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Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 2011 1
Hany H. Ammar
LANE Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering
West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA,
Cloud Computing as an IT BusinessA Presentation
Arab Academy of Science and Technology, College of Management and Technology, The Business Information Systems
(BIS) department, Alexandria, Egypt, Jan 5, 2011
الرحيم الرحمن الله بسمالله رسول على والسالم والصالة ، لله الحمد
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20112
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?– Examples of Campus clouds
• Benefits of Cloud Computing, – What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 2011 3Cloud 3
Our Research Team on Cloud Computing
Faculty:• Dr. Matthew Valenti, West Virginia University• Dr Mohamed Saleh, Qatar University• Prof. Sief Haridi, Prof. Fatma Omara, Dr. Hesham
Hassan, Dr Sherif Khattab, Dr Osama Ismael, Cairo University
• Dr. Walid AbdelMoez, Arab Academy of Science and Techology, Alexandria, Egypt
Students: Mohammed Said Saleh, Markous M. Yassa, Sana AbdulJalil, Amr Mahmoud
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20114
What is Cloud Computing
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20115
What is Cloud Computing Resource availability is a key factor to achieve prosperity
of any society,
Particularly important are computing resources• e-banking, e-government, e-learning, e-commerce, e-social
To attain their full potential, computing resources need to be efficiently utilized preferably in an aggregated manner.
The demand for computing resources can now be met by utility computing, grid computing, and most recently cloud computing.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20116
What is Cloud ComputingUtility Computing
Utility computing providers rent capacity on computing resources that they maintain Metered computing: analogous to electric power (Pay per use)
Resources often virtualized and shared by multiple tenants
Example: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (estimated $60 USD/Month for one EC2 Instance for 24hrs/day-7days/week). Pay per use optionAmazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) web service
provides resizable compute capacity in the cloudDesigned to make web-scale computing easier for
developers.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20117
What is Cloud Computing Utility versus Cloud computing
Cloud computing not only provides raw computing resources, but also hosts the applications that use these resources.
Applications usually accessed via a web browser.
User data typically stored on provider's file systems.
Underlying computing infrastructure concealed from user. Example: gmail servers are concealed from users
Cloud Computing middleware systems are available for building clouds and their applications (e.g., Eucalyptus and Hadoop)
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20118
What is Cloud Computing Cluster and Grid Computing
A cluster is a collection of tightly coupled computing servers. Usually co-located.
A computing grid is a distributed collection of computing servers. While the servers may be dedicated resources, they could
be borrowed from idle desktop computers. A grid middleware system is needed to support the
development and assessment of service-oriented grid systems and applications (e.g., CROWN-C) http://www.wrgrid.org.uk/Resources/Leaflets/WRG_COLAB_Sept2007.pdf
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 20119
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?• Examples of Campus clouds• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201110
Example: University of Florida Campus Grid
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201111
Example: University of California Campus Grid
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201112
What is Cloud Computing Grid and Community Computing
Community computing projects assemble a grid of donated CPU resources using volunteers idle cycles
Example: The BOINC software by UC Berkley is an Open-source software for volunteer computing and grid computing.
BOINC lets you donate your idle computer time to science projects like SETI@home, Climateprediction.net, Rosetta@home, Folding@home, World Community Grid, and many, Folding@home (http://boinc.berkeley.edu/download.php)
Uses Screensavers (windows) or low-priority process (linux)
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201113
What is Cloud Computing Grid and Cloud Computing
Resource Sharing: Grid enhances fair sharing of resources across organization. Cloud provide resources according to demand so no actual
sharing of resources due to the isolation through virtualization
Virtualization: Grid: virtualization covers both data and resources (flat file and
database). Cloud adds virtualization for hardware resources too
Security: Grid: security is not seriously explored. Cloud: Each user has a unique access to the virtualized
environment
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201114
What is Cloud Computing Grid and Cloud Computing
Usability: Clouds are easily usable hiding the deployment details from the
user. Grid: hard to manage
Payment model: Cloud use pay- per use model. Grid fixed rate per service.
Scalability Both Grid and cloud deals with scalability
Heterogeneity: Both cloud and grid support aggregation of heterogonous
hardware and software.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201115
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?• Examples of Campus clouds• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201116
Benefits of Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a model that supports everything as a service
(XaaS), e.g, the X changes to an I for, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Physical resource set (PRS):
is hardware dependent or vendor dependent
Virtual resource set (VRS): is built on top of PRS
to run in multivendor cloud
Infrastructure-as-a-Service Providers
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201117
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201118
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Platform as a service (PaaS): Java or .NET
Platform as a service Providers
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201119
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201120
Benefits of Cloud Computing Software as a service (SaaS): e.g Gmail, Google Docs, Matlab,
Software-as-a-Service Providers.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201121
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201122
Benefits of Cloud Computing Human as a service (HaaS): Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk)
is one of the suites of Amazon Web Services, a crowdsourcing marketplace that enables computer programs to coordinate the use of Human Intelligence to perform Tasks (HITs) which computers are unable to do
Workers can work on-line and make money by choosing from thousands of posted HITs.
