appeal to reason
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Federal Federal GovernmentGovernment
VS.VS.The Appeal to The Appeal to
ReasonReason
11stst Amendment Amendment
Freedom of religion, speech, press, Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petitionassembly, and petition
Title XII of Espionage Act of 1917Title XII of Espionage Act of 1917
Violated 1Violated 1stst Amendment rights Amendment rights
Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason
Produced weeklyProduced weekly
Socialist newspaperSocialist newspaper
Subscriptions up to 500,000 in 1917Subscriptions up to 500,000 in 1917
FounderFounder
Julius WaylandJulius Wayland
18951895
Girard, KansasGirard, Kansas
PurposePurpose
Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason
Brought public attention to actions of rich Brought public attention to actions of rich and powerfuland powerful
Fred WarrenFred Warren
Fred Warren joins Fred Warren joins Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason staffstaff
June 1901June 1901 28 years old28 years old Within one year took over editorial directionWithin one year took over editorial direction
Eugene DebsEugene Debs
Eugene DebsEugene Debs
ContributorContributor
Ran for president five times on the Socialist Ran for president five times on the Socialist ticket ticket
Government AttentionGovernment Attention
March 1906March 1906
Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason gets attention of gets attention of governmentgovernment
Beginning of EndBeginning of End
Government looking for ways to keep Government looking for ways to keep
Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason from being circulated from being circulated
11 stst Court Case Court Case
May 3, 1909May 3, 1909 Suit against Warren (editor)Suit against Warren (editor)
Sentenced to six months in jail and fined Sentenced to six months in jail and fined $1,500 plus costs$1,500 plus costs
More CasesMore Cases
Government brings multiple suits in court Government brings multiple suits in court over next few yearsover next few years
U.S. District Attorney Harry J. Bone U.S. District Attorney Harry J. Bone unrelentingunrelenting
Even hired “secret” spiesEven hired “secret” spies
Sad NewsSad News
November 1912November 1912
Founder Wayland commits suicideFounder Wayland commits suicide
BeliefsBeliefs
Staff of Staff of Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason believed that believed that 11stst amendment rights were being violated amendment rights were being violated
Fought to keep those rightsFought to keep those rights
Espionage Act of 1917Espionage Act of 1917
July 1917 Espionage ActJuly 1917 Espionage Act
Appeal to Reason Appeal to Reason lost mailing privilegelost mailing privilege
Sold to Emanuel JuliusSold to Emanuel Julius
Renamed Renamed New AppealNew Appeal Supported totally different ideologiesSupported totally different ideologies
Timeline of events for Timeline of events for Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason
Founded
1895
Warren joins staff
19011907
Warren’s firs
t indictment
Grand Jury meets in Ft. Scott
Wayland commits suicide
Contempt charges filed
Warren, W
ayland, Debs, S
heppard indicted
19111912
19121912
Appeal to Reason denied
mailing privileges
Contempt charges dismissed
Bone ordered to drop indictments
191319171913
Appeal Sold
1917
Kansas State StandardKansas State Standard
The student uses a working knowledge and The student uses a working knowledge and understanding of significant individuals, groups, ideas, understanding of significant individuals, groups, ideas, events, eras and developments in the history of events, eras and developments in the history of Kansas, the United States, and the world, utilizing Kansas, the United States, and the world, utilizing essential analytical and research skills.essential analytical and research skills.
1. The student uses a working knowledge and 1. The student uses a working knowledge and understanding of individuals, groups, ideas, understanding of individuals, groups, ideas, developments, and turning points in the era of the developments, and turning points in the era of the emergence of the modern United States (1890-1930)emergence of the modern United States (1890-1930)
3. (A) explains the significance of the Girard 3. (A) explains the significance of the Girard newspaper newspaper Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason to the Socialist to the Socialist movement in the United Statesmovement in the United States
CitationCitation
Sterling, David L. “The Federal Sterling, David L. “The Federal Government v. The Government v. The Appeal to ReasonAppeal to Reason.” .” Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains 9Plains 9 (1986): 31-42 (1986): 31-42
Created by Chyna MundyCreated by Chyna Mundy History 479 Fall 2008History 479 Fall 2008
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