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2150 Meadowvale Blvd. Mississauga, ON L5N 6R6
APPLICATION FOR ONTARIO APPRENTICE TRAINER This application must be completed by Ontario residents applying for an “A” or “F” trainer licence for the first time or by those applying for an upgrade from an “F” to an “A” trainer licence OR those who have failed to renew their trainer licence in the prior year. Please note that licensing fees are prorated in accordance with the Standardbred Canada birth date renewal system relative to the date the licence is approved to the applicant’s birth date.
Part A: Eligibility Requirements
“A” Trainer licence will permit you to operate a public stable at all extended and non-extended meetings. The first time applicant for an “A” licence: 1. must have attained 16 years of age; 2. must have been licensed as a groom by the Ontario Racing Commission for
two full years; 3. must file a recommendation from the panel of regional judges to write the
examination; 4. must achieve a passing grade of 75% on the written trainer examination; 5. must provide a written contract agreement with a licensed Ontario trainer in
good standing; 6. must complete six (6) months apprenticeship program with licensed trainer; 7. have a minimum of four (4) favourable responses to confidential reference
letters from currently licensed “A” trainers or drivers; 8. must submit a satisfactory physical and eye examination; 9. must provide duly completed and signed Trainer Apprenticeship Certificate no
sooner than three months after the commencement of this apprenticeship program;
10. must achieve a passing grade of at least 90% on the Standardbred Canada practical examination.
“F” Trainer licence will permit you to train horses, wholly owned by yourself or an immediate family member, at extended and non extended meetings. The first time applicant for an “F” licence:
1. must have attained 16 years of age; 2. must file a recommendation from the panel of regional judges to sit the
written examination; 3. must achieve a passing grade of 75% on the written trainer
examination; 4. must submit a satisfactory physical and eye examination; 5. must achieve a passing grade of at least 90% on the Standardbred
Canada practical examination.
Part B: Personal Information (Please Print)
Last Name First Name ORC/SC Member # Address City/Town Province Postal Code
Date of Birth Have you held a USTA membership? Yes No USTA Member # Day / Month / Year Are you the owner of a registered standardbred horse? Yes No Names some horses you own:
Have you been licensed as a groom for two years? Yes No Part-time? Full time?
Part C: Horse Racing and/or Industry Experience for the past five (5) years
Employer Name Contact Number Duties From (date) to (date)
Part D: Interview and Recommendation
To which panel of regional judges do you wish your file directed? Track Name
Part E: Notice of Consent
I hereby certify that all information provided on this application is true and that any false answers or statements made by me can be considered grounds for denial revocation or downgrade of my licence. I agree to abide at all times to the Rules of Standardbred Racing of the Ontario Racing Commission. I agree and consent to the terms of the Privacy Agreement of Standardbred Canada, a copy of which is published on Standardbred Canada’s website and available to me in print on request. I understand that I must give my consent to the release by Standardbred Canada of my contact information including address and telephone number when such disclosure is not related to Standardbred Canada’s objects and mandate. I hereby consent ( ) OR do not consent ( ).
________________________________________________ ________________________________________________
Signature Date
Employment Contract This employment contract dated this _______ day of _____________________, 2011. BETWEEN:
Licensed trainer name and address (hereinafter referred to as the Trainer “A”)
OF THE FIRST PART -AND-
Apprentice trainer name and address (hereinafter referred to as the “Apprentice”)
OF THE SECOND PART BACKGROUND:
A. The Trainer “A” accepts that the Apprentice seeks the necessary qualifications, experience and abilities to assist and benefit the Trainer “A” in his business.
B. The Trainer “A” desires to employ the Apprentice and the Apprentice has agreed to accept and enter such employment upon the terms and conditions set out in this Agreement.
IN CONSIDERATION OF the matters described above and of the mutual benefits and obligations set forth in this Agreement, the receipt and sufficiency of which consideration is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree hereto that the six (6) months period of this agreement is conditional in the following respects: Duration of Employment
1. Trainer “A” shall have the opportunity to assess performance, attitude, skills and other employment related attributes and characteristics of the Apprentice;
2. Apprentice shall have the opportunity to learn first hand about the position of a trainer licensed to train a public stable;
3. Either party may terminate relationship at any time during the six (6) months period without advance notice or justifiable reason, in which case there will be no continued obligation of the parties to each other, financial or other. Standardbred Canada must be advised immediately upon termination of agreement.
Compensation and Benefits In consideration of the services to be provided the Apprentice, during the term of employment, shall be paid an amount agreed upon by both parties, less applicable statutory deductions in accordance with the Trainer’s standard benefit package.
Duties and Responsibilities The Apprentice shall be employed in the capacity of Apprentice trainer, and the Trainer “A” agrees to mentor the Apprentice in the duties and responsibilities in the areas as set out in Schedule A annexed hereto and forming part of this agreement. These duties and responsibilities may be amended from time to time at the sole discretion of the Trainer “A”, subject to formal notification of same being provided to the Apprentice and Standardbred Canada. The parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed as of the _________ day of _________________ 2011. ______________________________ ___________________________ Trainer “A” ORC/SC Member # ______________________________ ___________________________ Apprentice ORC/SC Member #
Schedule “A” of Apprentice Trainer Contract
Feeding practices
Acquire knowledge of feeding requirements according to horse’s activity Learn about feeds and have them identified in terms of meeting nutritional
requirements Training Program
Maintain a routine training program and learn its affects on horse’s body (joints, heart, lungs)
Learn to identify poor performance due to injury, lameness, etc Learn to maintain records of worming, vaccinations, injury, illness, treatments,
medication, feeding program, shoeing
Safety practices
Must be comfortable with horse Must always have full control of horse at all times Must always be properly equipped to be handling horse (i.e. proper footwear,
safety vest, helmet) Harnessing a Horse
Horse is always groomed prior to being harnessed Approach and safety precautions are always taken Harness equipment is always secure and comfortable to the horse Horse can always be led and restrained according to directions Acquires ability to properly harness a horse using various boots, bits and other
equipment Rate a satisfactory Mile
Equipment is rechecked Control of the horse is maintained at all times Horse is warmed up Apprentice must rate a satisfactory mile in a specified time
After training mile
Equipment is always removed and cleaned Horse is washed and cooled Horse is released
2150 Meadowvale Blvd. Mississauga, ON L5N 6R6
ONTARIO TRAINER APPRENTICESHIP CERTIFICATION The Accreditation Program goals are to:
Develop a curriculum to encourage the highest standards of professionalism and to build a solid foundation for new trainers Develop a program that fosters integrity, commitment and reliability
Please Print.
Part A:
2. ORC/SC Member No:
1. Name
3. Address:
Part B: Accreditation
4. Have you read the Canadian Guide for Standardbred Trainers from Standardbred Canada and the Ontario Racing Commission Rules of Racing and are you familiar with the Canadian Pari-Mutuel Agency “Schedule of Drugs”
Yes No
5. Name the horses you have been responsible for during the course of your apprenticeship program?
6. At which track do you anticipate doing your practical trainer examination?
I guarantee that this form is accurate.
Signature of Apprentice Trainer Date
Part C: To be completed by the Mentoring Trainer
7. Has the apprentice trainer been in your employ for a minimum of six (6) consecutive months? Yes No
Please complete commencement date of employment below.
8. Do you believe that this candidate requires more training in a specific area? Yes No If you have answered “yes” please provide details.
9. I guarantee that Section C is accurate.
Mentoring Trainer Name Mentoring Trainer Signature Date
Have you ever had a licence orregistration certificate of any kindrefused, denied, suspended orrevoked in any jurisdiction? ■
EMPLOYERS OF GROOMS, OCCUPATIONALS OR PARI MUTUELSIf the applicant is not self-employed at the race track the following certificate must be signed by the employer. Failure to comply could result in action against the employer.
The applicant,
is gainfully employed by me at Raceway.
Upon the employee's termination, I shall notify the Commission Agent as to when and why the employee left my employ. I shall also withhold all monies due to the employeeuntil he/she surrenders his/her standardbred licence to me, which I will promptly deliver to the Commission Agent.
/ /
YEARMONTHDAY
04059 (03/2006)
Track Agent's InitialsReceipt No.AmountFORCOMMISSION
USE ONLY
Name of Employer at Race Track (please print) Signature of Employer
I hereby agree to abide by the Rules of Racing of the Ontario Racing Commission (the “Commission”) and to accept and abide by the rulings and decisions of the Commission, the Judgesand Racing Officials, as the case may be, and I consent to the publication of such decisions and rulings to the press and to the public. And I further agree upon the request of the Commissionor the Judges, to be fingerprinted by the duly authorized official of the Commission or the Judges and that my fingerprints may be used and transmitted for identification, investigative andrecord purposes by the Commission and custodians of fingerprint records. I do fully understand that further investigation may be conducted by the Commission and that the Commissionreserves the right to revoke any licence issued on notice.
as required by the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy ActIn conformity with the Racing Commission Act, in order to complete or verify the information provided on this form and to determine eligibility for licensing, it may be necessary for the OntarioRacing Commission (the “Commission”) to collect and receive additional information from some or all of the following domestic and foreign sources: federal, provincial, state or municipallicensing bodies and police services, other law enforcement agencies, sheriff’s offices, the Registrar of Bankruptcy, credit bureau, trust companies, banks, professional and industryassociations, former and current employers, and any government Ministry or Agency. The Commission is required under the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act to protectthe confidentiality of such information in its possession and control and to use the information only for purposes for which it is collected or for consistent purposes. A public official who cananswer questions about the collection and disclosure of information is the Director of the Commission, at the address above.
TO BE ANSWERED BY ALL OWNERS, DRIVERS AND TRAINERS
Drivers and Trainers: Name of principal horse(s)trained or driven.
Owners: Name of horse owned or leased presently racing or which has raced within the preceding 6 months.
Name of your Trainer
If applicant is a shareholder or partner in a stable, what name will the horse be racing under.
If horse is racing under lease, name the lessor(s).
No horse will be accepted for entry at tracks under the jurisdiction of the Ontario Racing Commission unless all persons are licensed pursuant to the Rules.
Permanent Address (number and street, rural route, P.O. Box, apt. number)
Province or State
City, town or village
Last Name First Name Name Normally Used
Car Driver’s Licence or other form of I.D.
Area Code/Telephone Number
Postal Code
Area Code/Fax Number
Sex (X)
■
TO BE LICENSED AS - check (X) box under appropriate Class.
Employer at Track If Groom, name of principal horse groomedType of employment at Track
Type of employment off Track Employer off Track
Contact in case of emergency Telephone Number
Address
Have you ever been found guilty or convicted of an offence in any jurisdiction?(This includes offences where a conditional or absolute discharge has been granted) ■
Do you have any charges pending in any jurisdiction? ■
If your answer is YES, TO ANY of the questions above, is it recorded on file with the O.R.C.? ■
Place Nature of Ruling/Conviction Disposition of Ruling/Conviction
MiddleInitial
/ /
YearMonthDay
Date Received
YearMonthDay
Date of Birth
Pari-mutuelSpouseClaiming
CertificateOccupationalTradespersonGroomDriver
Stable orCorporateManager Trainer
Finger PrintFee
AssociationOfficial
CommissionOfficialVeterinarian
Application must be taken to track for appropriate pricing.Applicants must be active participants in standardbred racing or be actively engaged in their occupation orprofession at a Standardbred race track. False answers given hereon may lead to refusal or cancellation of your licence.
20__Application for Standardbred Licence
(Individual)
HEAD OFFICE USE ONLYORC-SC No.
Fingerprinted
■ExpiresSTATUS (X)■ NEW 20____■ RENEWAL of ______
OntarioRacingCommission
YearMonth
Owner
M F
yearmonthday
yearmonthday
AuthorizedAgent
Signature of Applicant
NoYes
NoYes
NoYes
If no, give details of each conviction and/or ruling.NoYes
Note:
DECLARATION
FRANÇAIS AU VERSO
Area Code/Business Telephone Number
ORC-SC No.
SC or USTA #
Notice and Consent -
Suite 40010 Carlson CourtToronto, OntarioM9W 6L2(416)213-0520
E-mail Address
Recommended Code of Practice forthe Care and Handling of Farm Animals
Horses
(Ç Canadian Agri-Food Research CouncilPrinted 1998
A vailable from
National and Provincial Organizations as listed in Appendix 9.
For information on the process for the developnient of a Code, please write toCanadian Agri-Food Research Council
Heritage House, Building 60Central Experimental FarmOttawa, OntarioK1AOC6
Also available in french
Recommended code of practice forthe care and handling of farm animals
-
'- '-fnl'ì 16 (lÙ ~ ('0~~) Lr-u ~ lS g)
Coordinated by
Canadian Agri-Food Research Council (CAR C)CARC Canada Committee on AnimalsCARC Expert Committee on Farm Animal Welfare and BehaviourCanadian Federation of Humane Societies
Review committee
Participants are listed in Appendix 10
Financial Contributions
Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaCanadian Food Inspection Agency
Cover ilustrationCouitesy of G. Rietveld
ContentsACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................. iv
PREFACE .......................................................................... v
Disclaimer .................................................................... VI
Copyright .................................................................... VI
INTRODUCTION .................................................................... VII
SECTION 1 MANAGEMENT SKILLS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ................................. 11.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11.2 Personnel "":... -.--. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
SECTION 2 SHELTER AND HORSE FACILITIES.............................................. 22.1 Shelter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 22.2 Stables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 Stable Maintenance ....................................................... 2
2.4 Lighting and Ventilation ................................................... 3
2.5 Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
SECTION 3 FEED AND WATER ............................................................ 43.1 Feed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.2 Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
SECTION 4 PASTURESIY ARDS ............................................................ 54.1 Pastures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.2 Fencing/Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.3 Electric Fencing .......................................................... 5
SECTION 5 HANDLING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.2 Tethering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
SECTION 6 HEALTH MANAGEMENT ....................................................... 66.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6
SECTION 7 IDENTIFICA TION .............................................................. 8
7.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8
SECTION 8 REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT ............................................... 88.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 88.2 Stallon Management ...................................................... 9
8.3 Mare Management ........................................................ 9
8.4 Foaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 98.5 Care of the Neonate ....................................................... 9
8.6 Foal Care .............................................................. 10
SECTION 9 FEEDLOTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 109.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 109.2 Feedlot Management ..................................................... 10
9.3 Health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 119.4 Feeding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11
SECTION 10 TRANSPORTATION........................................................... 1210.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1210.2 Vehicles, Trailers and Equipment ........................................... 12
10.3 Loading Density and Headroom ............................................ 13
10.4 Segregation ............................................................ 13
10.5 Loading and Unloading ................................................... 13
10.6 Holding Facilties ........................................................ 13
10.7 Feed, Water and Rest ..................................................... 14
10.8 Injured, Sick and Disabled Horses ........................................... 14
10.9 Precautions in Extreme Weather ............................................ 14
10.10 Commercial Operators .................................................... 15
10.11 Transportation of Horses by Air ............................................ 16
SECTION 11 AUCTION MARKETS AND SALES .............................................. 1611.1 General.. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... ... . .. .. .. ... . . . . .. .. . . . . . ..... 1611.2 Loading and Unloading ................................................... 16
11.3 Feed, Water and Rest ..................................................... 17
11.4 Housing. ... .. . . .. . . . . . . . . ... . .. .. . . .... .. . . . . .. ....... . . . . . . .. . . . ... .. 1711.5 Injured, Sick and Disabled Horses ........................................... 17
11.6 Foals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17
SECTION 12 SLAUGHTER................................................................. 1812.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1812.2 Unloading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1812.3 Special Handling ofInjured, Sick and Disabled Horses .......................... 19
12.4 Holding Facilties ........................................................ 19
12.5 Stunning and Slaughter ................................................... 20
Appendix 1 Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling ofHorses in PMU Operations ....................................................... 21
Appendix 2 Recommended Space Requirements for a 500 kg/l100 lb Horse .......................... 22
Appendix 3 Nutrient Requirements of Horses .................................................. 23
Appendix 4 Reportable Diseases ............................................................ 24
Appendix 5 Body Condition Scoring System for Horses .......................................... 25
Appendix 6 Maximum Loading Density for Loose Horses For Transit ............................... 27
Appendix 7 Guidelines for Dealing with Vehicle Accidents Involving Horses ......................... 29
Appendix 8 Guidelines to Euthanasia of Horses by Firearms ...................................... 31
Appendix 9 Canadian Equestrian Affiliated Provincial Offces ..................................... 32
Appendix 10 List of Participants ............................................................. 33
ii
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ..................................................................... 34
II
Acknowledgments
The Canadian Agri-Food Research Council gratefully acknowledges the many individuals and
organizations who contributed their valuable time, views and expertise to the development of
this Code of Practice. The development of this Code was made possible only through teamwork
and cooperation at the nationalleve/.
iv
PrefaceThe Codes of Practice are nationally developedguidelines for the care and handling of different speciesof farm animals. The Codes contain recommended
housing and management practices for farm animals aswell as transportation and processing.
The Codes of Practice are voluntary and are intended foruse as an educational tool by promoting sound
management and welfare practices. The Codes containrecommendations to assist farmers and others in theagriculture and food sector to compare and improvetheir management practices.
In 1980, the Canadian Federation of Humane Societiesbegan coordinating the process of development of draftCodes of Practice for all farm species with theintroduction of a Recommended Code of Practice forthe Care and Handling of Poultry from Hatchery toSlaughterhouse. The federal Minister of Agricultureand Agri-Food (AAFC) provided financial support forthe undertaking at that time.
All Codes of Practice are presently developed by areview committee with representatives from farmgroups, animal welfare groups, veterinarians, animalscientists, federal and provincial governments, relatedagricultural sectors and interested individuals.
In 1993, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada asked theCanadian Agri-Food Research Council (CARC), itsCanada Committee on Animals and the ExpertCommittee on Farm Animal Welfare and Behaviour totake the lead in co-operation with the Canadian
Federation of Humane Societies in updating existingCodes and developing new Codes. CARC officiallyagreed to take on this responsibility in February 1995,upon confirmation of funding from Agriculture andAgri-Food Canada.
In 1996, CARC with the support of the provincialgovernments began producing four page factsheets inboth English and French for such uses as teaching
agriculture in the classroom, agricultural fairs andexhibitions.
Codes developed to date:
Species Original Revision
Poultry 1983 1989
Pigs 1984 1993
Veal calves 1988 1998
Ranched mink 1988 -
Ranched fox 1989 -
Dairy cattle 1990 -
Beef cattle 1991 -
Sheep 1995 -
Farmed deer 1996 -
Horses 1998 -
Transport (being developed) -
Further information on the process of Code developmentcan be obtained from the Canadian Agri-Food ResearchCouncil (CARC), Heritage House, Building 60, CentralExperimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OC6.
Requests for copies of the Codes can be addressed to thenational commodity group and/or specific provincialorganization.
The CARC Home Page is www.carc-crac.ca for furtherinformation.
v
Disclaimer
Information contained in this publication is subject to
periodic review in light of changing horse management
practices, government requirements and regulations. No
subscriber or reader should act on the basis of any such
information without referring to applicable laws and
regulations and/or without seeking appropriate
professional advice. Although every effort has been
made to ensure accuracy, the review committee shall not
be held responsible for loss or damage caused by errors,
omissions, misprints or misinterpretation of the contents
hereof. Furthermore, the review committee expressly
disclaims all and any liability to any person, whether the
purchaser of this publication or not, in respect of
anything done, or omitted, by any such person in
reliance on the contents of this publication.
