annotated satellite image atlas...1 annotated satellite image atlas a history of the 2014 minute 319...

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Annotated Satellite Image Atlas

A History of the 2014 Minute 319 Environmental Pulse Flow as Documented by Field Measurements and Satellite Imagery

Images used in the article include the figure number and annotations.

Prepared by Steven Nelson April 5,2016

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Notes:

1. All satellite images are Landsat 8 unless otherwise noted. 2. Unless otherwise described, the date appearing next to a point of interest is the date

the pulse flow wetted front passed that point. 3. Water delivery data for Morelos Dam, Km 27 spillway, and Km 18 spillway were

provided by CILA. 4. River discharge data for DMS 1-3 (discrete measurements) were provided by USGS. 5. River discharge data for DMS 4 (SIB) were provided by IBWC. 6. River discharge data for DMS 5-15 were provided by UABC.

Morelos Dam

March 23

April 13

April 18

May 2

May 3 May 18

Km 27

Km 18

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Reach 1

Reach 1 Morelos Dam

Pre-pulse flow

wetted front

Fig. 3a March 15, 2014

T2 T4 T5 T7

March 15, 2014

Fig. 3b March 31, 2014

Reach 1

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release) Max. Release: 119 m3s-1

March 29, 2014

Pre-pulse flow

wetted front

DMS-2: 102.8 m3s-1 March 29.

Gadsden Bend

March 31, 2014

Fig. 3d April 16, 2014

Reach 1

Pulse Duration: + 24 days (Morelos Release) Max. Release: 119 m3s-1

March 29, 2014

Pre-pulse flow

wetted front

April 16, 2014

May 2, 2014

Reach 1

Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Max. Release: 119 m3s-1

March 29, 2014 Morelos Deliveries ended April 18, 2014

Pre-pulse wetted front

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May 11, 2014

Reach 1

Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release) Max. Release: 119 m3s-1

March 29, 2014 Morelos Deliveries ended April 18, 2014

Limit of pre-Pulse wetted channel

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May 27, 2014

Reach 1

Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release) Max. Release: 119 m3s-1

March 29, 2014 Morelos Deliveries ended April 18, 2014

Limit of pre-Pulse wetted channel

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By May 27 surface water had retreated to the pre-Pulse position.

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Reach 2

Reach 2

Fig. 4a March 15, 2014

T7

T8

RS2-10

March 15, 2014

March 24, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse wetted front was just short of Reach 2 by day’s end March 24.

Pulse Duration: + 1 day (Morelos Release)

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March 31, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

DMS 3a 78.7 m3s-1 March 30.

Fig. 4b March 31, 2014

The pulse flow wetted front passed through Reach 2 on March 25, 2014.

April 7, 2014 WorldView 2

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 15 days (Morelos Release)

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Discharge at DMS 3a 18.4 m3s-1 April 7.

April 16, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 24 days (Morelos Release)

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Discharge at DMS 3a 9.8 m3s-1 April 16.

April 25, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 33 days (Morelos Release)

Morelos deliveries ended April 18, 2014

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May 2, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release)

Morelos deliveries ended April 18, 2014

Retreating surface water

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May 11, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release)

Morelos deliveries ended April 18, 2014

Retreating surface water

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May 27, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release)

Morelos deliveries ended April 18, 2014

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June 28, 2014

Reach 2

Pulse Duration: + 97 days (Morelos Release)

Morelos deliveries ended April 18, 2014

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Reach 3

March 24, 2014

Reach 3

San Luis Bridge DMS 4

Km27 spillway

Pulse Duration: + 1 day (Morelos Release)

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March 31, 2014

Reach 3

San Luis Bridge March 25 Maximum discharge at DMS-4 (SIB) 70 m3s-1 on March 31

Km27 spillway

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

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March 31, 2014

Reach 3

San Luis Bridge March 25 Maximum discharge at DMS-4 (SIB) 70 m3s-1 on March 31

Siphon March 26 Maximum discharge 59.9 m3s-1 on March 31.

Km27 spillway

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

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March 31, 2014

Reach 3 Km27 spillway Fruit

Orchard March 28

Vado Cebollero March 30

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

Wetted Front March31

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DMS-6 March 28 Maximum discharge 35.9 m3s-1 April 3.

Siphon March 26 Maximum discharge 59.9 m3s-1 March 31.

San Luis Bridge March 25 Maximum discharge at DMS-4 (SIB) 70 m3s-1 March 31

March 31, 2014

Reach 3 Km27 Spillway

Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

Wetted Front March 31

DMS 6 35.9 m3s-1

April 3. Siphon

59.9 m3s-1 March 31

DMS 4 San Luis

Bridge 70 m3s-1 March 31

Fig. 5a March 31, 2014

RS3-18

Agricultural Development

KM 27 Delivery

Point

DMS 7

T27

T26

T32

April 9, 2014

Reach 3

San Luis Bridge March 25

Siphon March 26

Km27 spillway Fruit Orchard March 28

Vado Cebollero

Pulse Duration: + 17 days (Morelos Release)

Arrival upper Reach 4 April 3

Very slow advance through meanders, April 1-2

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DMS-7 maximum discharge 15.1 m3s-1 April 4.

