animals what is an animal? the structure of organisms cells tissues organs organ systems

Animals• What is an animal?

The Structure of Organisms

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ Systems

Animals are made up of cells.Cells are the building blocks of

all living things.

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A cell is to an organism as a brick is to a house.

TISSUESTissues are a group of

similar cells that perform a special job.

Organs are a group of different kinds of tissue working

together.

ORGAN SYSTEMS

Organs working together to do a jobare called organ systems.

FUNCTIONS OF ANIMALSObtain food

Obtain oxygen (O2)Homeostasis (Keeping things stable)

MovementReproduction (Sexual &Asexual)

Structures or behaviors that allow animals toperform these basic life functions in their

environmentare called ADAPTATIONS.

Obtaining Food•Animals get food by eating other organisms

(plants/animals)

•Animals need food for growth & energy.

•Animals need oxygen (O2) to release the energy from food.

Obtaining O2•Most animals obtain O2 from the air, but fish

get it from water.

HomeostasisKeeping Things Stable

•Animals must keep their bodies in balance or they can not survive.

(Think temperature, heart rate, digestion)

Movement•Animals move To meet their needs of

survival, or to reproduce.

REPRODUCTION

Sexual Reproduction: A new organism develops from the joining of a female sex cell

(egg) and a male sex cell (sperm).

Fertilization: The joining of an egg cell and a sperm cell.

Asexual Reproduction is the process by which a single organism produces a new organism identical

to itself.

CLASSIFICATION

Sorting animals into groups based on similar characteristics.

Phylum: Group of animals with similar characteristics.

Vertebrates: Animals with backbones.

Invertebrates: Animals with no backbones.

•Scientist classify, or organize, animals/plants by grouping them

by similar structures.•Classification begins with very large groups (animals & plants)

and ends with very specific groups.•All living things are named by

their last 2 groups: genus & species.

•Scientist used Latin or Greek to classify animals & plants.

KingPhillip Came Over From GreeceSwimming

KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

Here’s an easy way to remember the levels of classification.

SYMMETRY•Symmetry is the balanced arrangement of parts.

•Bilateral Symmetry: When an object has only 1 line of symmetry that divides an animal into halves that are mirror images..

Radial Symmetry: Objects with many lines of symmetry that all go through a central point.

Animals with Radial Symmetry

•All of them live in the water.•Most do not move fast.•Usually stay in one spot unless they are moved by currents or they creep along slowly.•Central point – circular shape•No distinct front or back end.

Animals with Bilateral Symmetry•Larger & more complex than animals with radial symmetry.•Have a front end that usually goes first.•Front end has sense organs.•Streamlined body.•Move more quickly & efficiently.

Asymmetrical

•Some animals have no symmetry at all.

•Asymmetrical animals have simple body plans.