VI
Copyright
Copyright (Ç Canadian Agri-Food Research Council
(CARe) 1998. All rights reserved.
This document can only be reproduced in full.
IntroductionHorses have been domesticated for thousands of years.Throughout the world, horses are kept in a wide varietyof situations. Many breeds exist, adapted to a broadrange of environmental conditions. This is true withinCanada, where the commercial and private horseindustries are large and extremely diverse.
This Code does not claim to be comprehensive for allsituations, but endeavours to define high standards forthe basic principles of horse management to be used incommercial, research, education, recreational, sportingand other farm operations. Most sporting and
competitive activities involving horses are conductedunder rules set out by their respective governing bodies.Please refer to the governing body of the particularactivity for information as to rules, regulations and
codes of conduct (Appendix 9).
Animal welfare considerations are important for thekeeping and raising of animals. High standards ofanimal welfare are important legally, have directeconomic benefit and ensure that the Canadian horseindustry has a place in the international market.
Providing competent handling and an environment thatallows horses to fulfil their basic needs are crucialelements in putting this Code into practice. The basicelements of responsible animal care include:
. Comfort and shelter
. Readily accessible potable water and a diet to
maintain animals in full health and vigour
. Opportunity for reasonable movement
· Company of other animals, particularly of like
kind
. Opportunity to exhibit most normal patterns ofbehaviour
. Prevention, or rapid diagnosis and treatment, ofabnormal behaviour, injury and disease
. Emergency procedures to cover outbreaks of
fire, the breakdown of essential mechanicalservices and the disruption of supplies.
This Code of Practice is voluntary. Provincial and
federal acts and their regulations must always takeprecedence. When the word "must" is used, itemphasizes the importance of a specific practice.
The Pregnant Mare Urine (PMU) industry is a uniquesegment of the horse industry. The PMU industry isguided by its Recommended Code of Practice for theCare and Handling of Horses in PMU Operations.This PMU Code is an integral part of the Horse Code;information concerning the PMU Code is included inAppendix 1 of this document.
The recommendations in this Code of Practice are basedon the best knowledge currently available. Werecognize that research into, and evaluation of, variousmanagement and welfare issues, such as the amount ofexercise a horse requires, humane transportation and themost humane method for stunning at slaughter, must besupported. As scientific and technological knowledgeadvances, management procedures wil evolve. We
encourage the pursuit of such knowledge and theadoption of viable handling and management proceduresthat ensure animal welfare.
Vll
Section 1 v Management Skills andResponsibilities
The purpose of this Code of Practice is to promote the welfare of horses. Those involved in the horse industry must makean effort to inform themselves and others in the proper care and handling of horses. This Code of Practice provides aguideline for the care necessary to promote the health and welfare of horses. Detailed information can be found bycontacting provincial agriculture ministries, universities, veterinarians and successful horse owners/breeders.
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.1.5
1.1.6
1.1.7
General
People working with horses must have dueregard for their welfare.
People involved in the horse industry shouldbe aware of the welfare of horses under theircare or the care of others. This may involvereporting cases of cruelty or neglect to theproper authorities, who have the authority tolay charges under federal and provincialregulations.
People involved in the horse industry must beaware of and comply with existingregulations governing the use of horses.
It is the responsibility of people working withhorses to be know ledgeable of the proper careand handling of horses. Ignorance is notacceptable as an excuse for cruelty and
neglect.
Management practices should accommodatethe natural behaviour of horses, such as theirneed to graze and to socialize.
Horses should receive as much exercise andrest as is necessary for their welfare.
Tack and harness should be properly fitted toeach horse to prevent any injury or irritation.
1.2 Personnel
1.2.1 People working with horses must understand
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
and accept responsibility for the welfare ofhorses in their care. Employers have anobligation to train employees with respect tohumane handling and animal care.
Prior to assignment of duties, personnel mustbe adequately instructed in the basic needs ofhorses in their care. A working know ledge ofthe behaviour of horses combined with
adequate facilities are necessary to ensuresafe handling. Procedures must be reviewedand practiced to ensure competency and
safety.
People working with horses should be able toidentify the early signs of distress or disease.
The manager of a horse operation shoulddesign a contingency plan for situations (suchas fire, mechanical failures, floods or shortageof personnel) that might endanger the lives orhealth of the horses on the premises.
Everyone on the premises should be familiarwith the plan and be able to take the properaction in the event of an emergency.
People working with horses should alwaysavoid sudden actions or noise that may startleor frighten horses.
People working with horses should always beaware of the potential danger when workingwith horses and should take precautions toensure their own safety and that of others.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 1
Section 2 v Shelter and Horse FacilitiesThe purpose of this section is to provide information on the basic principles of shelter for horses. Management practicesfor all sectors of the Canadian horse industry have been developed in response to Canada's diverse climatic andgeographic conditions. It is beyond the scope of this Code to describe all shelter and housing facilities used for horsecare and production. Individuals requiring further information should refer to local sources, such as universities,provincial agricultural ministries, veterinarians and successful horse owners/breeders.
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
Shelter
The design and use of shelter facilities shouldpromote the health, well-being and goodperformance of horses throughout all stages oftheir lives. Natural or constructed shelter
areas must offer adequate protection from
adverse weather conditions. All shelter areasshould be structurally safe for horses andpersonneL. Shelter design should facilitateeasy and safe handling. Advice on aspects ofwelfare should be sought when new buildingsare to be constructed or existing ones
modified.
Shelter areas should be located to avoid
adverse effects of predictable natural
occurrences, such as flooding.
Pastures, paddocks and feedlots used duringcold seasons must have adequate windbreaksto reduce the effects of wind chilL.
Stables
Housing facilities should be designed andconstructed to provide for the horse's welfare.
Horses should be provided with a clean, dryarea for lying down. In all types of housingsystems, horses should be free to stand up orlie down comfortably at all times.
Alleyways and box stalls should beconstructed to permit easy access for both
horses and attendants. Horses and attendantsshould be able to move about safely.
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.2.7
2.2.8
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
lb. horse).
Ceilings and support beams in all facilitiesused to house horses should be high enoughto permit horses to have a full range of headand neck motion without touching the ceilingwhen standing with four feet on the floor.
Floors in a horse stable should be properly
designed, constructed and maintained toprovide good traction, proper drainage,comfort and prevent injury.
The design of housing facilities and thematerials used in their construction should
permit thorough cleaning.
Wiring and electrical panels should not beaccessible to horses and must be installed inaccordance with applicable electrical codes.
Stable Maintenance
Stalls should be cleaned frequently and
thoroughly to keep the stable clean, dry andfree from noxious odors i.e. ammonia.
Adequate amounts of suitable beddingmaterial should be provided.
When a deep litter system (see Glossary) isused, the manure pack should be well drainedand enough bedding should be added
regularly to ensure a dry lying area. The deeplitter system is not recommended for enclosedbarns.
2.3.3 Manure should be handled and stored with a
minimal negative impact on the environment.
2.2.4 Stall size should be calculated in relation to 2.3.4 Equipment and services, including feeding
the size and weight of the animal (Appendix utensils, waterers, ventilating fans, heating2 gives space requirements for a 500kg/1100 and lighting units, fire extinguishers and
2 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
2.3.5
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.4.5
2.5
2.5.1
alarm systems should be cleaned and
inspected regularly to ensure that they are
working properly.
Proper storage facilities should be providedfor all equipment so as not to obstruct orendanger horses.
Lighting and Ventiation
Horse stables/housing should be lit to permitthe effective observation of all horses.
Alleyways and work areas should beuniformly iluminated.
Natural light sources should be utilized asmuch as possible in the design of the facility.
Ventilation systems in horse stables/housingshould be capable of maintaining an airchange rate to prevent excessive heat andmoisture levels and to remove major dust andgas contaminants that can be damaging to therespiratory system of horses and humans.
Mechanically ventilated stables should beequipped to introduce and uniformlydistribute fresh air and/or to exhaust foul,moisture-laden air. Stables may beadequately ventilated through the use of airintakes and exhaust openings and/or IIcombination with the use of window and dooropenings to give reasonable air exchange
without creating drafts.
Air movement should not cause discomfort tohorses in the stable.
Safety
All stables/housing should have emergency
Section 3 v Feed and Water3.1 Feed
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.5.6
2.5.7
evacuation capabilities, including more thanone available exit. Stalls should be equippedwith quick release fasteners or some othermeans of easily releasing horses. A halterandlead rope for each horse should be available.
Emergency procedures should be posted andupdated regularly and should include:
a) evacuation procedures for people and
horses;b) a list of emergency telephone numbers;
andc) emergency transportation and housing
an"angements.
Emergency equipment should be installed andshould include:
a) an effective smoke and fire detectionsystem;
b) fire extinguishers rated at least 2A by theUnderwriters Laboratories of Canada; and
c) emergency lighting systems.
Stable owners should consult with their localfire departments and request a site visit toreview their emergency preparedness.
Electrical equipment (e.g. heated waterbowls) should be regularly checked for strayor tingle voltage (see Glossary).
Hay and bedding should be stored in aseparate building, away from horses. Whenhaylofts are built above horse stalls, the loftfloor should be constructed with a fire ratingof not less than 45 minutes.
Horse owners/handlers should be aware thathorses may ingest materials other than normalfeed stuffs. Horses must not be allowed
access to potentially toxic materials such asagricultural chemicals, lead batteries,petroleum products and paints.
adequate for maintaining health. Horses
should be fed on a regular schedule.3.1.1 Horses should receive a daily diet that is
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 3
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.1.5
3.1.6
3.1.7
Diets for all horses should be formulated inaccordance with the current recommendationsof the National Research Council's (NRC)Nutrient Requirements of Horses (Appendix3).
3.1.8
incorporated in their diet or fed free-choice.
All feeds and supplements should be properlylabelled to avoid misuse. Feeds designed forother species, particularly medicated feedsand those containing urea, are not suitable forhorses.
Feed troughs and buckets should be cleanedregularly.
Water
Every horse must have access to a suffcient
supply of potable water to meet its individualmaintenance and activity needs. Manyfa c tor sinfluence water consumption, including airtemperature and humidity, water temperature,body weight, level of activity, diet and healthand physiological status (e.g. pregnant,
lactating or growing). Table 1 gives waterrequirements for horses.
Water troughs/buckets should be located sothat they are protected from fouling and
freezing. Water troughs, buckets and
automatic waterers must be kept clean.Automatic watering systems must be checkeddaily to ensure that they are dispensing waterproperly.
TABLE 1: WATER REQUIREMENTS OF HORSES
Section 4 v Pastures/Yards4.1
4.1.1
Commercial feeds must comply with the FeedRegulations as provided by the Feeds Act ofCanada. 3.1.9
Body weight Water Requirements - litres
MINIMUM AVERAGE MAXIMUM
410 kg (900 Ibs) 13.5 (3.0 gal) 20 (4.5 gal) 27 (6 gal)
545 kg 0200 Ibs) 18 (4.0 gal) 27 (6.0 gal) 36 (8 gal)
680 kg 0500 lbs) 22.5 (5.0 gal) 36 (8.0 gal) 4500 gal)
When horses are fed high-grain (high-energy)diets, attention should be paid to avoidnutrition-related health problems such asgrain overload, laminitis or obesity. Abruptchanges in diet should be avoided.
3.2
3.2.1
Adapted from: Nutrient Requirement of Horses, 5th edition, National Research Council 1989.
All feed components used in the diet shouldbe free of spoilage. Dusts and molds are
harmful to horses.
When horses are fed in groups, enoughmanger space or feeding points should beavailable to minimize competition for feed(Appendix 2). All horses should havesimultaneous access to feeders so that all caneat at one time, unless self-feeding is beingpracticed.
3.2.2
Horses should have access to a source of saltand appropriate minerals. These may be
Pastures 4.1.2 Salt and minerals should be available at alltimes (Appendix 3).
Properly maintained pastures may provide allor most of the nutrient requirements of
Horses on pasture/range should have access tosufficient quantities of good quality feed andpotable water.
4.1.3
4 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
4.1.4
4.1.5
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.1.8
4.1.9
4.2
horses. Supplements should be provided,when necessary, to offset shortfalls in pasturequality and quantity. Pasture grazing has
behavioural benefits.
To prevent digestive and health problems,
horses should be gradually introduced topasture, especially in springtime.
Horses on pasture should be inspected
regularly, paying particular attention duringhigh-risk periods (e.g. seasonal change,
foaling, introduction of new animals to theherd).
Application of fertilizers, pesticides,herbicides and farm manure to pastures mustbe timed and conducted to prevent any risk tograzing animals and the environment.
Pastures and yards should be inspected
regularly for poisonous plants. Environmentalconditions, including flooding and airpollution, can contaminate pastures.
Horses on pasture should have access to awell-drained resting area and to a natural orconstructed shelter for protection from
adverse weather conditions.
Pastures, paddocks and yards should be freeof equipment, machinery, debris and refuse ofall kinds.
Fly and insect populations should be regularlymonitored and appropriate control measuresapplied as needed.
Fencing/Safety
4.2.1 Yards and pastures should be properly fenced
to safely confine horses. The suitability offencing varies according to the disposition of
vSection 5
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
Handling
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
5.1.3
5.1.4
the horses, as well as stocking density andpaddock/pasture size. Fences should form
both a physical and a visible barrier tominimize the potential for injuries.
Fences should be maintained in good repair.Fences and gates should be maintained toprevent horses from gaining access toroadways; perimeter gates should be keptclosed.
Barbed wire and narrow gauge high tensilesteel wire, because of their cutting, non-stretching and non-breaking properties, cancause severe injury to horses. These
materials may be used for fencing inextensive, pasture grazing situations. In
closely-confined paddock situations theyshould be avoided.
Horses should be introduced to unfamiliarfenced areas during daylight hours to reducethe risk of injury.
Electric Fencing
Electric fencing units must be CSA approvedand must be installed and maintainedaccording to the manufacturer'sspecification.
All power units for electric fences must beeffectively grounded to prevent short circuitsand/or electricity being conducted tounwanted places, i.e., gates and watertroughs.
Horses should be supervised when firstintroduced to electric fencing.
capabilities.
A properly equipped handling area should beavailable to facilitate the treatment of horses.
All tack and equipment should be maintainedin good operating condition.
General
Horses should be handled quietly, with careand patience, to avoid injury, pain or distress.
Handling and restraining devices must be usedhumanely and with regard to the horse'snatural movement, temperament and physical
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 5
5.1.5 All halters, leads and lariats and other
materials used to restrain or handle horses
must be equipped with a method of quickrelease in case a horse becomes entangled inthe equipment. Chutes used to restrain horsesshould have break out walls to assist horsesthat go down during handling.
5.2 Tethering
5.2.1 Tethering and hobbling for the purpose ofgrazing is a practice which has a high risk ofinjury to horses. It is not recommended andis strongly discouraged.
vSection 6
6.1
6.1.1
Health ManagementGeneral 6.1.2 Horses on pasture or range should be
inspected regularly, paying particularattention during high-risk periods (e.g.,seasonal change, foaling period, introductionof new animals).
Horses should be inspected frequently toensure that they are healthy. Table 2 givesvital signs for an adult, 545 kg (1200 lb) horseat rest at 15° C. These wil vary according toage, physical fitness and environmental
conditions. Younger horses tend to be at thehigher end of the range.
TABLE 2: VITAL SIGNS FOR A 545 KG (1200 LB) HORSE AT REST AT 15° C
Vital Sign Normal Range Average
Rectal temperature 37.5-38.5 C (99.5-101.3 F) 38.0 C (100 F)
Pulse 23-70 beats/minute 44 beats/minute
Respiration rate 10-14 breaths/minute 12 breaths/minute
Reference: Code of Recommendations and Minimum Standards for the Welfare of Horses - New Zealand 1993
6 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5
6.1.6
6.1.7
6.1.8
6.1.9
In consultation with a veterinarian, people
working with horses should develop a soundhealth care program, appropriate to thefacilities and management system beingfollowed. Increased horse population density
requires greater attention to disease
prevention.
A parasite control program should beestablished in consultation with a veterinarian.This wil include administration ofanthelmintics (dewormers) and manure andpasture management.
Hooves should be trimmed as ofJen as isnecessary to maintain the health of tfie foot.The frequency of hoof trimming wil dependon such factors as age, season, nutrition,management and injury. When a horse isshod, shoes should be properly fitted andmaintained.
Horses' teeth should be examined at leastannually. Uneven wear and abnormalities ofteeth should not be allowed to interfere withnormal eating habits. Dental care will dependon such factors as age, nutrition andmanagement system. Dental care should beperformed by a veterinarian or underveterinary supervision.
When horses require medication, it must beadministered as directed by the veterinarian ormanufacturer. Treated horses should beproperly identified. Only medications
approved for use II horses should be
administered. Strict attention must be paid todosage levels and withdrawal times, either asindicated by the label information or as
recommended by a veterinarian.
Medication must be administered bycompetent and knowledgeable personneL.
A health record, including any treatment ormedication, should be kept for each horse.
Section 7 v Identification
6.1.10
6.1.11
6.1.12
6.1.13
6.1.14
6.1.15
6.1.16
6.1.17
Surgical procedures must be conducted onlyby licensed veterinarians or properly trainedanimal health technicians using accepted
surgical techniques, in accordance withprovincial and federal veterinary acts andregulations.
Horses may be susceptible to transportationstress and disease after transport. Onarrival, new horses should be isolated toprevent the possible spread of disease.Handlers should carefully monitor recentlytransported horses for several days afterlong-distance transport.
Distressed horses should be dealt with
humanely, effectively and promptly toprevent suffering. Sick or injured horses
must receive veterinary treatmentimmediately.
Under no circumstances should severelysick, injured, blind or disabled horses betransported to a livestock auction. Theymay be moved directly to a medical facility,after consultation with a veterinarian, or,with veterinary approval, moved directly toa slaughterhouse.
Severely disabled horses (downers) mustnot be dragged. A veterinarian should beconsulted prior to any attempt to move adowned horse.
Dead horses must be removed and disposedof in an appropriate manner according tomunicipal, provincial and federalregulations.
Suspicion of a reportable disease as definedby the Health of Animals Act (Canadian
Food Inspection Agency) must immediatelybe brought to the attention of a veterinarian(Appendix 4).
Tail docking of horses for cosmetic reasonsis unacceptable.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 7
7.1
7.1.
7.1.2
7.1.3
7.1.4
General
Permanent identification is an essential aspectof the horse industry. It serves as legal proofof ownership and is necessary to maintainadequate health records.
For registered horses, the breed registry wildetermine the acceptable method ofidentification.
Horse owners should use the least invasivemethod of identification that is effective.
The non-invasive identification system mostwidely used is a physical description, usingcolour, markings, breed and position of hairwhorls and scars. Chestnut fingerprinting ispossible but not currently in general use.
Halter tagging, back tagging and neck chainsare other non-invasive methods of temporaryidentification.
7.1.5 Invasive identification techniques include:
Section 8 v Reproductive Management8.1
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.1.3
8.1.4
General
Reproductive management should be based onseveral factors, including size, age, health,
previous performance and genetic potentiaL.
Pasture breeding is an acceptable method ofreproductive management.
Where arlIficial insemination or hand breedingis practiced, proper heat checking and
restraining devices should be available tofaciltate easy and effective heat detection,
veterinary inspection and/or insemination.