DMS-6 March 28 Maximum discharge 35.9 m3s-1 April 3.

April 16, 2014

Reach 3 Km27 spillway Deliveries began April 13

Pulse Duration: + 24 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

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Discharge at DMS-7 1.3 m3s-1 April 16.

Discharge at DMS-6 11.3 m3s-1 April 16.

April 25, 2014

Reach 3 Km27 spillway Deliveries began April 13

Pulse Duration: + 33 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

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Discharge at DMS-7 3.5 m3s-1.

Discharge at DMS-6 10.7 m3s-1 on April 25.

Km 27 water arrived at upper Reach 4 April 17.

May 2, 2014

Reach 3 Km27 Spillway

Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

DMS 6 11.2 m3s-1

Siphon

San Luis Bridge

Fig. 5b May 2, 2014

KM 27 Delivery

Point

DMS 7 5.9 m3s-1

May 11, 2014

Reach 3

San Luis Bridge

Siphon

Km27 spillway Deliveries ended May 2. Fruit

Orchard

Vado cebollero

Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

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With the exception of a few areas of residual water (blue arrows), Reach 3 was dry by May 11.

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Upper Reach 4

Upper Reach 4 March 31, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

Vado

Vado

The water table resurfaces in Upper Reach 4. The Pulse had not yet arrived on March 31.

El Chauce 33

Upper Reach 4 April 9, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 17 days (Morelos Release)

Vado

Vado

The Pulse front (Morelos release) passed through upper Reach 4 on April 4, blocking access to the vados.

El Chauce 34

DMS-8 Discharge at DMS 8 peaked at 7.2 m3s-1 April 5.

Upper Reach 4 April 16, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 24 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

Vado

Vado

Flow at DMS-8 was reduced to < 1 m3s-1 April 11-25 during the period between the Morelos Dam and Km27 pulses.

El Chauce 35

DMS-8

Upper Reach 4 May 2, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

Vado

Vado

Km 27 water arrived at DMS-8 on April 26. DMS-8 peaked at 5.6 m3s-1 on April 29 , 24 days after the Morelos peak. Dishcarge was 4.5 m3s-1 on May 2.

El Chauce 36

DMS-8

Upper Reach 4 May 11, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

Vado

Vado

El Chauce 37

DMS-8

Upper Reach 4 June 12, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 81 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

Vado

Vado

El Chauce 38

DMS-8

With the exception of residual pooled water in a few places, upper Reach 4 had returned to pre-pulse water levels by mid-June.

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Reach 4 CILA Restoration Sites

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites March 31, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

Laguna Grande

Dam

Cori Site

CILA Site

Railroad Bridge

KM18 Spillway DMS-10

Herradura Site

Agriculture

RS4-24

6a March 31, 2014

Morelos

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites Worldview 2

April 7, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 15 days (Morelos Release)

Laguna Grande

Dam

Cori Site

CILA Site

Railroad Bridge

KM18 Spillway

DMS-10 5.3 m3s-1 April 6

Herradura Site

Agriculture

6b April 7, 2014

Morelos

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites

April 9, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 17 days (Morelos Release)

Laguna Grande

Vado de Carranza

By April 9 the wetted front had advanced to the Vado de Carranza in upper Reach 5, and some additional flooding of the prepared meanders had occurred.

El Chauce

Railroad Bridge

Km 18 spillway

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DMS-10 DMS 10 flow decreased to <1 m3s-1

on April 11.

Herradura Site

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites

April 25, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 33 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

Laguna Grande

Vado de Carranza

Surface water in the main channel retreated 1 km upstream from the Vado de Carranza by April 25.

El Chauce

Railroad Bridge

Km 18 spillway

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DMS-10

Water levels in the meanders receded gradually during the interim between Morelos deliveries and Km 27 deliveries.

Herradura Site

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites

May 2, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

Laguna Grande

Vado de Carranza

KM 27 water arrived at DMS-10 on April 27, reaching 4 m3s-1 May 1 and 2, 25 days after the Morelos peak of 5.3 m3s-1

on April 6.

El Chauce

Railroad Bridge

Km 18 spillway

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DMS-10

Water in the main channel advanced to the Vado de Carranza and on to the bottom of Reach 5.

Herradura Site

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites May 11, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries began May 18.

Laguna Grande

Dam

Cori Site

CILA Site

Railroad Bridge

KM18 Spillway

DMS-10 9.2 m3s-1 May 5

Herradura Site

Agriculture

6c May 11, 2014

KM18

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites

May 27, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries ended May 18.