US-based CrowdFlower has introduced a cloud labor service that connects organizations searching for temporary workers to refugees in Kenya , The iPhone app helps a business outsource a basic task, such finding a phone number for marketing departments at various companies and entering them into a spread sheet. Workers in Kinya have completed 158,000 tasks, individuals earn as much as $28/week, 8 times what they get from typical jobs in a refugee camp”
Human-as-a-Service Providers
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201123
“In India Cloud Computing is projected to grow from a 50 Million industry in 2009 to a $15 Billion Industry in 2013”S. Greengard “Cloud Computing and Developing Nations,” Communications of the ACM, May 2010.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201124
Benefits of Cloud ComputingThe Big Picture of the Cloud Layered Architecture
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201125
Benefits of Cloud Computing
The Provided services in the Cloud are the following: Virtualized physical resources, Virtualized infrastructure, Virtualized middleware platforms Virtualized business applications
Cloud computing reduces the need for advanced hardware on the clients side Clients can use inexpensive small Net Books and virtually have the
processing power of an expandable Grid computing system No need to buy a set of software or software licenses Data is no longer confined to the user's hard drive, will be able to access
data and applications from anywhere at any time. There is no more lost data due to hard drive failures
Corporations would save money on IT support, and No need for space to house expensive hardware and software servers.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201126
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?• Examples of Campus clouds• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201127
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Providing Support for both Service Users and Service Providers
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201128
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Service Providers: Development Services, or Build and Test Services, Software Engineering Methodologies and tools How to manage clouds for Application Lifecycle Management The Cloud manager can limit projects to certain clouds, control costs,
manage security, or supplement resources during peak use
Service Users: easily usable clouds, hiding the deployment details from the user using virtualization,
Security and privacy are the biggest concerns Cost accounting data , and usage tracking for Multiple
Clouds. “if the utility models were adequate, the challenges to cloud
Computing could be solved with electricity-like solutions, but they can not”
Brynjolfsson et al, Communications of the ACM, May 2010
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201129
Challenges of Cloud Computing: Build and Test Workflow, Challenges at all three levels
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201130
Challenges of Cloud Computing: Build and Test Tasks Require complex environments
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201131
Challenges of Cloud ComputingModel-Driven Design
Interdisciplinary Development teams:
End-to-End Collaboration &
Change Management
Konstantinou et al
propose an approach and architecture for composition
and deployment of virtual software services in cloud environments.VTDC’09, June 15, 2009, Barcelona, Spain., ACM 978-1-60558-580-2/09/06
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201132
Challenges of Cloud ComputingCloud Management and Control
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201133
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support for IaaS
Apache Hadoop: A Java software framework that supports data-intensive distributed applications and enables applications to work with thousands of nodes and large amounts of data. http://hadoop.apache.org/
Nimbus is an open-source toolkit that, once installed on a cluster, provides an infrastructure as a Service cloud to its client via WSRF-based or Amazon EC2 WSDL web service APIs, http://www.nimbusproject.org/
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201134
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support
AbiCloud Supports SaaS
http://abicloud.org/display/abiCloud/Home
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201135
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support
enStratus Supports SaaS, ReliaCloud Supports IaaS
enStratus is a SaaS-based system for managing cloud infrastructures across multiple providers http://www.enstratus.com/
enStratus focuses on the deployment and ongoing management of transactional database applications in clouds like Amazon Web Services and ReliaCloud.
The main features of enStratus include cloud security and availability management.
ReliaCloud provides virtual Servers deployed within a virtualization environment that is architected to maximize uptime and performance. http://www.reliacloud.com/
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201136
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support for PaaS and IaaS
Sun Cloud is an on-demand Cloud computing service operated by Sun Microsystems. The Sun Cloud Compute Utility provides access to a substantial computing resource over the Internet for US$1 per CPU-hour.
The Rackspace Cloud is a web application hosting/cloud platform provider ("Cloud Sites") that bills on a utility computing basis. It has branched out into cloud storage ("Cloud Files") and cloud infrastructure ("Cloud Servers"), http://www.rackspacecloud.com/
Kaavo provides solutions for deploying and managing on-demand applications and workloads in the cloud.http://www.kaavo.com/home
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201137
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?• Examples of Campus Clouds• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201138
Making the case for Campus Clouds
College Campuses maintain significant Infrastructure of computing resources in computing Labs
This infrastructure is under utilized (many students use laptops and Net Books)
Service Providers and Users are in need for inexpensive computing resources
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201139
Making the case for Campus Clouds
Developing IaaS Campus cloud project aggregating the computing resources of multiple college campuses would provide the following benefits: Providing extra Revenue to colleges from service providers and
businesses Providing students with an environment for learning the concepts of
cloud computing Providing college systems maintenance team (professionals and
students) with the experience of dealing with Cloud service providers and Cloud users
Provides stronger ties between academia and industry Motivates the Industry to invest in academic computing resources Academic research will benefit from Campus clouds
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201140
OUTLINE
• What is Cloud Computing ?– Examples of Campus clouds
• Benefits of Cloud Computing, – What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds• Conclusions
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201141
Conclusions
Cloud computing has emerged to provide inexpensive on-demand pay per use computing resources
Cloud computing is closely related to grid computing and utility computing.
Software Engineering Methodologies and tools are needed for cloud developers (Cloud-based Service-Oriented Engineering)
Security and privacy are the biggest concerns of cloud computing users and developers
Campus Clouds can bring revenue for computing resources, enhance student learning, strengthen ties with Industry, and enhance academic research.
Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Jan. 5, 201142
� خيرا �الله �وجزاكم
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