Facilities used for hand breeding should ensurethe safety of both horses and handlers. Thisincludes secure footing and adequate ceiling
a) lip tattooing as described II breed
registries;b) micro chips (transponders) - these are
implanted under the skin using a needle.Implantation of this foreign material is notallowed in horses to be used for humanconsumption;
c) plastic ear tags - can be used fort e m p 0 r a r yidentification; and
d) hoof branding - may be used fort e m p 0 r a r yidentification.
7.1.6 Hot and freeze branding of horses producesapermanent mark on the skin. Hot brandingcauses a scar where the hair re-grows in adifferent pattern than on the surroundingski nIn freeze branding, the hair re-grows in alighter colour. Horse organizations are
encouraged to move away from this type ofidentification.
7.1.7 Horses should never be rebranded.Governments and industry are encouraged todevelop a more humane identification systemfor verifying ownership.
height indoors and a safe environment
outdoors.
8.1.5 In natural breeding, the body weight andsize of the stallion must be appropriate tothe size and physical development of themare.
8.1.6 The collection of semen and artificialinsemination should be performed only bytrained personneL. It is recommended that aphantom mare be used as a mount for semencollection. When a mare must be used as amount for semen collection, she must be
8 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
8.2
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
8.3.4
8.3.5
8.4
protected from injury.
Stallon Management
Stallons should be provided with anutritionally balanced diet, balanced diet, basedon body size and activity (Appendix 3).
Stallons should be exercised and given the
opportunity to safely see other horses.
Mare Management
Mares must be provided with a nutritionallybalanced diet prior to breeding, throughout
gestation and during lactation (Appendix 3).
Mares to be bred/inseminated should be
handled as quietly as possible.
Pregnant mares should be allowed to exercise.The amount of exercise during pregnancyshould reflect the activity level prior topregnancy and should in no way threaten thehealth of the mare and/or fetus.
Mares should be managed so that they are insuitable body condition at the time of breedingand foaling. A body condition score of 5 orbetter on the 1-9 scale (Appendix 5) isrecommended.
Mares should be routinely monitored for healthstatus throughout the gestation period. Ahealth program should be designed inconsultation with a veterinarian. This health
program should include prefoaling instructionsfor attendants. Any mare requiring veterinarycare during pregnancy must receive such care.
Foaling
8.4.1 Where a foaling stall or paddock is used, itshould safely confine both mare and foaL. It isrecommended that the mare be given theopportunity to become familiar with the stall,foaling area or paddock several days beforefoaling.
8.4.2 Mares foaling on pasture should be provided
with a clean, hazard free area. Sheltered
foaling areas should be provided when foalingmay coincide with adverse weather conditions.
8.4.3
8.4.4
8.4.5
8.4.6
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
Foaling attendants should be familiar withall the signs of impending parturition
(foaling) and the three stages of parturition(see Glossary). To reduce stress to themare, only one person should be responsiblefor observing the mare.
Mares generally foal without complications.Before administering assistance to a mare,attendants should be familar with the signsof a normal delivery. Mares having
difficulty foaling should be assisted
immediately, preferably by a licensed
veterinarian.
After delivery, the umbilical cord should beallowed to sever on its own.
The use of navel disinfectants should be onthe advice of a veterinarian.
Care of the Neonate
Newborn foals must ingest adequateamounts of colostrum as soon as possibleafter birth, preferably by nursing within thefirst six hours of life. Previously frozen
colostrum should be available in the eventthat foals are unable to nurse, or the mare'scolostrum is unavailable or of poor quality.The newborn foal should consume 250 ml(80z) of colostrum per hour for the firsttwelve hours. Feeding colostrum after 24hours is of limited value.
Foals should be observed regularly(preferably daily) during the first month oflife to ensure that they are adequately
nourished and healthy. If abnormalities areobserved, a licensed veterinarian should beconsulted.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 9
8.5.3
8.5.4
Orphaned foals need specialized care. The bestoption is to foster the foal onto a nurse mare assoon as possible.
If a nurse mare is not available, ensure that thefoal receives adequate colostrum as outlined insection 8.5.1. The foal should then be fed a
foal milk replacer containing 15-18% fat and18-22% crude protein made from milkproducts. For days 2 and 3, the foal should befed a daily volume equal to 10-15% its bodyweight, at a rate of 250-500 mls (8-16 ounces)every 1-2 hours around the clock. Starting onday 4, increase the volume to 20% of bodyweight and adjust the feeding interval to every3-4 hours. Free choice nipple or bucket
feeding is recommended to achieve this levelof intake.
By two weeks of age, the foal should beprovided with a commercial foal ration and ahigh quality hay. Free choice water should beavailable at all times.
Foals should be kept in a warm, dry, well-bedded area.
vSection 9
9.1
9.1.1
9.1.2
9.1.3
FeedlotsGeneral
Feedlots should be designed with the comfortand safety of the horses in mind. The feedlotshould be clean, dry and protected from the
elements.
Feedlots should be properly drained, withparticular attention to feeding and wateringareas. Excessive build up of wet manure mustbe avoided, in keeping with good animal
husbandry practices. Dust control measures
may also be required.
Horses in feedlots should be provided withadequate shelter. Adequate shelter may be anopen-fronted shed or wind-break fencing (20%porosity) to protect horses from prevailing
winds.
9.1.4 A dry, sheltered, elevated resting area shouldbe available at all times.
8.6
8.6.1
8.6.2
8.6.3
9.1.5
9.1.6
9.1.7
Foal Care
A high quality forage and commercial foalration may be made available on a free-c hoi c ebasis by 7 -1 0 days of age to promote normalgrowth and development. After 60 days,mare's milk is not sufficient to meet thenutrient requirements of the foaL.
Foals should be raised outdoors, where
possible. If mares and foals are kept
in d 0 0 r sthe opportunity for regular exercise shouldb eprovided for normal development.
Foals may be weaned from 3-6 months ofagedepending on the health status of both themar eand the foaL. Weaning is stressful for mareandfoal; strategies should be employed tominimize this stress.
An adequate supply of clean, dry beddingshould be available at all times.
A feedlot facility should have properlydesigned and maintained unloading and
loading facilities.
The space allowance for horses housed ingroups should be calculated in relation tothe whole environment, i.e. the size of thegroup, age, sex, weight and behaviour of thehorses.
9.2 Feedlot Management
9.2.1 Horses should be segregated into groupsaccording to age, sex and size. Segregationinto small groups may reduce competitionand disease.
10 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.3
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3
New arrvals at the feedlot should:
:'~.,
a) be identified using an acceptable method;b) initially be isolated from other horses in a
clean, dry, well -bedded area, protected fromthe elements;
c) have access to a supply of potable water.
This supply should be easily identifiable asmany new arrivals may be familiar withnatural water sources only;
d) have free access to good quality hay;e) be gradually introduced to the feedlot
ration; andf) be closely monitored for health status and
for food and water intake.
9.3.4
9.3.5
9.4
9.4.1
9.4.2
9.4.3
9.4.4
9.4.5
information or as recommended by aveterinarian.
Isolation pens should be available toaccommodate sick horses safely andeffectively.
Communicable disease may be a problemamongst feedlot horses. Veterinaryconsultation is recommended to design ahealth progi'ãm that addresses prevention, aswell as diagnosis and treatment.
Feeding
Feedlot horses should be graduallyintroduced to the feedlot ration over a
period of 7-21 days. Overfeeding grain
without proper adjustment can cause
enterotoxemia, colic, diarrhea, laminitis ordeath.
Horses can be fed a ration that includes 60-70% grain. At least three weeks of gradualincrements is required to bring horses up tofull feed. Self-feeding can be used after thistime if adequate quality forage is provided.To avoid the risk of enterotoxemia, it is bestto feed the horses a total mixed ration.
Grain may be fed whole, flaked or rolled.Finely-ground grain is not recommended.
Good quality, non-moldy, dust free hayshould be available free choice at all timesor fed as part of the total mixed ration.Good quality silage can be used in a totalmixed ration.
Salt, minerals and vitamins are normallyincorporated into the concentrate portion ofthe diet. Salt and minerals may be providedfree choice. The total ration should bebalanced in accordance with NRCrequirements (Appendix 3).
Adequate feeder space should be provided toreduce competition for feed. Less space is
required if horses are on a self-feeding
program.
Water must be available at all times.Automatic, heated waterers are recommendedto ensure a constant source of water. Waterersmust be checked daily.
Health
Any horse requiring medical treatment must beidentified, treated and a record of the treatmentkept.
When horses are treated, strict attention mustbe paid to dosage levels and withdrawal timeseither as indicated by label information or asrecommended by a veterinarian.
A parasite control program must be establishedin consultation with a veterinarian because
most anthelmintics (dewormers) are notlicensed for use in horses intended for humanconsumption. This may include manure andpasture management. Strict attention must bepaid to the dosage and withdrawal times ofdewormers, either as indicated by label
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 11
Section 10 v Transportation10.1
10.1.1
10.1.2
10.1.3
10.1.4
10.1.5
10.1.6
10.1.7
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
General
Each person involved in the preparation ofhorses for transport and in the transporting ofhorses by any mode should be knowledgeableabout horse behaviour, adhere to the principlesof animal welfare and comply with appropriateregulations.
The handler should have easy access to eachhorse.
The driver is responsible for the continued careand welfare of the horses during transport.
Drivers should start, drive and stop theirvehicles as smoothly as possible. They shouldpractice defensive driving to avoid sudden
stops. Drivers should negotiate turns in thesmoothest possible manner.
The transportation of horses from point oforigin to a final destination should be
completed as safely and as quickly as possible.
Each load should be checked before departureand periodically during transportation. Duringroadside inspection, the driver should evaluateall animals for signs of discomfort. When thewelfare of horses is likely to be compromiseddue to further transpoit, the situation must bepromptly corrected.
Transportation is recognized as a potentialstress to horses. Horses stressed by transportshould be closely observed for several days forsigns of il health.
Vehicles, Trailers and Equipment
Vehicles used to transport horses shouldprovide for the safety of horses and personnelduring transport.
Vehicles should:
10.2.3
10.2.4
10.2.5
10.2.6
,. --...::-..
a) permit easy loading and unloading;
b) be properly constructed and maintained,with proper cover to protect againstextreme weather conditions;
c) be free from insecure fittings or thepresence of bolt heads, angles or otherprojections;
d) be properly ventilated. A method mustbe available to adjust the ventilationfrom outside the loaded trailer toaccommodate a change in weather orunplanned delay in unloading; and
e) be free from engine exhaust fumes
entering the trailer or container.
Vehicles should be cleaned and sanitizedregularly to prevent the spread of diseaseand allow for regular evaluation of floorintegrity.
Provisions must be made for drainage orabsorption of urine. Horses transported inexcess of 12 hours must be bedded withstraw, wood shavings or other absorbentbedding materiaL. Bedding should be usedto enhance and ensure the security offooting during transportation. Vehicle
floors must provide for secure footing.
Vehicle doors and internal gates should bewide enough to permit horses to passthrough easily and without risk of injury.
Vehicles used to pull trailers or to carryhorses must be appropriate for the safemovement of the load. Vehicles used topull trailers must have sufficient power tosmoothly accelerate the unit and sufficientbraking ability to stop safely.
10.3 Loading Density and Headroom
10.3.1 Horses must be provided with enough floorspace in a vehicle or container to ensure that
12 0 Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
10.3.2
10.3.3
10.3.4
10.3.5
they are not crowded in a way that is likely tocause injury or discomfort (Appendix 6).Evaluation of the trailer for suffcient spacemust be made prior to loading horses.
When the vehicle is not full, horses should besafely partitioned into smaller areas to providestabilty for the horses and the vehicle.
Each animal must be able to assume a naturalstance standing with four feet on the floor andhave a full range of head and neck motionwithout touching the deck or roof of the
vehicle or container. As a guide, it is
recommended that there be at least 2.5 cm (1in) of clearance for each hand of horse heightat the withers.
Halters and shanks must be removed fromhorses immediately if they restrict breathing orotherwise cause discomfort.
Handlers must pay special attention to preventhorses' heads from coming into contact withthe deck while moving from the upper to thelower deck of a possum belly trailer, and whileexiting the trailer.
10.4 Segregation
10.4.1
10.4.2
10.4.3
10.5
10.5.1
Different species and animals of significantlydifferent age or weight must be partitionedseparately from each other when transported.Small or young horses must be partitionedseparately from mature horses.
Suckling foals must be transported in the samecompartment as their dams and must beseparated from other animals.
Mature stallions, aggressive horses and animalsincompatible by nature must be partitionedseparately from other horses.
Loading and Unloading
Horses should not be rushed during loadingand unloading. In a new situation or location,all normal, healthy horses are alert and
investigative. Consequently, every change or
10.5.2
10.5.3
10.5.4
10.55
10.5.6
10.57
10.6
10.6.1
10.6.2
10.6.3
disturbance in surroundings, such as noises,breezes, sudden movement of objects and/orflashes of light, should be avoided. Abruptmovements by drivers and loaders shouldalso be avoided.
The loading/unloading surface should belevel with the vehicle floor. Self-aligning
docks are recommended if the loadingsurface and the vehicle surface are not leveL.A loose horse should not be required to stepforward up or down a step of more than 25cm (10 in). If backing a loose horse out intoan unfamiliar environment or unloading
area, the horse should not be required tostep up a step of any height nor down a stepof more than 15 cm (6 in).
Horses familiar with trailering can safelynegotiate a single step of 38 cm (15 in).
No gap should exist between the ramp, itssides, and the stationary vehicle to beloaded.
If a handler leads a horse into a vehicle,
there must be an avenue of escape for thehandler.
The use of electric prods for handlinghorses is not acceptable.
All alleys and ramps should be properly
illuminated. Harsh contrast in lightingshould be avoided.
Holding Facilties
All places where horses are temporarily
assembled for sale, show, transport, feed,water and rest, slaughter, or for any otherreason must have sufficient facilities for thesafe loading, unloading and holding ofhorses (refer to Section 2, Shelter and HorseFacilities ).
In all places where horses are housed andhandled, the walls and doors must be free ofprojections and the floors must havesuitable traction. Horses must haveprotection from inclement weather.
Areas where horses are housed must have
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses () 13
10.7
10.7.1
10.7.2
10.7.3
10.7.4
10.7.5
10.7.6
sufficient ilumination during normal
operations to allow the animals to be easilyinspected.
Feed, Water and Rest
Horses destined for long trips (more than 24hours) must be fed, watered and rested for notless than five hours prior to starting theirjourney. Resting horses, when compatible bynature, should be able to move freely in a wellbedded, protected environment. Horses restingmust be put in a facility with access to suitablefeed and potable water.
During transport, horses (excluding weanlingfoals) should not be without feed and water forlonger than 24 hours. This time may only beexceeded if they will reach their finaldestination without being confined longer than30 hours. (It is acknowledged that this is morerestrictive than the regulations made under theHealth of Animals Act, a federal statute.)
During transport, weanling foals should not bewithout feed and water for longer than 8 hours.
Any person transporting horses is obliged toplan long-distance trips taking intoconsideration the availability and location offacilities where horses may be unloaded, fed,watered, and cared for in a humane manner.Facilities must provide protection fromextreme weather conditions.
Nursing foals with dams should be allowed anopportunity to nurse undisturbed at least everyeight hours. Mares with nursing foals should
be provided with appropriate feed and waterevery 12-18 hours during transportation.
Prior to reloading a vehicle, the interior of thevehicle should be inspected, bedding added andother corrective measures taken to assure
continued safe transportation.
10.8 Injured, Sick and Disabled Horses
10.8.1
10.8.2
Only horses fit to travel should be consideredfor transportation, unless special precautionsare taken to ensure that they do not suffer.
Animals identified in distress or injured or
disabled during transport must be attendedto at the first opportunity.
10.8.3 Injured, sick and disabled horses should be
unloaded in a way that causes them the leastamount of suffering.
10.8.4 In the case of a vehicle accident or roadsideemergency, immediate action should betaken to minimize suffering of animals
(Appendix 7).
10.8.5 Severely disabled horses (downers) must
not be dragged. A veterinarian must beconsulted prior to any attempt to move adowned horse. In conditions where there islittle hope of recovery, horses should beeuthanised on the vehicle or, with veterinaryapproval, taken immediately for slaughter.
10.8.6 Pregnant mares must not be transported if
they are likely to give birth during the
Journey.
10.8.7 Blind horses should be haltered, handled
individually and transported only withfamiliar pen mates or with a compatible
horse.
10.9 Precautions in Extreme Weather
10.9.1 Horses must be protected from exposure to
severe weather conditions duringtransportation.
10.9.2 In extreme or rapidly changing weather,
horses should be inspected frequently forsigns of discomfort or distress from
exposure.
10.9.3 In the event of vehicle breakdowns, trafficaccidents or other delays duringtransportation, appropriate action is requiredto ensure the welfare of horses (Appendix7).
10.9.4 During winter travel:
a) increasing stocking density and beddingis not an alternative to proper protectionfrom the external environment;
b) all horses must be protected from wind
14 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
during transportation to prevent wind chiland freezing; and
c) precautions should be taken to protect foals.They must be kept dry and provided with anadequate supply of bedding.
10.9.5 During hot and humid weather, precautionsmust be taken to avoid stress or death causedby the combination of high temperature and
high humidity. For transportation duringhot/humid weather:
a) sufficient ventilation must be availablebecause horses maintain body temperatureunder heat stress by evaporative cooling;
b) horses must not be transported wearing
blankets and/or hoods;c) whenever possible, journeys during hot,
humid periods should be avoided;d) necessary movements should be scheduled
at night and/or prior to the heat of the day;e) periods of intense traffic congestion should
be avoided;
f) vehicles containing horses should not be
parked in direct sunlight. When it isnecessary to stop, the duration of the stopshould be minimized to prevent the build upof heat inside the vehicle;
g) loading density for loose horses should bereduced (Appendix 6);
h) the journey should begin immediately afterhorses have been loaded; and
i) unloading of horses should be accomplishedpromptly, on arrival at their destination.
10.10 Commercial Operators
10.10.1 Shippers and consignors are responsible for:
a) hiring only qualified transporters, who areknowledgeable of the proper care and
handling of horses during transportation andhave appropriate equipment;
b) ensuring that all individual horses tenderedfor transport are fit to be transported;
Section 11 v Auction Markets and Sales
c) ensuring proper loading and unloadingtechniques are used;
d) ensuring the assembled load iscompatiblewith the intended vehicle; and
e) providing the driver with a method tocontact them in the event of an
emergency.
10.10.2 Particular care should be exercised when
using possum belly trailers for horsetransport. This style of livestock trailerprohibits easy access to individual animalsif they become injured or disabled duringtransport.
10.10.3 When using possum belly trailers:
a) strict adherence to headroom andrecommended loading densities isrequired;
b) each animal must be observed prior toloading to assure soundness and generalhealth necessary to complete the
intended trip;c) rail (trailer decking material) not in
current use must be securely stowed,
preferably external to the animal holdingcompartments;
d) handlers must pay special attention toprevent horses' heads from coming intocontact with the deck while moving intoor out of the upper or lower decks; and
e) internal ramps should have solid sidescontinuous to the floor to prevent
slipping off the side of the ramp.
10.11 Transportation of Horses by Air
10.11.1 Information on the shipment of horses by
air is contained in the International Air
Transport Association' s (lATA), LiveAnimals Regulations. Copies can be
subscribed from the Customer ServicesRepresentative, International Air TransportAssociation, 2000 Peel Street, Montreal;Quebec, H3A 2R4.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 15
11.1 General
11.1.1 All provincial and federal acts and regulations
governing all aspects of auction markets mustalways take precedence. Personnel workingwith horses should be instructed in acceptable,humane handling techniques. Educationalmaterial should be developed to ensure thatemployees are aware of existing legislation.Horses should be moved through facilities withpatience and as quietly as possible to reducestress and minimize the risk of injury.