Laguna Grande

Vado de Carranza

Water levels receded with cessation of Km 18 deliveries.

El Chauce

Railroad Bridge

Km 18 spillway Deliveries ended

May 18.

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Herradura Site

Lower Reach 4 Restoration Sites

June 12, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 81 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries ended May 18.

Laguna Grande

Vado de Carranza

By June 12 surface water levels are similar to pre-Pulse levels. Seedling plantations are receiving base flow.

El Chauce

Railroad Bridge

Km 18 spillway Deliveries ended

May 18.

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Herradura Site

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Reach 5

Reach 5 March 31, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 8 days (Morelos Release)

flood control channel

The Pulse had not yet arrived at Reach 5 on March 31.

Reach 6 Reach 5

Vado de Carranza

Ayala Drain

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Reach 7

Rio Hardy

Reach 5 April 9, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 17 days (Morelos Release)

flood control channel

Reach 6 Reach 5

Pulse arrival at Vado de Carranza, April 9

Ayala Drain

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Reach 7

Rio Hardy

Reach 5 April 16, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 24 days (Morelos Release)

flood control channel

Reach 6 Reach 5

Vado de Carranza Pulse arrival April 9

Ayala Drain

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Reach 7

Rio Hardy

Maximum advance of Pulse water delivered at

Morelos Dam (wet ground noted April 14,

1:00 PM).

Reach 5 May 2, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2.

flood control channel

Vado de Carranza

Ayala Drain

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Rio Hardy

Km 27 deliveries arrived at DMS 12 on April 29, reaching 4.7 m3s-1

April 30.

By May 2 Pulse water had advanced to the end of the flood control channel at the upper edge of Reach 7, where sheet flooding advanced southeast.

DMS-12

Reach 5 May 11, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries began May 3.

Flood Control Channel

Vado de Carranza

Rio Hardy

DMS-12 7.1 m33-1 May 11

Final Advance Morelos Release

April 14

Reach 5 Reach 6 Reach 7

KM 18

Fig. 7 May 11, 2014

Reach 5 May 27, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries ended May 18

flood control channel

Vado de Carranza

Ayala Drain

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Rio Hardy

DMS-12

Reach 5 June 12, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 81 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May 2. KM 18 deliveries ended May 18

flood control channel

Vado de Carranza

Ayala Drain

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Rio Hardy

DMS-12

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Upper Reach 7

Upper Reach 7 April 16, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

Reach 5 Flood Control Channel (dry)

DMS-15 The

Kidney

Rio Hardy

Reach 5 Reach 6 Reach 7

Tapon #2 Ayala Drain

2.1 km (1.3 mi)

DMS-13

Estuary

Figure 8a April 16, 2014

Upper Reach 7 May 2, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 40 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries began April 13.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Pulse flow water was released onto the floodplain at the end of the Reach 5 flood control channel.

Rio Hardy

Reach 5 Reach 6 Reach 7

Tapon #2

Upper Reach 7 May 11, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 49 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

Reach 5 Flood Control Channel

DMS-15

Rio Hardy

Reach 5 Reach 6 Reach 7

Tapon #2 Ayala Drain DMS-13

Estuary

Figure 8b May 11, 2014

KM 18

The Kidney

Upper Reach 7 May 27, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 65 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

Upper Reach 7 June 3, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 72 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

Upper Reach 7 June 12, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 81 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

Greenup began in early June at the south end of flood control channel

Upper Reach 7 June 28, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 97 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

Greenup persisted through summer and fall.

Upper Reach 7 October 18, 2014 Pulse Duration: + 209 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

Greenup persisted through summer and fall.

Upper Reach 7 March 18, 2015 Pulse Duration: + 360 days (Morelos Release) Morelos deliveries ended April 18. KM 27 deliveries ended May2. KM 18 deliveries Began May 3, ended May 18.

flood control channel

DMS-15

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The Kidney

Rio Hardy

Tapon #2

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Lower Reach 7

DMS-15. Pulse flow arrival indicated by increases in discharge (beginning May 10) and stage height (beginning May 11) and decreasing specific conductivity (beginning May 13).

Tidal Sandbar

Figure 9a May 11, 2014

Pilot Channel

Old River

Channel

Decreasing specific conductivity at RHDO6 beginning May 13.

Brief drop in specific conductivity at E1 on May 15.

Advance of clear water toward SI pilot channel noted in this area May 12-15.

DMS-15

Tidal Sandbar

Figure 9c May 18, 2014

Pilot Channel

Old River

Channel

The May 15 spring tide inundated the channel upstream from the SI pilot channel.

Pulse flow water may have mixed with the incoming tide in this area.

DMS-15

Tidal Sandbar

Figure 10 May 27, 2014

Pilot Channel

Old River

Channel June 3, 2014

Lagoon 1

Overflow toward Lagoon 1 and the old river channel, late May 2014