers

• Central mouth on ventral surface

• ex.- sea urchin, sea star, sea cucumber, sand dollar

9. Phylum CHORDATA

• Have a backbone that protects the spinal cord=ALL vertebrates!!!

• Most developed nervous system

• Contains animals that we are most familiar with

• ex.- fish, mammals, reptiles,

amphibians, birds