11.2 Loading and Unloading
11.2.1 Facilities should be routinely inspected toremove hazards, such as holes in flooring,broken boards and bars, protruding pieces ofangle iron, nails or long bolts around the chuteand corrals.
11.2.2 Horses generally move toward light. To
encourage the safe and efficient movement ofhorses, adequate and appropriate lighting isrequired around alleys, loading ramps and theentrance to transport vehicles. Lamps shouldnot be shone directly into horses' eyes.Diffused lighting should be used. Harshcontrasts in lighting should be avoided.
11.2.3 One way gates that prevent horses fromreversing direction are recommended.
11.2.4 Secure footing for all horses must bemaintained.
11.2.5 Drive-through loading/unloading (seeGlossary) facilities are recommended.
11.2.6 Loading ramps, chutes and other holding
facilities should be constructed of solidmaterials which can be easily cleaned andshould be well maintained.
11.2.7 Ramps (permanent and portable) should:
a) be strong and solid;b) provide safe footing; andc) have sides high enough to prevent horses
from falling or jumping off.
11.2.8 Chutes or ramps should be about 76 cm (30
in) wide to allow horses to move in singlefile. Movement of loose horses is moreeasily accomplished if the alleys and rampshave no sharp turns that could impede
movement or cause injury. Chute designshould allow for a gradual curve with nomore than a 15° bend. The walls of chutesand ramps should be solid. The inside wallshould be made slightly lower so that theanimals can see the tops of the heads ofhorses in front of them.
11.2.9 Concrete ramps should be stairstep design
with adequate grooving in the concrete.
11.2.10 Wooden ramps require square cleats 3.8-5.0 cm (1.5-2 in) attached to the ramp every20 cm (8 in). Hardwood or square steeltubing should be used for cleats.
11.2.11 Angles of elevation of loading and
unloading docks should not exceed 25° and
must not exceed 45°. Elevated loading andunloading docks should be at least 1.5 m (5ft) wide and the top of the dock should belevel with the vehicle floor.
16 0 Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
11.2.12 During loading or unloading of vehicles,loading docks must always be aligned. Smallgaps can catch or trip horses, resulting in injury(refer to section 10.5.2).
11.2.13 If loose horses are backed off a vehicle, thedown ramp should remain a constant widthuntil the horse achieves level footing. Horsesbacking down a ramp should not be allowed toattempt to turn around on an incline.
11.2.14 Loose horses should not be unloaded directlyinto long alleyways. The animals unloaded
first wil move to the end of the alley andhorses unloaded later wil have a tendency tobolt to rejoin the previously unloaded group.Every effort should be made to control thespeed of horses being unloaded.
11.2.15 Drains should be installed outside the alleyway. Horses may balk and refuse to walk overdrain grates in the middle of the floor or alleys.
11.2.16 All commercial unloading facilities mustprovide an appropriate area suitably equippedfor cleaning vehicles during all seasons. Inwinter, wet bedding can freeze to form anuneven, dangerous surface. Wet bedding
should be removed from the vehicle after eachwinter trip.
11.3 Feed, Water and Rest
11.3.1 Potable water must be provided from the time
of arrivaL. Horses must receive feed if they areto remain longer than 5 hours. Foals must haveaccess to feed and water at all times.
11.3.2 Horses held for more than 24 hours must be
provided with adequate feed and water whichcannot become contaminated. The facilitymust have sufficient bedded floor space for allhorses to lie down at the same time.
11.4 Housing
11.4.1 Facilities should be routinely inspected toremove hazards such as holes in flooring,broken boards and bars, protlUding pieces ofangle iron, nails or long bolts.
11.4.2 All handling/holding facilities should be
cleaned regularly and supplied with fresh
11.4.3
11.4.4
11.4.5
11.4.6
11.4.7
11.5
11.5.1
11.5.2
11.5.3
11.6
11.6.1
bedding.
Floors of all pens should be paved orconcrete and should be properly scored ortreated to prevent slipping. Floors must begraded gently to provide drainage and toallow proper cleaning. The slope of thefloor in individual holding units should bebetween 2° and 4°. Drainage grates, whererequired, should be at the side of the pens.
Adequate protection from adverse weathermust be provided for all horses, especiallyfoals.
Overcrowding should be avoided.
A range of pen sizes should be available tominimize the need to mix various types andsizes of horses. In larger pens, adjustable
dividing gates should be used to reduce
mixing of horses.
Every horse that is a potential danger toother horses should be segregated
immediately.
Injured, Sick and Disabled Horses
All horses should be inspected on arrival atthe auction market. Any signs of abuse,neglect or injury should be reported to theappropriate authority.
Non-ambulatory horses (downers) must notbe unloaded until examined by aveterinarian. Downers must not be dragged.In conditions where there is little hope ofrecovery, non-ambulatory horses should beeuthanised on the trailer or, with veterinaryapproval, taken directly for slaughter.
Distressed and injured horses should be heldseparately in appropriate pens and mustreceive veterinary attention.
Foals
Foals less than 3 months old must not beaccepted for sale, unless accompanied bytheir dams.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 17
11.6.2 Foals must have access to feed and water at alltimes.
Section 12 v Slaughter12.1
12.1.1
12.1.2
12.1.3
12.1.4
12.1.5
12.1.6
12.1.7
12.2
12.2.1
General
No food animal shall be handled in a mannerthat subjects the animal to avoidable distress orpain (Meat Inspection Act).
All personnel working with horses should beinstructed in acceptable, humane handlingtechniques. The selection and training of thepersonnel are the most important factors inensuring humane slaughter.
Operators of slaughter facilities are responsiblefor humane preslaughter handling and for thehumane stunning and slaughter of horses ontheir premises.
It is the responsibility of federal and provincialinspectors to monitor the humane handling andslaughter of horses.
Violations of humane handling andtransportation regulations, such asovercrowding, careless exposure to inclementweather or other circumstances that result insuffering, should be reported immediately toplant management, inspectors and otherauthorities.
Slaughter horses imported from the USAcannot be unloaded in Canada for feed, waterand rest. They must reach their finaldestination prior to unloading. Transportersmust assure that the total duration of the tripdoes not exceed 36 hours.
Horses held for more than 24 hours must beprovided with adequate feed and water whichcannot become contaminated. The facilitymust have sufficient bedded floor space for allhorses to lie down at the same time.
Unloading
Unloading should take place as soon as
possible after arrival at the plant. The packer,
11.6.3 Foals must have adequate protection fromadverse weather conditions at all times.
the trucker and the veterinary inspector
should consult to prevent unnecessary
delays.
12.2.2 Unloading facilities that wil not causeinjury to horses must be provided.
12.2.3 Vehicles and docks should always be
aligned. There should be no gaps betweenthe vehicle and the bottom and sides of theplatform.
12.2.4 Facilities should be inspected routinely toremove hazards such as holes in flooring,broken boards and bars, protruding piecesof angle iron, nails or long bolts.
12.2.5 Horses generally move toward light. To
encourage the safe and efficient movementof horses, adequate and appropriate lightingis required around alleys, loading ramps andthe entrance to transport vehicles. Lampsshould not be shone directly into horses'eyes. Diffused lighting should be used.
Harsh contrasts in lighting should beavoided.
12.2.6 One-way gates that prevent horses fromreversing direction are recommended.
12.2.7 Secure footing for all horses should beprovided and maintained.
12.2.8 Loading ramps, chutes and holding faci litiesshould be constructed of solid materialswhich can be easily cleaned and maintained.
12.2.9 Ramps should:
a) be strong and solid;b) provide safe footing; andc) have sides high enough to prevent horses
from falling or jumping off.
12.2.10 Chutes or ramps should be about 76 cm (30
in) wide to allow horses to move in single
18 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
file. Handling of loose horses is more easily
accomplished if the alleys and ramps have nosharp turns that could impede movement orcould cause injury to the horses. Chute designshould allow for a gradual curve with no morethan a 15° bend. The walls of chutes and rampsshould be solid. The inside wall should be
made slightly lower so that the animals can seethe tops of the heads of the horses ahead ofthem.
12.2.11 Concrete ramps should be of stairstep designwith adequate grooving in the concrete.
12.2.12 Wooden ramps require square cleats 3.8-5.0cm(1.5-2 in) attached to thè ramp every 20 cm (8in). Hardwood or square steel tubing should beused for cleats.
12.2.13 Angles of elevation of loading and unloadingdocks should not exceed 25° and must notexceed 45°. Loading and unloading docks
should be at least 1.5 m (5 ft) wide and the topof the loading dock should be level with thevehicle floor.
12.2.14 During unloading of vehicles, loading docksmust always be aligned. Small gaps can catchor trip horses, resulting in injury (refer to
section 10.5.2 on loading and unloading).
12.2.15 Drains should be installed outside the alleyways. Horses may balk and refuse to walkover drain grates in the middle of the floor oralleyways.
12.2.16 Commercial unloading facilities must providean appropriate area, suitably equipped, forcleaning vehicles during all seasons. In winter,wet bedding can freeze to form an uneven,
dangerous surface. Wet bedding should be
removed from the vehicle after each wintertrip.
12.2.17 Injured animals or animals unable to move
(downers) must not be unloaded and must beseen immediately by a veterinarian. Downerhorses should be euthanised on the trailer.
12.2.18 Odours and noise originating in the slaughterarea may deter horses from moving.Procedures should be in place to minimize
these deterrents.
12.3 Special Handling of Injured, Sick andDisabled Horses
12.3.1 All horses that are obviously sick, injured ordisabled must be separated immediately
from healthy horses. Special segregation isrequired for horses found to be unfit duringantemortem inspection.
12.3.2 Special facilities must be provided for theunloading and conveyance of crippledhorses directly into the plant. Downersmust not be dragged.
12.3.3 Animals unable to move (downers) must be
seen immediately by a veterinarian.Downer horses should be euthanised on thetrailer.
12.3.4 Facilities should be available to permitconveyance to the kil floor of animals
slaughtered on a transport vehicle.
12.4 Holding Facilties
12.4.1 Sufficient pen space must be provided to
prevent overcrowding, to permit necessarysegregation of horses and to enable allhorses to lie down.
12.4.2 Every holding area must be adequately
ventilated to minimize distress to the horsesand to prevent excessive accumulation ofodours.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 19
12.4.3
12.4.4
12.5
12.5.1
Each holding pen must provide access topotable water. Water heaters must be providedto prevent drinking water from freezing.
Antemortem inspection facilities must beprovided and must include a restraining device.Such devices must provide protection againstinjury for both the animals and the inspectors.Adequate lighting must be provided.
Stunning and Slaughter
No horses shall be slaughtered without firstbeing rendered unconscious by a properlytrained person using an approved, humane
method. Shooting is the preferred method.
12.5.2
12.5.3
12.5.4
Hoisting of conscious horses is ilegaL.
Stunning pens should be designed and
constructed to accommodate a single horseandto permit easy and safe stunning.
Stunning systems must be well maintainedandused only by operators who are properlytrained and have the ability to apply suchsystems so that unconsciousness of theh 0 r s e sresults immediately.
20 0 Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 1 v Recommended Code ofPractice for the Care andHandling of Horses in PMUOperations
The Pregnant Mare Urine (PMU) industry developed its Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling ofHorses in PMU Operations in 1990. The code was developed by an eight member committee comprised of veterinarians,animal scientists, producers and Wyeth-Ayerst company representatives. The code was endorsed by the Ministers ofAgriculture of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta and the Commissioner of Agriculture of North Dakota.
The code was reviewed and revised in 1993 and again in 1995. A third review and revision was carried out in June of1996 and the revised code has now been reprinted, again with the endorsement of the four jurisdictions alreadymentioned.
Because of the specialization of the PMU industry and the uniqueness of its code, the PMU Code is not printed in itsentirety in this document. If you wish to receive a copy of the PMU Code, please contact:
Manitoba Department of Agriculture545 University CrescentWinnipeg, ManitobaR3T 5S6
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses 0 21
Appendix 2 v Recommended SpaceRequirements for a 500 kg/ 11 00 Ib horse
Requirements 500 kg 1100lbs
Stall sizes:
- box 3m x 3m to 3.6m x 3.6m 10' x 10' to 12' x 12'
- foaling (box) 3m x 3m to 3.6m x 3.6m 10' x 10' to 12' x 12'
- tie (incl. manger) 1.5m x 3.6m - 3.8m 4'-5' x 8' - 9'
Watering Facilities:- space requirements 1 bowl /20 horses 1 bowl /20 horses- water used (daily) 40litres 10 gallons
Grain Feeders:
(individual grain boxes)- length 30 to 60 cm 12 - 24"- width 20 to 40 cm 12 - 16"
- depth 15 to 30 cm 6 - 12"
- throat height 60 to 90 cm 24 - 36"
Hay Feeders:(individual manger)- length 60 to 90 cm 24 - 36"- width 50 to 60 cm 20 - 24"- depth 60 to 76 cm 24 - 30"- throat height 60 to 106 cm 24 - 42"
Barn Facility Alleys 3 m (minimum) 10' (minimum)
Pasture Gates 3.6 m (minimum) 12' (minimum)
Stall Doors 1.2 m or wider 4' or wider
COITals:- for runs 95 m2 / horse 1000 ft2 / horse- for working pens 20 m2 / horse 250 fe / horse
Open Front Sheds 7.5 m2 to 9 m2 / horse 80 to 100 fe / horse
Adapted from: Horse Handling FacilitiesFebruary, 1997
Alberta AgricultureFood and Rural Development, Publishing Branch700-113 StreetEdmonton, Alberta T6H 5T6
22 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 3 v Nutrient Requirements ofHorses
To obtain information from the National Research Council on the nutrient requirements of horses, refer to the following:
Nutrient Requirements of HorsesFifth Edition, 1989National Academy PressWashington, D.C.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 23
Appendix 4 v Reportable Diseases
For the purpose of Section 2 of the Health of Animals Act, the following reportable diseases may affect horses:
Anthrax
Brucellosis
Contagious Equine Metritis
Dourine
Equine Infectious Anaemia
Equine Piroplasmosis
Glanders
Rabies
Tuberculosis
Vescular Stomatitis
Source: Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Reportable Diseases Regulations, February, 1991.
24 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 5 V Body Condition ScoringSystem for Horses
SCORE DESCRIPTION
1 POOR Extremely emaciated. Spinal vertebrae, ribs, tailhead and point of thehip and buttock are prominent. Bone structure of withers, shouldersand neck easily noticeable. No fat can be felt anywhere.
.e
2 VERY THIN Emaciated. Slight fat covering over base of spinal vertebrae, transverseprocesses of lumbar vertebrae feel rounded. Spinal vertebrae, ribs,tailhead, point of hips and buttocks are prominent. Withers, shouldersand neck structure faintly evident.
3 THIN Fat built up about halfway on spinal vertebrae, transverse processescannot be felt. Slight fat cover over ribs. Spinal vertebrae and ribseasily discernible. Tailhead prominent, but individual vertebrae cannotbe visually identified. Point of hip appears rounded, but easily seen.Point of buttock evident. Withers, shoulders and neck accentuated.
4 MODERATELY Slight ridge along the back. Faint outline of ribs visible. TailheadTHIN prominence depends on confirmation, fat can be felt around it. Point of
hip not evident. Withers shoulders and neck not obviously thin.
5 MODERATE Back leveL. Ribs cannot be visually distinguished but can be easily felt.Fat around tailhead beginning to feel spongy. Withers appear roundedover spinal vertebrae; shoulders and neck blend smoothly into body.
6 MODERATE TO May have slight ridge along back. Fat over ribs feels spongy. FatFLESHY around tailhead feels soft. Fat beginning to be deposited along the sides
of the withers, behind the shoulders and along the sides of the neck.
7 FLESHY May have crease down back. Individual ribs can be felt, but noticeablefilling between ribs with fat. Fat around tailhead is soft. Fat depositedalong withers, behind the shoulders and along the sides of the neck.
8 FAT Crease down back. Difficult to feel ribs. Fat around tailhead very soft.Area along withers filed with fat. Area behind shoulder filled in flush.Noticeable thickening of neck fat deposited along inner buttocks.
9 EXTREMELY Obvious crease down back. Patchy fat appearing over ribs. Bulging fatFAT around tailhead, along withers, behind shoulders and along neck. Fat
along inner buttocks may rub together. Flank filled in flush.
Adapted from: Henneke et aI., Equine Veterinary Journal: 371-372 (1983)
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 25
CONDITION SCORE SYSTEM
Tailhead
Creasedownback
Alongtheneck
Alongthe
withers
Diagram of areas emphasized in condition
Ribs
Behind the
shoulder
26 0 Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 6 v Maximum Loading DensityFor Loose Horses For
Transit** Stocking densities wil be less in smaller trailers (less than 8 feet wide)
80..f! ./V
-,7" 20,,--PO ~ ~l/ .2j'f 18 ~
:i0'16 .!el~
14 0:i
100:¡o.e~CI:i0'~!Ii:s::ioQ.
90~~P"
.-~v/'V
60 V
/r70 l//' ..el
12 Q.CI
~10 ~
E:iE'2:E
~iiis:elo
v50 j'"
..~.~i-
40
~~!f
8~30
400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600Individual Horse Weight (pounds)
1800
6
2000
- Trailer Density -= Area per Horse
Figure I Maximum recommended stocking density (Imperial) for loose loaded horses in body condition score5. Floor density on the left axis and area per horse on the right. Thin horses in body condition score i to 3require more space per horse. Reduce loading density i 0- i 5% for hot humid conditions.
60 ,..... //~ -- ..-' .. /- f"
.2V .. ..-- V ./y~..V~ :.
~~../.t:!1
11
i 55~'":iC' 50~i:i:~ 45.:~~ 40Q)
Cl..Q)~ 35
I-
~10 ~
~'":i
9 K-¡oIJ
8 Q;a.'"Q)
7 ~E:iE6 .¡:~
30
200 250 300 350 400 450Individual Foal Weight (pounds)
500 550
5
600
_ Trailer Density -= Area per Foal
Figure 2 Maximum recommended Stocking Density (Imperial) for loose loaded foals in body conditionscore 5. Reduce stocking density 10-15% for hot humid conditions.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses 0 27
i:.~ 350Qlo..~'§ 300i-
/'i~//,¡r/'
~-p~ir,,~~'
~~~//-- 2 ~..Ql
EQl
1.75 ..et:iC"-!Ql
1.5 ~0:i..Ql
1.25c.etQl..c(E
1 :i.êi:~
500
~..Ql
E 450~et:iC".! 400oi.i~
..//';./~",V
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Individual Horse Weight (kg)850
0.75950
- Trailer Density -s Area Per Horse
Figure 3 Maximum recommended stocking density (Metric) for loose loaded horses in body condition score 5. Floor density onthe left axis and area per horse on the right. Thin horses in body condition score I to 3 require more space per horse. Reduceloading density 10- i 5% for hot humid conditions.
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2800.5
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Figure 4 Maximum recommended Stocking Density (Metric) for loose loaded foals in body condition score 5. Reduce loadingdensity i 0- i 5% for hot humid conditions.
Source: T. Whiting
Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)269 Main Street, Federal BuildingWinnipeg, ManitobaR3C 1 B2
28 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 7 v Guidelines for Dealing withVehicle Accidents InvolvingHorses
General:The ability to handle horses is a skil which is not common among the general public. A good citizen with this specializedability should provide assistance in emergency situations as necessary.
PROCEDURE
Provision of Assistance to Police and Emergency Personnel:
1. Horse owners and handlers present at motor vehicle accidents involving horses should provide assistance to policeor emergency personnel who are attending the accident and are legally responsible for management of the site.The judgement and common sense of experienced horse handlers may have a very positive influence in thesesituations.
2. Horse handlers should employ procedures which facilitate the safe and efficient handling of horses.
3. Always ensure that emergency officials have the site under control before presenting yourself as available to assist.Inform police or emergency officials of any special training or experience that you have which is applicable tothe situation and await instruction from the attending officers.
If first to arrive at the accident site:
1. Remember human health and safety should be your primary concern. Provide first aid to the driver and otherpeople involved in the vehicle accident.
2. Evaluate the whole situation and try to identify the types and numbers of horses involved, and the most expedientresponse.
3. Always deal with loose, mobile horses first. Expect horses to be frightened, disoriented and excited. Frightenedhorses are unpredictable and may react instinctively by running. If possible, allow them to calm down beforetrying to move them. It is very important to remain calm and quiet. Take your time and be patient. Stay alert asyou may need to move quickly. Always have an escape route for yourself. If possible, seek the assistance ofanother experienced animal handler when attempting to deal with or move large or excited horses.
4. Once the loose horses have quietened down, advise all people involved:
a) DO NOT shout or wave arms wildly.
b) DO NOT approach an animal from directly in front unless absolutely necessary, e.g. assisting injured people.
c) Direct the movement of horses to a safe area. The horses should be moved slowly and in a group away fromtraffic areas. Horses may be temporarily penned with portable fencing such as crowd control barrers thatpolice can bring quickly. Barriers which wil stand alone can be assembled to adapt to the area. Otherpossibilities are snow fencing, vehicles, yellow police tape or a combination of materials.
d) Approach horses slowly from the rear half of the animal, and slightly to one side. If using crowd control
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 29
barriers, stand behind the barriers and gradually decrease the area by pushing forward and walking behind.The barriers can also be used to create a chute or funnel to guide the horses. Once you are in the animal'spersonal space or flght zone (up to 15 feet from the animal) it wil move forward. Move back outside theflght zone to stop forward movement. If you enter the flght zone too deeply or too quickly, the animal wiltry to run.
5. Deal with loose conscious, badly injured horses second. Advise spectators to stay away. Injured horses are less
likely to struggle to their feet if left alone. Euthanasia may be considered the most humane action. If unsure,consult with a veterinarian and/or the driver and owner if available (Appendix 8).
6. Live animals must be removed from the disabled vehicle before it is righted or moved in any way. Live animalsshould be transferred to a new conveyance for transport from an accident site. Dead animals should be removedfrom the truck and injured animals assessed.
Animals released from the truck must be contained or they wil create a traffc hazard which may endanger humanlife. Various means may be used to handle the release of animals from the truck or trailer.
Access to horses, when trailers are lying on their sides, can be accomplished by removing the roof of the trailer.The roof can normally be cut away with equipment routinely carried by highway Emergency Response Teams.
A second truck may be backed up to the damaged truck and animals transferred directly. Use gates or temporaryfencing to prevent animals from escaping.
Horses trapped in the trailer can vary in extent of injury. Every effort should be made to protect horses fromfurther injury and to minimize the suffering of animals not likely to recover.
7. To quiet a struggling injured animal which is lying down (e.g. with broken limbs), place a heavy cover over its
eyes, leaving the nostrils exposed, and press down lightly on the neck just behind the head with a knee. Approachthe animal from the back in order to stay clear of the feet.
8. Comatose horses are not aware of any pain and may be left to last. Horses lying down having seizures or paddlingtheir legs may have serious head injuries. Unless these horses show signs of regaining consciousness, such aslifting the head, looking about or trying to rise, they may be left.
9. If a comatose animal does not blink when the clear part of the eye at the comer is touched, it may be dead. Check
for breathing by positioning yourself at the animal's back, near the shoulder, and place a hand on the chest.
10. Euthanasia of moribund and severely injured animals, unlikely to recover can be effectively accomplished witha firearm (Appendix 8).
Source: Adapted from Vehicle Accidents Involving Livestock, Halton Regional Police Service (Ontario), 1996.
30 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 8 o Guidelines for Euthanasiaof Horses by Firearms
IntroductionAll animals that need to be killed must receive a quick and painless death. The following brief guideline is intended to assist personswho must perform this unpleasant task.
General ConsiderationsFor a horse to receive a humane death it must be rendered immediately unconscious and go on to die without regaining consciousness.Therefore most recommended methods of euthanasia involve agents that affect the brain very rapidly. Shooting, although aestheticallyunpleasant, is a humane method of killing provided that the shot penetrates the brain and does significant damage. To ensure thatthis occurs, the weapon used must be fired with the muzzle placed close to the horse's head, pointing in the required direction. Thehorse should be adequately restrained to ensure proper placement of the shot. Knowledge of the anatomy is essentiaL.
Shooting a horse should only be done by persons well versed in handling firearms and licensed to use firearms and only injurisdictions that allow for firearm use. In emergency situations on site police agencies should be involved. Safety to personnel andthe general public must be considered. The procedure should be performed outdoors in a location away from public access. It mustbe noted that although a horse shot correctly is instantly unconscious, there may be convulsive thrashing and muscle spasms for someseconds after the shot.
The preferred firearm for humanely shooting a horse from close range is a shotgun. A 410 gauge is ideal, however a larger gaugemay be used. At close range, any weight of shot is acceptable. The balTel of the firearm should be 3 to 5 centimeters (1-2 inches)from the head if using a shotgun. if using a high powered rifle (e.g. .308, .223) the distance may be increased and still be effective.The use of a pistol may be satisfactory, however permanent complete brain dysfunction may not be accomplished with light pistols(e.g. police .38). If a light pistol, .22 caliber rimfire rifle or a captive bolt is used to render the animal unconscious, the animal's deathmust be assured by a second means such as exanguination. If using a high powered rifle or pistol, the projectile may pass throughthe horse's head. Thus the direction of shooting must be considered.
Guideline for Horses, Mules and DonkeysThese animals should be haltered to control the head and led to the desired location. It is essential to aim the shot above the eyes asthe brain is high in the upper part of the skulL. The bullet should enter the skull at a point where an imaginary line crosses from theeyes to the ears. The direction of the shot should be down toward the withers.
Adapted from: J. (AI) Longair, Gordon G. Finley, Marie-AndréeLaniel, Clayton MacKay, Ken Mould, Ernest D. Olfert, HarryRowsell, and Allan Preston. 1991. Guidelines for euthanasia ofdomestic animals by firearms. Can. Vet. J. (32) December.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 31
Appendix 9 V
Canadian Equestrian Federation1600 James Naismith Drive
Gloucester, OntarioKIB 5N8
Horse Council of B.c.5746 B 176A StreetCloverdale, B.C.V3C4C7
Alberta Equestrian Federation8989 Macleod Trail South WestSuite 210Calgary, AlbertaT2HOM2
Saskatchewan Horse Federation2205 Victoria AvenueRegina, SaskatchewanS4P OS4
Manitoba Horse Council200 Main StreetWinnipeg, ManitobaR3C4M2
Canadian EquestrianAffiliated Provincial
Offices * *
Ontario Equestrian Federation1185 Eglinton Avenue EastNorth York, Ontario
M3C 3C6
Fédération Equestre du Québec4545 Pierre de CoubertinP.O. Box 1000, Station MMontreal, QuebecHIV 3R2
New Brunswick Equestrian Association479 Model Farm RoadRothesay, New BrunswickE2G lL2
Nova Scotia Equestrian Federation5516 Spring Garden Road, 4th FloorP.O. Box 3010 SouthHalifax, Nova ScotiaB3J 3G6
P.E.I. Horse CouncilP.O. Box 1887Charlottetown, P.E.I.CIA 7N5
Newfoundland Equestrian AssociationP.O. Box 272, Station CSt. John's, NewfoundlandAIC 5J9
** This list is by no means conclusive. You may also wish to contact a local or national association.
32 \' Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
Appendix 10 v List of ParticipantsRepresentatives of the following organizations provided input at various stages in the drafting of this code.However, the code does not necessarily have the unequivocal endorsement of any agency.
Organization Representative
Alberta Agriculture L. Burwash
Animal Welfare Foundation J. Quine, D.V.M.
Canadian Food Inspection AgencyAnimal Health Division
Meat & Poultry Products Division
T. Whiting, D.V.M.G. Doonan, D.V.M.1. Kirk, D.V.M.
Canadian Council on Animal Care J. Wong, D.V.M.
Canadian Federation of Humane Societies J. RipleyF. Rodenburg
Canadian Veterinary Medical Association A.K. Preston, D.V.M.
Nova Scotia Equestrian Federation J. Porter
Ontario Ministry of Agiiculture, Foodand Rural Affairs
P. Lawlis (Chair/Secretary)
Ontario Society for the Prevention ofCruelty to Animals
M.Cole
The participants would like to thank the hundreds of individuals who gave input into the development of thisdocument.
Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses \' 33
Glossary of Terms:Container A box or crate that is constructed for the shipment of horses and that can be moved
independently from one mode of transportation to another.
Deep Litter System Over winter, soiled bedding and manure are not removed. Instead dry, fresh bedding materialis added at a rate which provides a clean, dry place for resting. The accumulated "pack"provides insulation from the cold.
Drive Through Unloading An enclosed corral system where low riding single level trailers can be driven into and theanimals released directly into the enclosure.
Horse For the purposes of transport, horse is taken to mean all members of the family Equidae,including horses, ponies, mules, hinnies, and donkeys.
Loose Loading The practice of loading groups of horses in a single compartment of a transportation vehicle.
Loose Horse When applied to transport any animal handled without a halter and lead.
Possum Belly Trailer A specialized commercial livestock trailer designed with multiple levels and internal ramps toallow animals to be carried in two tiers or layers in the vehicle.
Potable Ice free, uncontaminated water, fit for animal consumption.
Slaughter Those processes related in humanely converting a live animal into a safe wholesome product forhuman consumption.
Stages of Parturition 1 si stage _ behavioural and physiological stage leading into the second stageSigns: filling of udder, waxing of teats, relaxing of vulva, restlessness,discomfort, tail elevation, defecation, urination
2nd stage- passage of the fetus through birth canalSigns: rupture of water bag, fetus enters birth canal (10-60 minutes),
abdominal contractions, expulsion of fetus
3rd stage - delivery of placentaSigns: mild colic, uneasiness, rolling, etc. (1/2 - 3 hours)
Tethered Horse A horse stationary, or in motion (i.e. on a vehicle) where movement is controlled by a restraininghalter and lead.
Tingle Voltage Also known as "stray" voltage, tingle voltage is a known problem in farm animal production.It can occur when a voltage differential exists between two points (metal structures and eitherfloor or earth) that may be touched at the same time by an animaL.
Transponder A small electronic device which generates a specific electromagnetic signaL.
Vehicle Any means used to transport horses, including trucks, tractor-trailers, railway cars, ferries andaircraft.
Wind Chil A measure of the combined chilling effect of wind and temperature.
34 Ó Recommended Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Horses
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law
sL
i The
Soc
iety
may
pas
s su
ch b
y-la
ws,
not
con
trar
y to
law
, as
it co
nsid
ers
nece
ssar
y fo
r th
econtrol and management of
its a
ffai
rs a
nd th
e ca
rrin
g ou
t of
its o
bjec
t. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 7 (
1).
App
rova
lil No by-law of
the
Soci
ety
is v
alid
or
shal
l be
acte
d up
on u
ntil
it ha
s be
en a
ppro
ved
by a
majority of
the votes cast in accordance with the by-laws of
the
Soci
ety
at a
n an
nual
or
spec
ial g
ener
alm
eetin
g. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 7 (
2).
Ann
ulm
ent
il The Lieutenant Governor in Council may annul any by-law of the Society. R.S.O. 1990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 7
(3)
.
Pow
ers ~ T
he S
ocie
ty,
(a)
may
acq
uire
and
hol
d as
a p
urch
aser
, don
ee, d
evis
ee o
r le
gate
e, o
r in
any
oth
er c
apac
ity, a
nyinterest in real estate;
(b)
may
acc
ept,
rece
ive
and
ho I
d gi
fts,
beq
uest
s or
sub
scri
ptio
ns o
f pe
rson
al e
stat
e;
(c)
may
gra
nt, l
ease
, bar
gain
for
, mor
tgag
e, s
ell,
assi
gn o
r ot
herw
ise
disp
ose
of a
ny o
f its
rea
l or
pers
onal
est
ate;
(d)
may
ere
ct, c
onst
ruct
, equ
ip a
nd m
aint
ain
such
bui
ldin
gs a
nd w
orks
as
it co
nsid
ers
advi
sabl
efo
r its
pur
pose
s; a
nd
(e)
may
do
all s
uch
othe
r m
atte
rs a
nd th
ings
as
it co
nsid
ers
advi
sabl
e fo
r ca
rrin
g ou
t its
obj
ect.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 8
.
Exe
mpt
ion
of p
rope
rty
from
taxa
tion
2. The lands and buildings of
the
Soci
ety
are
exem
pt f
rom
taxa
tion
exce
pt f
or lo
cal i
mpr
ovem
ents
and school purposes so long as they are held, used and occupied for the purposes of
the
Soci
ety.
R.S
.O.
1990
, c. 0
.36,
s. 9
.
Proh
ibiti
ons
re h
oldi
ng o
ut a
s So
ciet
y, a
ffiia
ted
soci
ety
1! N
o co
rpor
atio
n or
oth
er e
ntity
, oth
er th
an th
e So
ciet
y or
an
affi
iate
d so
ciet
y, s
hall,
(a)
hold
itse
lf o
ut a
s be
ing
the
Soci
ety
or a
n af
flia
ted
soci
ety
havi
ng a
utho
rity
und
er th
is A
ct; o
r
http
://w
ww
.e-l
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/s
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/11/
2011
Ontario Society for the Prevention of
Cru
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O_
1990
, c. 0
.36
Page
4 of 16
(b)
use
the
nam
e "h
uman
e so
ciet
y", "
soci
ety
for
the
prev
entio
n of
cru
elty
to a
nim
als"
or
"spc
a" o
rthe equivalent of
any of
thos
e na
mes
in a
ny o
ther
lang
uage
, alo
ne o
r in
com
bina
tion
with
any
othe
r w
ord,
nam
e, in
itial
or
desc
ript
ion.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 6
.
Exc
eptio
nil Despite clause (i) (b), a corporation or other entity that was an affliated society on April 3,
2008
may
con
tinue
to u
se th
e na
me
"hum
ane
soci
ety"
, "so
ciet
y fo
r th
e pr
even
tion
of c
ruel
ty to
ani
mal
s"or "spca", or the equivalent of any of
thos
e na
mes
in a
ny o
ther
lang
uage
, alo
ne o
r in
com
bina
tion
with
any
othe
r w
ord,
nam
e, in
itial
or
desc
ript
ion,
eve
n if
it is
no
long
er a
n af
flia
ted
soci
ety.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 6
.
Inspectors and agents
Pow
ers
of p
olic
e of
fcer
lL For the purposes of
the enforcement of
this
Act
or
any
othe
r la
w in
for
ce in
Ont
ario
pert
aini
ng to
the
wei
fare
of o
r th
e pr
even
tion
of c
ruel
ty to
ani
mal
s, e
very
insp
ecto
r an
d ag
ent o
f the
Soci
ety
has
and
may
exe
rcis
e an
y of
the
pow
ers
of a
pol
ice
offc
er. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 7 (
i).
Insp
ecto
rs a
nd a
gent
s of
aff
iiate
sil Every inspector and agent of an affiliated society who has been appointed by the Society or by
the
Chi
ef I
nspe
ctor
of
the
Soci
ety
may
exe
rcis
e an
y of
the
pow
ers
and
perf
orm
any
of
the
dutie
s of
an
insp
ecto
r or
an
agen
t of
the
Soci
ety
unde
r th
is A
ct a
nd e
very
ref
eren
ce in
this
Act
to a
n in
spec
tor
or a
nagent of
the
Soci
ety
is d
eem
ed to
incl
ude
a re
fere
nce
to a
n in
spec
tor
or a
gent
of
an a
fflia
ted
soci
ety
who
has been appointed by the Society or by the ChiefInspector of
the
Soci
ety.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 7
(2)
.
Loc
al p
olic
e po
wer
sil In any part of Ontario in which the Society or an affliated society does not function, any
police officer having jurisdiction in that part has and may exercise any of
the
pow
ers
of a
n in
spec
tor
oragent of
the
Soc
iety
und
er th
is A
ct. R
.S.O
. i 9
90, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 11
(3).
Iden
tific
atio
nil An inspector or an agent of the Society who is exercising any power or performing any duty
under this Act shall produce, on request, evidence of
his
or h
er a
ppoi
ntm
ent.
2008
, c. i
6, s
. 7 (
3).
Inte
rfer
ing
with
insp
ecto
rs, a
gent
sil
No
pers
on s
hall
hind
er, o
bstr
uct o
r in
terf
ere
with
an
insp
ecto
r or
an
agen
t of
the
Soci
ety
in th
epe
rfor
man
ce o
f hi
s or
her
dut
ies
unde
r th
is A
ct. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 7 (
3).
OB
LIG
AT
ION
S A
ND
PR
OH
IBIT
ON
S R
E C
AR
E O
F A
ND
HA
RM
TO
AN
IMA
LS
Sta
ndar
ds o
f car
e fo
r an
imal
s!L Every person who owns or has custody or care of an animal shall comply with the
pres
crib
ed s
tand
ards
of
care
with
res
pect
to e
very
ani
mal
that
the
pers
on o
wns
or
has
cust
ody
or c
are
of.
2008
, c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Exc
eptio
nil Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of,
(a)
an a
ctiv
ity c
arre
d on
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith r
easo
nabl
e an
d ge
nera
lly a
ccep
ted
prac
tices
of
agri
cultu
ral a
nim
al c
are,
man
agem
ent o
r hu
sban
dry;
or
(b)
a pr
escr
ibed
cla
ss o
f an
imal
s or
ani
mal
s liv
ing
in p
resc
ribe
d ci
rcum
stan
ces
or c
ondi
tions
, or
pres
crib
ed a
ctiv
ities
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Sam
e il Subsection (1) does not apply to,
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
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tatu
tes/
engl
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ela
ws
_sta
tute
s _9
0036
_ e.
htin
10/1
1/20
11
Ontario Society for the Prevention of ClUelty to Animals Act; R_S_O. 1990, c_ 0,36
Pag
e 5
of 1
6
(a)
a ve
teri
nari
an p
rovi
ding
vet
erin
ary
care
, or
boar
ding
an
anim
al a
s pa
rt o
f its
car
e, in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith th
e st
anda
rds
of p
ract
ice
esta
blis
hed
unde
r th
e V
eter
inar
ians
Act
;
(b)
a pe
rson
act
ing
unde
r th
e su
perv
isio
n of
a ve
teri
nari
an d
escr
ibed
in c
laus
e (a
); o
r
(c)
a pe
rson
act
ing
unde
r th
e or
ders
of
a ve
teri
nari
an d
escr
ibed
in c
laus
e (a
), b
ut o
nly
in r
espe
ct o
fw
hat t
he p
erso
n do
es o
r do
es n
ot d
o in
fol
low
ing
thos
e or
ders
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Proh
ibiti
ons
re d
istr
ess,
har
m to
an
anim
alC
ausi
ng d
istr
ess
1. N
o pe
rson
sha
ll ca
use
an a
nim
al to
be
in d
istr
ess,
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
,Pe
rmitt
ing
dist
ress
il N
o ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
of
an a
nim
al s
hall
perm
it th
e an
imal
to b
e in
dis
tres
s. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Tra
inin
g, p
erm
ittin
g an
imal
s to
fig
htil
No
pers
on s
hall
trai
n an
ani
mal
to f
ight
with
ano
ther
ani
mal
or
perm
it an
ani
mal
that
the
person owns or has custody or care of
to f
ight
ano
ther
ani
maL
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Ow
ning
ani
mal
fig
htin
g eq
uipm
ent,
stru
ctur
esil
No
pers
on s
hall
own
or h
ave
poss
essi
on o
f eq
uipm
ent o
r st
ruct
ures
that
are
use
d in
ani
mal
figh
ts o
r in
trai
ning
ani
mal
s to
fig
ht. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Har
min
g la
w e
nfor
cem
ent a
nim
als
il No person shall harm or cause harm to a dog, horse or other animal that works with peace
offc
ers
in th
e ex
ecut
ion
of th
eir
dutie
s, w
heth
er o
r no
t the
ani
mal
is w
orki
ng a
t the
tim
e of
the
harm
.20
08, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Exc
eptio
nl. Subsections (I) and (2) do not apply in respect of,
(a)
an a
ctiv
ity p
erm
itted
und
er th
e F
ish
and
Wild
life
Con
serv
atio
n A
ct, 1
997
in r
elat
ion
to w
ildlif
ein
the
wild
;
(b)
an a
ctiv
ity p
erm
itted
und
er th
e F
ish
and
Wild
life
Con
serv
atio
n A
ct, 1
997
or th
e F
ishe
ries
Act
(Can
ada)
in r
elat
ion
to f
ish;
(c)
an a
ctiv
ity c
arri
ed o
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
rea
sona
ble
and
gene
rally
acc
epte
d pr
actic
es o
fag
ricu
ltura
l ani
mal
car
e, m
anag
emen
t or
husb
andr
y; o
r
(d)
a pr
escr
ibed
cla
ss o
f an
imal
s or
ani
mal
s liv
ing
in p
resc
ribe
d ci
rcum
stan
ces
or c
ondi
tions
, or
pres
crib
ed a
ctiv
ities
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Sam
e il Subsections (i) and (2) do not apply to,
(a)
a ve
teri
nari
an p
rovi
ding
vet
erin
ary
care
, or
boar
ding
an
anim
al a
s pa
rt o
f its
car
e, in
accordance with the standards of
prac
tice
esta
blis
hed
unde
r th
e V
eter
inar
ians
Act
;
(b)
a pe
rson
act
ing
unde
r th
e su
perv
isio
n of
a v
eter
inar
ian
desc
ribe
d in
cla
use
(a);
or
(c)
a pe
rson
act
ing
unde
r th
e or
ders
of
a ve
teri
nari
an d
escr
ibed
in c
laus
e (a
), b
ut o
nly
in r
espe
ct o
fw
hat t
he p
erso
n do
es o
r do
es n
ot d
o in
fol
low
ing
thos
e or
ders
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Vet
erin
aria
ns' o
blig
atio
n to
rep
ort
1. Every veterinarian who has reasonable grounds to believe that an animal has been or is being
abused or neglected shall report his or her belief
to an inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety.
200
8, c
. 16,
htt:/
/ww
w.e
-Iaw
s.go
v.on
.ca/
htm
l/sta
tute
s/en
glis
h/el
aws_
stat
utes
_900
36_e
.htm
lOll
lI201
i
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O, 1
990,
c. 0
_36
Page 6 of 16
s,8,
PRO
TE
CT
ION
OF
AN
IMA
LS
BY
SO
CIE
TY
Insp
ectio
n -
plac
es u
sed
for
anim
al e
xhib
it, e
nter
tain
men
t, bo
ardi
ng, h
ire
or s
ale
1. An inspector or an agent of the Society may, without a warrant, enter and inspect any
build
ing
or p
lace
use
d fo
r an
imal
exh
ibit,
ent
erta
inm
ent,
boar
ding
, hir
e or
sal
e, e
ither
alo
ne o
rac
com
pani
ed b
y on
e or
mor
e ve
teri
nari
ans
or o
ther
per
sons
as
he o
r sh
e co
nsid
ers
advi
sabl
e, in
ord
er to
dete
rmin
e w
heth
er th
e st
anda
rds
of c
are
pres
crib
ed f
or th
e pu
rpos
e of
sec
tion
i 1.1
are
bei
ng c
ompl
ied
with
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Dw
elln
gsil
The
pow
er to
ent
er a
nd in
spec
t a b
uild
ing
or p
lace
und
er th
is s
ectio
n sh
all n
ot b
e ex
erci
sed
toen
ter
and
insp
ect a
bui
ldin
g or
pla
ce u
sed
as a
dw
ellin
g ex
cept
with
the
cons
ent o
f th
e oc
cupi
er. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Acc
redi
ted
vete
rina
ry f
acilt
ies
il T
he p
ower
to e
nter
and
insp
ect a
bui
ldin
g or
pla
ce u
nder
this
sec
tion
shal
l not
be
exer
cise
d to
ente
r an
d in
spec
t a b
uild
ing
or p
lace
that
is a
n ac
cred
ited
vete
rina
ry f
acili
ty. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Tim
e of
ent
ryil
The
pow
er to
ent
er a
nd in
spec
t a b
uild
ing
or p
lace
und
er th
is s
ectio
n m
ay b
e ex
erci
sed
only
betw
een
the
hour
s of
9 a
.m. a
nd 5
p.m
., or
at a
ny o
ther
tim
e w
hen
the
build
ing
or p
lace
is o
pen
to th
epu
blic
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Pow
ers
on in
spec
tion
il An inspector or an agent of the Society conducting an inspection under this section may,
(a)
dem
and
the
prod
uctio
n fo
r in
spec
tion
of a
rec
ord
or th
ing
that
is r
elev
ant t
o th
e in
spec
tion;
and
(b)
exam
ine
a re
cord
or
thin
g th
at is
rel
evan
t to
the
insp
ectio
n. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
War
rant
- p
lace
s us
ed f
or a
nim
al e
xhib
it, e
nter
tain
men
t, bo
ardi
ng, h
ire
or s
ale
l1 A justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
may
issu
e a
war
rant
aut
hori
zing
one
or
mor
einspectors or agents of
the
Soci
ety
nam
ed in
the
war
rant
to e
nter
a b
uild
ing
or p
lace
spe
cifi
ed in
the
war
rant
, eith
er a
lone
or
acco
mpa
nied
by
one
or m
ore
vete
rina
rian
s or
oth
er p
erso
ns a
s th
e in
spec
tors
or
agen
ts c
onsi
der
advi
sabl
e, a
nd to
insp
ect t
he b
uild
ing
or p
lace
and
do
anyt
hing
aut
hori
zed
unde
r se
ctio
nI 1
.4 if
the
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
or p
rovi
ncia
l jud
ge is
sat
isfie
d by
info
rmat
ion
on o
ath
that
,
(a)
an in
spec
tor
or a
n ag
ent o
f th
e So
ciet
y ha
s be
en p
reve
nted
fro
m e
nter
ing
or in
spec
ting
the
build
ing
or p
lace
und
er s
ectio
n i 1
.4; o
r
(b) there are reasonable grounds to believe that an inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
will
be
prev
ente
d fr
om e
nter
ing
or in
spec
ting
the
build
ing
or p
lace
und
er s
ectio
n i 1
.4. 2
008,
c, 1
6,s.
8.
Tel
ewar
rant
í. If an inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
belie
ves
that
it w
ould
be
impr
actic
able
to a
ppea
rpe
rson
ally
bef
ore
a ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
to a
pply
for
a w
arra
nt u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(i),
he o
r sh
e m
ay, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
regu
latio
ns, s
eek
the
war
rant
by
tele
phon
e or
oth
er m
eans
of
tele
com
mun
icat
ion,
and
the
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
or p
rovi
ncia
l jud
ge m
ay, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
regu
latio
ns, i
ssue
the
war
rant
by
the
sam
e m
eans
. 200
9, c
. 33,
Sch
ed. 9
, s. 9
(2)
.
Whe
n w
arra
nt to
be
exec
uted
http
://w
ww
.e-l
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/
stat
utes
l eng
lishl
ela
ws
_sta
tute
s _9
0036
_ e.
litm
10/l 11201 i
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Page 7 of 16
il E
very
war
rant
issu
ed u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(i)
or (
1.1)
sha
ll,
(a)
spec
ify
the
times
, whi
ch m
ay b
e at
any
tim
e du
ring
the
day
or n
ight
, dur
ing
whi
ch th
e w
arra
ntm
ay b
e ca
rrie
d ou
t; an
d
(b)
stat
e w
hen
the
war
rant
exp
ires
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
; 200
9, c
. 33,
Sch
ed. 9
, s. 9
(3)
.
Ext
ensi
on o
f tim
eil A justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
may
ext
end
the
date
on
whi
ch a
war
rant
issu
ed u
nder
this
sec
tion
expi
res
for
no m
ore
than
30
days
, upo
n ap
plic
atio
n w
ithou
t not
ice
by th
e in
spec
tor
or a
gent
nam
ed in
the
war
rant
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 8
.
Oth
er te
rms
and
cond
ition
sil A warrant issued under this section may contain terms and conditions in addition to those
prov
ided
for
in s
ubse
ctio
ns (
i) to
(3)
as
the
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
or p
rovi
ncia
l jud
ge c
onsi
ders
adv
isab
lein
the
circ
umst
ance
s. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 8.
Ent
ry w
here
ani
mal
is in
dis
tres
sW
arra
nt.! If a justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
is s
atis
fied
by
info
rmat
ion
on o
ath
that
ther
ear
e re
ason
able
gro
unds
to b
elie
ve th
at th
ere
is in
any
bui
ldin
g or
pla
ce a
n an
imal
that
is in
dis
tres
s, h
e or
she may issue a warrant authorizing one or more inspectors or agents of
the
Soci
ety
nam
ed in
the
war
rant
to e
nter
the
build
ing
or p
lace
, eith
er a
lone
or
acco
mpa
nied
by
one
or m
ore
vete
rina
rian
s or
oth
erpe
rson
s as
the
insp
ecto
rs o
r ag
ents
con
side
r ad
visa
ble,
and
insp
ect t
he b
uild
ing
or p
lace
and
all
the
anim
als
foun
d th
ere
for
the
purp
ose
of a
scer
tain
ing
whe
ther
ther
e is
any
ani
mal
in d
istr
ess.
200
8, c
. 16,
s.9.
TeI
ewar
rant
il Ifan inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
belie
ves
that
it w
ould
be
impr
actic
able
to a
ppea
rpe
rson
ally
bef
ore
a ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
to a
pply
for
a w
arra
nt u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(i),
he o
r sh
e m
ay, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
regu
latio
ns, s
eek
the
war
rant
by
tele
phon
e or
oth
er m
eans
of
tele
com
mun
icat
ion,
and
the
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
or p
rovi
ncia
l jud
ge m
ay, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
regu
latio
ns, i
ssue
the
war
rant
by
the
sam
e m
eans
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Whe
n w
arra
nt to
be
exec
uted
il Every warrant issued under subsection (1) or (2) shall,
(a)
spec
ify
the
times
, whi
ch m
ay b
e at
any
tim
e du
ring
the
day
or n
ight
, dur
ing
whi
ch th
e w
arra
ntm
ay b
e ca
rred
out
; and
(b)
stat
e w
hen
the
war
rant
exp
ires
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.E
xten
sion
of t
ime
il A justice of the peace or provincial judge may extend the date on which a warrant issued under
this
sec
tion
expi
res
for
no m
ore
than
30
days
, upo
n ap
plic
atio
n w
ithou
t not
ice
by th
e in
spec
tor
or a
gent
nam
ed in
the
war
rant
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Oth
er te
rms
and
cond
ition
sil A warrant issued under subsection (i) or (2) may contain terms and conditions in addition to
thos
e pr
ovid
ed f
or in
sub
sect
ions
(i)
to (
4) a
s th
e ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
con
side
rsad
visa
ble
in th
e ci
rcum
stan
ces.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Imm
edia
te d
istr
ess
- en
try
with
out w
arra
ntil Ifan inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
has
reas
onab
le g
roun
ds to
bel
ieve
that
ther
e is
an
http
://w
ww
_e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
m1l
stat
utes
/eng
lish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/11/
2011
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Page 8 of 16
anim
al th
at is
in im
med
iate
dis
tres
s in
any
bui
ldin
g or
pla
ce, o
ther
than
a d
wel
ling,
he
or s
he m
ayen
ter
the
build
ing
or p
lace
with
out a
war
rant
, eith
er a
lone
or
acco
mpa
nied
by
one
or m
ore
vete
rina
rian
sor
oth
er p
erso
ns a
s he
or
she
cons
ider
s ad
visa
ble,
and
insp
ect t
he b
uild
ing
or p
lace
and
all
the
anim
als
foun
d th
ere
for
the
purp
ose
of a
scer
tain
ing
whe
ther
ther
e is
any
ani
mal
in im
med
iate
dis
tres
s. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Acc
redi
ted
vete
rina
ry f
acilt
ies
il T
he p
ower
to e
nter
and
insp
ect a
bui
ldin
g or
pla
ce u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(6)
shal
l not
be
exer
cise
dto
ent
er a
nd in
spec
t a b
uild
ing
or p
lace
that
is a
n ac
cred
ited
vete
rina
ry f
acili
ty. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Def
initi
on -
imm
edia
te d
istr
ess
il For the purpose of
subs
ectio
n (6
),
"im
med
iate
dis
tres
s" m
eans
dis
tres
s th
at r
equi
res
imm
edia
te in
terv
entio
n in
ord
er to
alle
viat
e su
ffer
ing
or to
pre
serv
e lif
e. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Aut
horiz
ed a
ctiv
ities
Insp
ect a
nim
als,
take
sam
ples
, etc
.lb
An
insp
ecto
r or
an
agen
t of
the
Soci
ety
or a
vet
erin
aria
n, w
ho is
law
fully
pre
sent
in a
build
ing
or p
lace
und
er th
e au
thor
ity o
f an
y pr
ovis
ion
of th
is A
ct o
r of
a w
arra
nt is
sued
und
er th
is A
ct,
may examine any animal there and, upon giving a receipt for it, take a sample of
any
subs
tanc
e th
ere
orta
ke a
car
cass
or
sam
ple
from
a c
arca
ss th
ere,
for
the
purp
oses
set
out
in th
e pr
ovis
ion
unde
r w
hich
the
insp
ecto
r's, a
gent
's o
r ve
teri
nari
an's
pre
senc
e is
aut
hori
zed
or th
e w
arra
nt is
issu
ed. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Sam
e il An inspector, agent or veterinarian who takes a sample or carcass under subsection (i) may
cond
uct t
ests
and
ana
lyse
s of
the
sam
ple
or c
arca
ss f
or th
e pu
rpos
es d
escr
ibed
in s
ubse
ctio
n (i
) an
d,upon conclusion of the tests and analyses, shall dispose of
the
sam
ple
or c
arca
ss. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9; 2
009,
c. 3
3, S
ched
. 9, s
. 9 (
4).
Supp
ly n
eces
sari
es to
ani
mal
sil If an inspector or an agent of the Society is lawfully present in a building or place under the
auth
ority
of
any
prov
isio
n of
this
Act
or
of a
war
rant
issu
ed u
nder
this
Act
and
fin
ds a
n an
imal
indi
stre
ss, h
e or
she
may
, in
addi
tion
to a
ny o
ther
act
ion
he o
r sh
e is
aut
hori
zed
to ta
ke u
nder
this
Act
,su
pply
the
anim
al w
ith f
ood,
car
e or
trea
tmen
t. 20
08, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Seiz
ure
of th
ings
in p
lain
vie
wil An inspector or an agent of the Society who is lawfully present in a building or place under the
auth
ority
of
any
prov
isio
n of
this
Act
or
of a
war
rant
issu
ed u
nder
this
Act
may
, upo
n gi
ving
a r
ecei
pt f
orit,
sei
ze a
ny th
ing
that
is p
rodu
ced
to th
e in
spec
tor
or a
gent
or
that
is in
pla
in v
iew
if th
e in
spec
tor
orag
ent h
as r
easo
nabl
e gr
ound
s to
bel
ieve
,
(a)
that
the
thin
g w
il af
ford
evi
denc
e of
an
offe
nce
unde
r th
is A
ct; o
r
(b)
that
the
thin
g w
as u
sed
or is
bei
ng u
sed
in c
onne
ctio
n w
ith th
e co
mm
issi
on o
f an
off
ence
unde
r th
is A
ct a
nd th
at th
e se
izur
e is
nec
essa
ry to
pre
vent
the
cont
inua
tion
or r
epet
ition
of
the
offe
nce.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Rep
ort t
o ju
stic
e, ju
dge
il An inspector or an agent of
the
Soc
iety
sha
ll,
(a) report the taking ofa sample or a carcass under subsection (1) to a
justice of
the
peac
e or
prov
inci
al ju
dge;
and
htt:/
/ww
w.e
-Iaw
s.go
v.on
.ca/
tml/s
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/11/
2011
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Pag
e 9
of 1
6
(b) bring any thing seized under subsection (4) before a
justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
or,
if th
at is
not
rea
sona
bly
poss
ible
, rep
ort t
he s
eizu
re to
a ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial
judg
e. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Ord
er to
det
ain,
ret
urn,
dis
pose
of t
hing
,( W
here
any
thin
g is
sei
zed
and
brou
ght b
efor
e a
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
or p
rovi
ncia
l jud
ge u
nder
subs
ectio
n (5
), th
e ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
sha
ll by
ord
er,
(a)
deta
in it
or
dire
ct it
to b
e de
tain
ed in
the
care
of
a pe
rson
nam
ed in
the
orde
r;
(b)
dire
ct it
to b
e re
turn
ed; o
r
(c)
dire
ct it
to b
e di
spos
ed o
f, in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
tenn
s se
t out
in th
e or
der.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Sam
e il In an order made under clause (6) (a) or (b), the justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
may
,
(a)
auth
oriz
e th
e ex
amin
atio
n, te
stin
g, in
spec
tion
or r
epro
duct
ion
of th
e th
ing
seiz
ed, o
n th
eco
nditi
ons
that
are
rea
sona
bly
nece
ssar
y an
d ar
e di
rect
ed in
the
orde
r; a
nd
(b) make any other provision that, in his or her opinion, is necessary for the preservation of
the
thin
g. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 9.
Application of Provincial Offences Act
il Subsections 159 (2) to (5) and section 160 of
the Provincia! Offences Act apply with necessary
modifications in respect ofa thing seized by an inspector or an agent of
the
Soc
iety
und
er s
ubse
ctio
n (4
).20
08, c
. 16,
s. 9
.
Ord
er to
ow
ner
of a
nim
als,
etc
.11 Where an inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
has
reas
onab
le g
roun
ds f
or b
elie
ving
that
an
anim
al is
in d
istr
ess
and
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an o
f th
e an
imal
is p
rese
nt o
r m
ay b
e fo
und
prom
ptly
, the
insp
ecto
r or
age
nt m
ay o
rder
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an to
,
(a) take such action as may, in the opinion of
the
insp
ecto
r or
age
nt, b
e ne
cess
ary
to r
elie
ve th
ean
imal
of
its d
istr
ess;
or
(b)
have
the
anim
al e
xam
ined
and
trea
ted
by a
vet
erin
aria
n at
the
expe
nse
of th
e ow
ner
orcu
stod
ian.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
3 (1
).
Ord
er to
be
in w
ritin
gil
Eve
ry o
rder
und
er s
ubse
ctio
n (i
) sh
all b
e in
wri
ting
and
shal
l hav
e pr
inte
d or
wri
tten
ther
eon
the
prov
isio
ns o
f sub
sect
ions
17
(i) a
nd (
2). R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 13
(2).
il R
epea
led:
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
0 (i
).T
ime
for
com
plia
nce
with
ord
eril An inspector or an agent of
the
Soci
ety
who
mak
es a
n or
der
unde
r su
bsec
tion
(1)
shal
l spe
cify
in th
e or
der
the
time
with
in w
hich
any
act
ion
requ
ired
by
the
orde
r sh
all b
e pe
rfon
ned.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0.36, s. 13 (4).
Idem
il E
very
per
son
who
is s
erve
d w
ith a
n or
der
unde
r su
bsec
tion
(I)
shal
l com
ply
with
the
orde
r in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith it
s te
nns
until
suc
h tim
e as
it m
ay b
e m
odif
ied,
con
finn
ed o
r re
voke
d an
d sh
all
ther
eaft
er c
ompl
y w
ith th
e or
der
as m
odif
ied
or c
onfi
nned
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
3 (5
); 2
008,
c. 1
6,s.
10(
2).
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/tm
l/sta
tute
s/en
glis
h!el
aws_
stat
utes
_900
36_e
.htm
10/1
1/20
11
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Pre
vent
ion
of C
lUel
ty to
Ani
mal
s A
ct, R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6P
age
10 o
f 16
Aut
hori
ty to
det
erm
ine
com
plia
nce
with
ord
er,( If an order made under subsection (i) remains in force, an inspector or an agent of the Society
may enter without a warrant any building or place where the animal that is the subject of
the
orde
r is
loca
ted,
eith
er a
lone
or
acco
mpa
nied
by
one
or m
ore
vete
rina
rian
s or
oth
er p
erso
ns a
s he
or
she
cons
ider
s ad
visa
ble,
and
insp
ect t
he a
nim
al a
nd th
e bu
ildin
g or
pla
ce f
or th
e pu
rpos
e of
det
enni
ning
whe
ther
the
orde
r ha
s be
en c
ompl
ied
with
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
0 (3
).
Rev
ocat
ion
of o
rder
il If, in the opinion of an inspector or an agent of the Society, the order made under subsection
(I)
has
been
com
plie
d w
ith, h
e or
she
sha
ll re
voke
the
orde
r an
d sh
all s
erve
not
ice
of th
e re
voca
tion
inw
ritin
g fo
rthw
ith o
n th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
of
the
anim
al th
at is
the
subj
ect o
f th
e or
der.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
0 (3
).
Tak
ing
poss
essi
on o
f an
imal
H. A
n in
spec
tor
or a
n ag
ent o
f th
e So
ciet
y m
ay r
emov
e an
ani
mal
fro
m th
e bu
ildin
g or
pla
cewhere it is and take possession thereof on behalf of the Society for the purpose of
prov
idin
g it
with
foo
d,ca
re o
r tr
eatm
ent t
o re
lieve
its
dist
ress
whe
re,
(a)
a ve
teri
nari
an h
as e
xam
ined
the
anim
al a
nd h
as a
dvis
ed th
e in
spec
tor
or a
gent
in w
ritin
g th
atthe health and well-being of
the
anim
al n
eces
sita
tes
its r
emov
al;
(b)
the
insp
ecto
r or
age
nt h
as in
spec
ted
the
anim
al a
nd h
as r
easo
nabl
e gr
ound
s fo
r be
lievi
ng th
atthe animal is in distress and the owner or custodian of
the
anim
al is
not
pre
sent
and
can
not b
efo
und
prom
ptly
; or
(c)
an o
rder
res
pect
ing
the
anim
al h
as b
een
mad
e un
der
sect
ion
13 a
nd th
e or
der
has
not b
een
com
plie
d w
ith. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 14
(i).
Ord
er f
or S
ocie
ty to
kee
p an
imal
ül A justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
may
mak
e an
ord
er a
utho
rizi
ng th
e So
ciet
y to
kee
pin
its
care
an
anim
al th
at w
as r
emov
ed u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(1)
if,
(a)
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an o
f th
e an
imal
has
bee
n ch
arge
d, in
con
nect
ion
with
the
sam
e fa
ctsi
tuat
ion
that
gav
e ri
se to
the
rem
oval
of
the
anim
al u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(i),
with
an
offe
nce
unde
r th
is A
ct o
r an
y ot
her
law
in f
orce
in O
ntar
io p
erta
inin
g to
the
wel
fare
of
or th
epr
even
tion
of c
lUel
ty to
ani
mal
s; a
nd
(b) the justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
is s
atis
fied
by
info
nnat
ion
on o
ath
that
ther
e ar
ereasonable grounds to believe that the animal may be harmed if
retu
rned
to it
s ow
ner
orcu
stod
ian.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. I
i (i)
.
Ord
er r
e co
sts
(1.2
) W
here
a ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
mak
es a
n or
der
unde
r su
bsec
tion
(1.1
), h
e or
she
may
als
o or
der
that
the
who
le o
r an
y pa
rt o
f th
e co
st to
the
Soci
ety
of p
rovi
ding
foo
d, c
are
ortr
eatm
ent t
o th
e an
imal
pur
suan
t to
its r
emov
al u
nder
sub
sect
ion
(i) a
nd p
ursu
ant t
o th
e or
der
unde
rsubsection (1.) be paid by the owner or custodian of
the
anim
al to
the
Soci
ety.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. I
i (i)
.
Sam
e í. The Society or owner or custodian of
the animal may at any time apply to a
justice of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
to v
ary
an o
rder
mad
e un
der
subs
ectio
n (1
.2)
and
the
just
ice
of th
e pe
ace
orpr
ovin
cial
judg
e m
ay m
ake
such
ord
er a
s he
or
she
cons
ider
s ap
prop
riat
e. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. Ii (
i).
Ord
er to
ret
urn
anim
al
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
allit
ml!
stat
utes
/eng
lish!
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/1I2
011
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
Ciu
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Page
i I
of 1
6
i. The Society or the owner or custodian may apply to a justice of the peace or provincial judge
to o
rder
the
retu
rn o
f an
ani
mal
that
is th
e su
bjec
t of
an o
rder
mad
e un
der
subs
ectio
n (i
. i)
and,
ifsa
tisfie
d th
at th
ere
are
no lo
nger
rea
sona
ble
grou
nds
to b
elie
ve th
at th
e an
imal
may
be
harm
ed if
ret
urne
dto
its
owne
r or
cus
todi
an, t
he ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
may
ord
er th
e re
turn
of
the
anim
alto
its
owne
r or
cus
todi
an, s
ubje
ct to
any
con
ditio
ns th
at th
e ju
stic
e of
the
peac
e or
pro
vinc
ial j
udge
cons
ider
s ap
prop
riat
e. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. Ii (
I).
Des
truc
tion
of a
nim
alil An inspector or an agent of
the
Soc
iety
may
des
troy
an
anim
al,
(a) with the consent of
the
owne
r; o
r
(b)
if a
vet
erin
aria
n ha
s ex
amin
ed th
e an
imal
and
has
adv
ised
the
insp
ecto
r or
age
nt in
wri
ting
that, in his or her opinion, it is the most humane course of
actio
n. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6,s.
14
(2);
200
8, c
. 16,
s. I
i (2)
.
Not
ice il An inspector or an agent of the Society who has removed or destroyed an animal under
subs
ectio
n (I
) or
(2)
sha
ll fo
rthw
ith s
erve
wri
tten
notic
e of
his
or
her
actio
n on
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an o
fth
e an
imal
, ifk
now
n. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. Ii (
3).
Sam
e il Every notice under subsection (3) respecting the removal of an animal under subsection (1)
shal
l hav
e pr
inte
d or
wri
tten
on it
the
prov
isio
ns o
f su
bsec
tions
17
(I)
and
(2).
200
9, c
. 33,
Sch
ed. 9
,s.
9 (
5).
Liabilty of owner for expenses
~ If
an
insp
ecto
r or
an
agen
t of
the
Soci
ety
has
prov
ided
an
anim
al w
ith f
ood,
car
e or
treatment, the Society may serve on the owner or custodian of
the
anim
al a
sta
tem
ent o
f ac
coun
tre
spec
ting
the
food
, car
e or
trea
tmen
t and
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an is
, sub
ject
to a
n or
der
mad
e un
der
subs
ectio
n 14
(1.
2) o
r (i
.3)
or 1
7 (6
), li
able
for
the
amou
nt s
peci
fied
in th
e st
atem
ent o
f ac
coun
t. 20
08,
c. 16, s. 12.
Pow
er to
sel
lil
Whe
re th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
ref
uses
to p
ay a
n ac
coun
t und
er s
ubse
ctio
n (i
) w
ithin
fiv
ebu
sine
ss d
ays
afte
r se
rvic
e of
the
stat
emen
t of
acco
unt o
r w
here
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an, a
fter
rea
sona
ble
inqu
iry,
can
not b
e fo
und,
the
Soci
ety
may
sel
l or
disp
ose
of th
e an
imal
and
rei
mbu
rse
itsel
f ou
t of
the
proc
eeds
, hol
ding
the
bala
nce
in tr
ust f
or th
e ow
ner
or o
ther
per
son
entit
led
ther
eto.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
5 (2
); 2
006,
c. 1
9, S
ched
. F, s
. 2 (
2).
Soci
ety,
aff
iiate
d so
ciet
y de
emed
to b
e ow
ner
of a
band
oned
ani
mal
M. I
f th
e So
ciet
y or
an
affl
iate
d so
ciet
y ta
kes
cust
ody
of a
n an
imal
and
no
pers
on is
iden
tifie
d as
the animal's owner or custodian within a prescribed period of
time, the Society or affliated society, as
the case may be, is deemed to be the owner of
the
anim
al f
or a
ll pu
rpos
es. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 13.
AN
lMA
L C
AR
E R
EV
IEW
BO
AR
D
Boa
rd c
ontin
ued
12 The Animal Care Review Board is continued under the name Animal Care Review Board
in E
nglis
h an
d C
omm
issi
on d
étud
e de
s so
ins
aux
anim
aux
in F
renc
h. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 16
(i).
Idem
il T
he B
oard
sha
ll co
nsis
t of
not f
ewer
than
thre
e pe
rson
s w
ho s
hall
be a
ppoi
nted
by
the
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
mlls
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/111
201
i
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
Ciu
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Pag
e 12
of 1
6
Lieu
tena
nt G
over
nor
in C
ounc
iL. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 16
(2);
200
6, c
. 34,
s. 3
9.
Chair, vice-chair
il The Lieutenant Governor in Council may appoint one of
the members of
the
Boa
rd a
s ch
air
and another of
the
mem
bers
as
vice
-cha
ir. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 16
(3).
Com
posi
tion
of B
oard
for
hea
ring
sil A proceeding before the Board shall be heard and determined by a panel consisting of one or
more members of
the
Boa
rd, a
s as
sign
ed b
y th
e ch
air
or v
ice-
chai
r of
the
Boa
rd. 2
001,
c. 9
, Sch
ed. M
,s.
i.
Rem
uner
atio
n of
mem
bers
il The members of
the
Boa
rd s
hall
rece
ive
such
rem
uner
atio
n an
d ex
pens
es a
s th
e L
ieut
enan
tG
over
nor
in C
ounc
il de
term
ines
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
6 (5
).
App
eal t
o B
oard
1L T
he o
wne
r or
cus
todi
an o
f an
y an
imal
who
con
side
rs th
emse
lf a
ggri
eved
by
an o
rder
mad
eun
der
subs
ectio
n 13
(I)
or
by th
e re
mov
al o
f an
ani
mal
und
er s
ubse
ctio
n 14
(1)
may
, with
in f
ive
business days of
receiving notice of
the
orde
r or
rem
oval
, app
eal a
gain
st th
e or
der
or r
eque
st th
e re
turn
of the animal by notice in writing to the chair of
the
Boa
rd. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 17
(1);
199
3, c
. 27,
Sche
d.; 2
006,
c. 1
9, S
ched
. F, s
. 3 (
I).
Sam
e .u T
he n
otic
e sh
all s
et o
ut th
e re
med
y or
act
ion
soug
ht a
nd th
e re
ason
s fo
r th
e ap
peal
or
requ
est.
2006
, c. 1
9, S
ched
. F, s
. 3 (
2).
No appeal if
ther
e is
ord
er f
or S
ocie
ty to
kee
p an
imal
(i .2
) Su
bsec
tion
(1)
does
not
app
ly if
an
orde
r in
res
pect
of
the
anim
al u
nder
sub
sect
ion
14 (
1. i)
isin
for
ce. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 15
(1).
App
licat
ion
for
revo
catio
n of
ord
eril Where, in the opinion of the owner or custodian of an animal in respect of which an order
unde
r su
bsec
tion
13 (
1) h
as b
een
mad
e, th
e an
imal
has
cea
sed
to b
e in
dis
tres
s, th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
may apply to the Board to have the order revoked by notice in writing to the chair of
the
Boa
rd. R
.S.O
.19
90, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 17
(2);
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
5 (2
).
Notice of
hear
ing
il Within five business days of
the
rece
ipt o
f a
notic
e un
der
subs
ectio
n (1
) or
(2)
, the
cha
ir o
f th
eB
oard
sha
ll,
(a)
fix
a tim
e, d
ate
and
plac
e at
whi
ch th
e B
oard
wil
hear
the
mat
ter;
and
(b)
notif
y th
e So
ciet
y an
d th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
who
issu
ed th
e no
tice
of th
e tim
e, d
ate
and
plac
efi
xed
unde
r cl
ause
(a)
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
7 (3
); 2
006,
c. 1
9, S
ched
. F, s
. 3 (
3); 2
008,
c. 16, s. 15 (3).
Dat
e of
hea
ring
il The date fixed for a hearing shall be not more than 10 business days after the receipt of a
notic
e un
der
subs
ectio
n (1
) or
(2)
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
7 (4
); 2
006,
c. 1
9, S
ched
. F, s
. 3 (
4).
Proc
edur
e at
hea
ring
il At a hearing, the Society and the owner or custodian are entitled to hear the evidence, cross-
exam
ine,
cal
l witn
esse
s, p
rese
nt a
rgum
ent a
nd b
e re
pres
ente
d by
per
sons
aut
hori
zed
unde
r th
e L
awSo
ciet
y A
ct to
rep
rese
nt th
em. R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 17
(5);
200
6, c
. 21,
Sch
ed. C
, s. 1
24.
http
://w
ww
.e-l
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/s
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/111
201
i
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R_S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Pag
e 13
of 1
6
Pow
ers
of B
oard
il After a hearing or, with the consent of
the
Soci
ety
and
the
pers
on w
ho is
sued
the
notic
e un
der
subs
ectio
n (I
) or
(2)
, with
out a
hea
ring
, the
Boa
rd m
ay,
(a)
resp
ectin
g an
ord
er m
ade
unde
r su
bsec
tion
i 3 (
I), c
onfi
rm, r
evok
e or
mod
ify
the
orde
rap
peal
ed a
gain
st;
(b) respecting the removal of
an a
nim
al u
nder
sub
sect
ion
14 (
I), o
rder
that
the
anim
al b
e re
turn
edto
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an a
nd m
ay m
ake
an o
rder
in th
e sa
me
term
s as
an
orde
r m
ay b
e m
ade
unde
r su
bsec
tion
13 (
i);
(c)
orde
r th
at th
e w
hole
or
any
part
of
the
cost
to th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
of
an a
nim
al o
fco
mpl
ying
with
an
orde
r m
ade
unde
r su
bsec
tion
13 (
i) b
e pa
id b
y th
e So
ciet
y to
the
owne
r or
cust
odia
n; o
r
(d) order that the whole or any part of
the cost to the Society of
prov
idin
g fo
od, c
are
or tr
eatm
ent
to a
n an
imal
pur
suan
t to
its r
emov
al u
nder
sub
sect
ion
i 4 (
I) b
e pa
id b
y th
e ow
ner
orcustodian of
the
anim
al to
the
Soc
iety
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
7 (6
); 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 15
(4, 5
).
Not
ice
of d
ecis
ion
il Notice of
the decision of
the
Boa
rd m
ade
unde
r su
bsec
tion
(6),
toge
ther
with
rea
sons
in w
ritin
gfo
r its
dec
isio
n, s
hal i
be
serv
ed fo
rthw
ith o
n th
e S
ocie
ty a
nd th
e ow
ner
or c
usto
dian
of t
he a
nim
aL. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 15
(6).
Society order not stayed
il An appeal to the Board in respect of an order made under subsection 13 (i) does not stay the
oper
atio
n of
the
orde
r. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 15
(7).
App
eal !&
The
Soc
iety
or
the
owne
r or
cus
todi
an m
ay a
ppea
l the
dec
isio
n of
the
Boa
rd to
a ju
dge
ofth
e Su
peri
or C
ourt
of
Just
ice.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
8 (i
); 2
006,
c. 1
9, S
ched
. C, s
. i (
I).
Not
ice
of a
ppea
lil The appeal shall be made by fiing a notice of appeal with the local registrar of
the
cour
t and
serv
ing
a co
py th
ereo
f on
the
othe
r pa
rtie
s be
fore
the
Boa
rd w
ithin
i 5
busi
ness
day
s af
ter
the
notic
e of
the
Boa
rds
deci
sion
is s
erve
d on
the
appe
llant
und
er s
ubse
ctio
n 17
(7)
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
8 (2
);20
06, c
. 19,
Sch
ed. F
, s. 4
(i)
.
Dat
e of
hea
ring
il The appellant or any person served with notice of appeal may, upon at least two business days
notice to each of the other parties, apply to the judge to fix a date for the hearing of
the
appe
aL. R
.S.O
.19
90, c
. 0.3
6, s
. 18
(3);
200
6, c
. 19,
Sch
ed. F
, s. 4
(2)
.
Dec
isio
nil The appeal shall be a new hearing and the judge may rescind, alter or confirm the decision of
the
Boa
rd a
nd m
ake
such
ord
er a
s to
cos
ts a
s he
or
she
cons
ider
s ap
prop
riat
e, a
nd th
e de
cisi
on o
f th
eju
dge
is fi
naL.
R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
8(4)
.
OFF
EN
CE
S
Off
ence
sJJ Every person is guilty of an offence who,
(a)
cont
rave
nes
subs
ectio
n i i
(5)
;
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/s
tatu
tes/
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ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
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_e.h
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/111
201
I
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
Ciu
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c_
0.36
Pag
e 14
of 1
6
(b)
cont
rave
nes
or f
ails
to c
ompl
y w
ith s
ectio
n I
I. I
;
(c)
cont
rave
nes
subs
ectio
n i i
.2 (
i), (
2), (
3), (
4) o
r (5
);
(d)
cont
rave
nes
subs
ectio
n 13
(5)
;
(e) contravenes or fails to comply with an order of
the
Boa
rd; o
r
(f)
know
ingl
y m
akes
a f
alse
rep
ort t
o th
e So
ciet
y in
res
pect
of
an a
nim
al b
eing
in d
istr
ess.
200
8,c. 16, s. 16.
Penalty - individuals
il E
very
indi
vidu
al w
ho c
omm
its a
n of
fenc
e un
der
clau
se (
I) (
a), (
d), (
e) o
r (f
) is
liab
le o
nconviction to a fine of
not m
ore
than
$ i
,000
or
to im
pris
onm
ent f
or a
term
of
not m
ore
than
30
days
, or
to b
oth.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
6.
Sam
e il E
very
indi
vidu
al w
ho c
omm
its a
n of
fenc
e un
der
clau
se (
I) (
b) o
r (c
) is
liab
le o
n co
nvic
tion
toa fine of not more than $60,000 or to imprisonment for a term of
not m
ore
than
two
year
s, o
r to
bot
h.20
08, c
. 16,
s. 1
6.
Pena
lty -
cor
pora
tions
il E
very
cor
pora
tion
that
com
mits
an
offe
nce
unde
r su
bsec
tion
(i)
is li
able
on
conv
ictio
n to
the
sam
e fi
ne to
whi
ch a
n in
divi
dual
is li
able
for
the
offe
nce.
200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
6.
Pena
lty -
dir
ecto
rs, o
ffce
rsil Every director or offcer of a corporation who authorized, permitted or participated in the
corp
orat
ion'
s co
mm
issi
on o
f an
off
ence
und
er s
ubse
ctio
n (i
) is
als
o gu
ilty
of th
e of
fenc
e an
d on
conv
ictio
n is
liab
le to
the
sam
e pe
nalty
to w
hich
an
indi
vidu
al is
liab
le f
or th
e of
fenc
e, w
heth
er o
r no
tth
e co
rpor
atio
n ha
s be
en p
rose
cute
d or
con
vict
ed. 2
008,
c. 1
6, s
. 16.
Pro
hibi
tion
orde
ril If
a person is convicted of
an o
ffen
ce u
nder
cla
use
(i)
(b)
or (
c), t
he c
ourt
mak
ing
the
conv
ictio
n m
ay, i
n ad
ditio
n to
any
oth
er p
enal
ty, m
ake
an o
rder
pro
hibi
ting
the
conv
icte
d pe
rson
and
, if
the
conv
icte
d pe
rson
is a
cor
pora
tion,
the
dire
ctor
s an
d of
fcer
s of
the
corp
orat
ion
desc
ribe
d in
subs
ectio
n (5
), f
rom
ow
ning
, hav
ing
cust
ody
or c
are
of, o
r liv
ing
with
any
ani
mal
, or
any
kind
of
anim
alsp
ecif
ied
in th
e or
der,
for
any
per
iod
of ti
me
spec
ifie
d in
the
orde
r, in
clud
ing,
in th
e ca
se o
f an
individual, for the remainder of
the
pers
on's
life
and
, in
the
case
of
a co
rpor
atio
n, f
orev
er. 2
008,
c. 1
6,s. 16.
Res
titut
ion
orde
ril If
a person is convicted of
an o
ffen
ce u
nder
cla
use
(I)
(b)
or (
c), t
he c
ourt
mak
ing
the
conv
ictio
n m
ay, i
n ad
ditio
n to
any
oth
er p
enal
ty, m
ake
an o
rder
that
the
conv
icte
d pe
rson
pay
the
who
leor any part of
the cost to the Society of
prov
idin
g fo
od, c
are
or tr
eatm
ent t
o an
ani
mal
that
was
the
victim of
the offence of
whi
ch th
e co
nvic
ted
pers
on w
as c
onvi
cted
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
6.
Oth
er o
rder
sil If
a person is convicted of
an o
ffen
ce u
nder
cla
use
(I)
(b)
or (
c), t
he c
ourt
mak
ing
the
conv
ictio
n m
ay, i
n ad
ditio
n to
any
oth
er p
enal
ty, m
ake
any
othe
r or
der
that
the
cour
t con
side
rsap
prop
riat
e, in
clud
ing
an o
rder
that
the
conv
icte
d pe
rson
und
ergo
cou
nsel
ling
or tr
aini
ng. 2
008,
c. 1
6,s. 16.
MIS
CE
LLA
NE
OU
S M
A T
IER
S
http
://w
ww
.e.la
ws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/s
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
1111
2011
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Prev
entio
n of
ClU
elty
to A
nim
als
Act
, R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36
Pag
e 15
of 1
6
Insp
ecto
r, e
tc.,
not p
erso
nally
liab
leI9. No inspector or agent of
the Society and no veterinarian or member of
the
Boa
rd is
per
sona
llyliable for anything done by him or her in good faith under or purporting to be under the authority of
this
Act
. R.S
.O. 1
990,
c. 0
.36,
s. 1
9.
Serv
ice
of o
rder
s, n
otic
es, e
tc.
20. A
ny o
rder
, not
ice
or s
tate
men
t of
acco
unt r
equi
red
or a
utho
rize
d to
be
serv
ed u
nder
this
Act
shal
l be
serv
ed p
erso
nally
or
by r
egis
tere
d m
ail,
cour
ier,
fax
, ele
ctro
nic
mai
l or
othe
r pr
escr
ibed
met
hod
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e re
gula
tions
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
8; 2
009,
c. 3
3, S
ched
. 9, s
. 9 (
6).
Conflct with municipal by-laws
2I. In the event of a conflict between a provision of this Act or of a regulation made under this
Act
and
of
a m
unic
ipal
by-
law
per
tain
ing
to th
e w
elfa
re o
f or
the
prev
entio
n of
clU
elty
to a
nim
als,
the
prov
isio
n th
at a
ffor
ds th
e gr
eate
r pr
otec
tion
to a
nim
als
shal
l pre
vaiL
. 200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
8.
RE
GU
LA n
ON
S
Reg
ulat
ions
lb The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations,
(a)
pres
crib
ing
activ
ities
that
con
stitu
te a
ctiv
ities
car
ried
on
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith r
easo
nabl
e an
dge
nera
lly a
ccep
ted
prac
tices
of
agri
cultu
ral a
nim
al c
are,
man
agem
ent o
r hu
sban
dry
for
the
purp
oses
of c
laus
es 1
1. (
2) (
a) a
nd 1
1.2
(6)
(c);
(b)
pres
crib
ing
clas
ses
of a
nim
als,
cir
cum
stan
ces
and
cond
ition
s or
act
iviti
es f
or th
e pu
rpos
es o
fcl
ause
s 11
. (2)
(b)
and
11.
(6)
(d);
(c) exempting any person or class of
persons from any provision of
this
Act
or
ofa
regu
latio
nm
ade
unde
r th
is A
ct, a
nd p
resc
ribi
ng c
ondi
tions
and
cir
cum
stan
ces
for
any
such
exe
mpt
ion.
2008
, c. 1
6, s
. 18.
Sam
e il The Minister responsible for the administration of this Act may make regulations,
(a) prescribing and governing the powers and duties of
the ChiefInspector of
the
Soc
iety
,in
clud
ing
the
pow
er to
est
ablis
h qu
alif
icat
ions
, req
uire
men
ts a
nd s
tand
ards
for
insp
ecto
rs a
ndagents of
the Society, to appoint inspectors and agents of
the
Soci
ety
and
to r
evok
e th
eir
appointments and generally to oversee the inspectors and agents of
the
Soci
ety
in th
epe
rfor
man
ce o
f th
eir
dutie
s;
(b)
pres
crib
ing
stan
dard
s of
car
e fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f sec
tion
i 1.1
;
(c)
gove
rnin
g th
e re
port
req
uire
d un
der
sect
ion
I i .
3, in
clud
ing
its c
onte
nts
and
the
man
ner
ofm
akin
g th
e re
port
;
(d) prescribing forms for the information on oath required by subsection 11. (1),12 (I) or 14
(1.), for a warrant issued under subsection 11.5 (i) or 12 (1) and for an order issued under
subs
ectio
n 14
(1.
) 01
'(1.4
);
(e) governing applications for and the issue of
war
rant
s by
tele
phon
e or
oth
er m
eans
of
tele
com
mun
icat
ion
for
the
purp
oses
of s
ubse
ctio
ns i
1.5
(i. i)
and
12
(2),
pre
scrib
ing
the
form
s re
quir
ed to
app
ly f
or a
war
rant
und
er th
ose
subs
ectio
ns a
nd th
e fo
rms
for
the
war
rant
sis
sued
und
er th
ose
subs
ectio
ns, p
resc
ribi
ng r
ules
for
the
exec
utio
n of
suc
h w
arra
nts
and
pres
crib
ing
evid
entia
ry r
ules
with
res
pect
to s
uch
war
rant
s;
http
://w
ww
.e-l
aws.
gov.
on.c
a/ht
ml/s
tatu
tes/
engl
ish/
elaw
s_st
atut
es_9
0036
_e.h
tm10
/11/
2011
Ont
ario
Soc
iety
for
the
Pre
vent
ion
of C
lUel
ty to
Ani
mal
s A
ct, R
.S.O
. 199
0, c
. 0.3
6P
age
16 o
f 16
(f)
pres
crib
ing
a pe
riod
of
time
for
the
purp
ose
of s
ectio
n 15
.1;
(g)
gove
rnin
g th
e se
rvic
e of
ord
ers,
not
ices
and
sta
tem
ents
of
acco
unt f
or th
e pu
rpos
es o
f se
ctio
n20
.200
8, c
. 16,
s. 1
8; 2
009,
c. 3
3, S
ched
. 9, s
. 9 (
7).
FOR
MS
1,2
Rep
eale
d: 1
997,
c_
39. s
. 12.
Fran
cais
Bac
k to
top
http
://w
ww
.e-I
aws.
gov.
on.c
altin
/sta
tute
s/en
glis
h/el
aws_
stat
utes
_900
36_e
.htm
10/1
1/20
11
ONTARIO SOCIETY OF THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ACT
ONTARIO REGULATION 59109
GENERAL
Last amendment: O. Reg. 8/10.
Additional powers and duties of Chief Inspector1. (1) The ChiefInspector of the Society shall,
(a) establish qualifications, requirements and standards for inspectors and agents of the Society;
and
(b) generally oversee inspectors and agents of the Society in the peïformance of their duties.O. Reg. 59/09, s. 1 (1).
(2) The Chief Inspector of the Society shall appoint inspectors and agents of the Society andmay revoke any such appointment. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 1 (2).
Society etc. deemed owner of animal with unknown owner, custodian - prescribed period2. For the purose of section 15.i of the Act, the Society or affiiated society is deemed to be the
owner of an animal if no person is identified as the animal's owner or custodian within three businessdays after the day the Society or affiliated society took custody of
the animaL. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 2.
Forms3. (1) An information to obtain a warrant under subsection 12 (1) of
the Act shall be in Form 1.
O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (1).
(2) A warrant issued under subsection 12 (1) of the Act shall be in Form 2. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3
(2).
(3) An information to obtain a warrant to enter and inspect premises under subsection 11.5 (1)of the Act shall be in Form 3. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (3); O. Reg. 8110, s. 1 (1).
(4) A warrant to enter and inspect premises issued under subsection 11.5 (1) of the Act shall be
in Form 4. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (4); O. Reg. 8/10, s. 1 (2).
(5) An information to obtain a telewarrant under subsection 12 (2) of the Act shall be in Form 5.
O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (5).
(6) A telewarrant authorizing entr and inspection of premises issued under subsection 12 (2) of
the Act shall be in Form 6. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (6).
(6.1) An information to obtain a telewarrant to enter and inspect premises under subsection 11.5(1.) of the Act shall be in Form 6.1. O. Reg. 8/10, s. 1 (3).
(6.2) A telewarrant to enter and inspect premises issued under subsection 11.5 (1.) of the Act
shall be in Form 6.2. O. Reg. 8/10, s. 1 (3).
(7) An information under subsection 14 (1.) of the Act for an order to keep an animal removed
under subsection 14 (1) of the Act shall be in Form 7. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (7).
(8) An order under subsection 14 (1.) of the Act to keep an animal removed under subsection
14 (1) of the Act shall be in Form 8. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (8).
(9) An order under subsection 14 (1.4) of the Act to return an animal removed under subsection
14 (1) of the Act shall be in Form 9. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3 (9).
(10) The Forms prescribed by subsections (1) to (9) are the forms described in the Table to thissection and available from the Governent of Ontario Central Forms Site website. O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3(10).
TABLE
Form Form Name Date of
NumberForm
1 Information to Obtain Warrant (Animal in Distress) March 2009
2 Warrant (Animal in Distress)March 2009
3 Information to Obtain Warant (Enter and Inspect) Januar2010
4 Warrant (Enter and Inspect) January2010
5 Information to Obtain Telewarrant (Animal in Distress) March 2009
6 Telewarant (Animal in Distress) March 2009
6.1 Information to Obtain Telewarrant (Enter and Inspect) January2010
6.2 Telewarant (Enter and Inspect) January2010
7 Information to Obtain Order to Keep Animal January2010
8 Order to Keep Animal January2010
9 Order to Return Animal March 2009
O. Reg. 59/09, s. 3, Table; O. Reg. 8/10, s. 2.
4. Omitted (provides for coming into force of provisions of this Regulation). O. Reg. 59/09, s. 4.
ONTARIO REGULATION 60/09
STANDARDS OF CARE
Application1. (1) The basic standards of care applicable to all animals are set out in section 2. O. Reg.
60/09, s. 1 (1).
(2) In addition to the basic standards of care applicable to all animals set out in section 2,
(a) standards of care specific to dogs that live primarily outdoors are set out in section 3; and
(b) standards of care specific to wildlife kept in captivity are set out in sections 4 and 5. O. Reg.60/09, s. 1 (2).
(3) In addition to the basic standards of care applicable to all animals set out in section 2 and the
standards of care specific to wildlife kept in captivity set out in sections 4 and 5, the standards of carespecific to primates kept in captivity are set out in section 6. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 1 (3).
(4) A requirement that a standard of care be adequate and appropriate or necessary is arequirement that the standard of care be adequate and appropriate or necessary to the specific animal,having regard to its species, breed and other relevant factors. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 1 (4).
Basic standards of care for all animals2. (1) Every animal must be provided with adequate and appropriate food and water. O. Reg.
60/09, s. 2 (1).
(2) Every animal must be provided with adequate and appropriate medical attention. O. Reg.60/09, s. 2 (2).
(3) Every animal must be provided with the care necessary for its general welfare. O. Reg.60/09, s. 2 (3).
(4) Every animal must be transported in a manner that ensures its physical safety and generalwelfare. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 2 (4).
(5) Every animal must be provided with an adequate and appropriate resting and sleeping area.O. Reg. 60/09, s. 2 (5).
(6) Every animal must be provided with adequate and appropriate,
(a) space to enable the animal to move naturally and to exercise;
(b) sanitary conditions;
...2
(c) ventilation;
(d) light, and;
(e) protection from the elements, including harful temperatures. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 2 (6).
(7) If an animal is confined to a pen or other enclosed strcture or area,
(a) the pen or other enclosed strctue or area, and any strctues or material in it, must be in astate of good repair;
(b) the pen or other enclosed strcture or area, and any surfaces, strctures and materials in it,must be made of and contain only materials that are,
(i) safe and non-toxic for the animal, and
(ii) of a texture and design that wil not bruise, cut or otherwise injure the animal; and
(c) the pen or other enclosed structure or area must not contain one or more other animals thatmay pose a danger to the animaL. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 2 (7).
(8) Every animal that is to be kiled must be kiled by a method that is humane and minimizesthe pain and distress to the animal; an animal's pain and distress are deemed to be minimized if it iskiled by a method that produces rapid, irreversible unconsciousness and prompt subsequent death.
O. Reg. 60/09, s. 2 (8).
Standards of care for dogs that live outdoors3. (1) Every dog that lives primarily outdoors must be provided with a structurally sound
enclosure for its use at all times. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 3 (1).
(2) The enclosure must be weather-proofed and insulated. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 3 (2).
(3) The size and design ofthe enclosure must be adequate and appropriate for the dog. O. Reg.60/09, s. 3 (3).
(4) A chain, rope or similar restraining device used to tether a dog that lives primarily outdoors,
(a) must be at least three metres long;
(b) must allow the dog to move safely and unrestricted (except by its length); and
(c) must allow the dog to have access to adequate and appropriate water and shelter. O. Reg.60/09, s. 3 (4).
Standards of care for captive wildlife4. (1) Wildlife kept in captivity must be provided with adequate and appropriate care, facilities
and services to ensure their safety and general welfare as more specifically set out in subsections (2) and(3) of this section and in sections 5 and 6. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 4 (1).
(2) Wildlife kept in captivity must be provided with a daily routine that facilitates and stimulatesnatual movement and behaviour. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 4 (2).
(3) Wildlife kept in captivity must be kept in compatible social groups to ensure the generalwelfare of the individual animals and of the group and to ensure that each animal in the group is not atrisk of injur or undue stress from dominant animals of the same or a different species. O. Reg. 60/09,s. 4 (3).
Standards for enclosures for captive wildlife5. (1) A pen or other enclosed strcture or area for wildlife kept in captivity must be of an
adequate and appropriate size,
(a) to facilitate and stimulate natural movement and behaviour;
b) to enable each animal in the pen or other enclosed structure or area to keep an adequate andappropriate distance from the other animals and people so that it is not psychologicallystressed; and
(c) to ensure that the natural growth of each animal in the pen or. other enclosed structure orarea is not restricted. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 5 (1).
...3
(2) A pen or other enclosed strctue or area for wildlife kept in captivity must have,
(a) featues and furnishings that facilitate and stimulate the natural movement and behaviour ofeach animal in the pen or other enclosed structure or area;
(b) shelter from the elements that can accommodate all the animals in the pen or other enclosedstrcture or area at the same time;
(c) surfaces and other materials that accommodate the natural movement and behaviour of eachanimal in the pen or other enclosed strctue or area;
(d) one or more areas that are out of view of spectators; and
(e) one or more sleeping areas that can accommodate all the animals in the pen or otherenclosed strctue or area at the same time and that are accessible to all the animals at alltimes. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 5 (2).
(3) A pen or other enclosed structure or area for wildlife kept in captivity must be made of andcontain only materials that are,
(a) safe and non-toxic for the animals kept in the pen or other enclosed structure or area; and
(b) of a texture and design that wil not bruise, cut or otherwise injure the animals. O. Reg.
60/09, s. 5 (3).
(4) A pen or other enclosed strcture or area for wildlife kept in captivity and any gates or otherbarriers to it, including moats, must be designed, constructed and locked or otherwise secured toprevent,
(a) interaction with people that may be unsafe or inappropriate for the wildlife;
(b) animals escaping from the pen or other enclosed strcture or area by climbing, jumping,
digging, burowing or any other means; and
(c) animals or people (other than people who are required to enter the enclosure as part of theirduties) from entering the pen or other enclosed structure or area by climbing, jumping,digging, burrowing or any other means. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 5 (4).
(5) A pen or other enclosed strcture or area for wildlife kept in captivity and any gates or otherbarriers to it, including moats, must be designed, constructed and maintained in a manner that presentsno harm to the wildlife. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 5 (5).
Standards of care for captive primates6. Every primate kept in captivity must be provided with,
(a) daily interaction with a person having custody or care of the primate;
(b) a varied range of daily activities, including foraging or task-oriented feeding methods; and
(c) interactive funishings, such as perches, swings and mirrors. O. Reg. 60/09, s. 6.
7. Omitted (provides for coming into force of provisions of this Regulation). O. Reg. 60/09, s. 7.
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