arch 1130 building technology i...aug 08, 2014  · arch 1130 to meet the code requirements for fire...

ARCH 1130

Professor Montgomery

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY I

FALL 2013

SUBJECT

DATE PROFESSORFALL 2013 MONTGOMERY

WOODheavy timber frame construction

chapter 4

this week

fundamental role from ancient architecture to modern times

halftimbering

fire resistance

mill construction

detailing around wood shrinkage

heavy timber frames and masonry walls

longer spans:

portal frames

trusses

arches and domes

objective: overview of heavy timber construction and its critical position in the development of modern wood frame construction

Professor Montgomery arch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST.professor Montgomery

use in ancient worldarch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST.professor Montgomery

use in ancient worldarch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

evolution of the frame arch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

halftimbering: brace framearch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

halftimbering: brace framearch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

halftimbering: brace framearch 1130

professor Montgomery arch 1130 halftimbering: brace frameHEAVY TIMBER CONST.

professor Montgomery arch 1130HEAVY TIMBER CONST. translated to New World

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

fire resistancearch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

fire resistancearch 1130

WOOD’S ABILITY TO IGNITE AND CATCH FIRE IS A FACTOR OF THE SIZE OF THE ELEMENT

LARGE TIMBERS HAVE A GREATER CAPACITY TO ABSORB HEAT

THIS CAPACITY RESULTS IN LARGE TIMBERS BEING MUCH SLOWER TO CATCH FIRE AND BURN

WHEN EXPOSED TO FIRE, LARGE TIMBERS PERFORM BETTER THAN UNPROTECTED STEEL

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

fire resistancearch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. IS AN ALLOWABLE SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION THAT IS COMPARABLE TO SOME FORMS OF STEEL, CONCRETE, AND MASONRY CONST.

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

fire resistancearch 1130

TO MEET THE CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE RESISTANCE, THE MINIMUM SIZE OF HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS ARE DEFINED IN THE CODE:(NOMINAL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES)

1. COLUMNS a. 8 X 8 (FLOORS)b. 6 X 8 (ROOFS ONLY)

2. BEAMS AND GIRDERSa. 6 X 10 (FLOORS)b. 4 X 6 (ROOFS ONLY)

3. TRUSSESa. 8 X 8 (FLOORS)b. 4 X 6 (ROOFS ONLY)

4. DECKINGa. 3” + 1” FINISH (FLOORS)b. 2” (ROOFS)

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

mill constructionarch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

mill constructionarch 1130

MILL CONSTRUCTION COMBINES THE FIRE RESISTIVE NATURE OF HEAVY TIMBER WITH AN INCOMBUSTIBLE EXTERIOR OF MASONRY (USUALLY BRICK)

THE TIMBER FRAMING SYSTEM PROVIDES OPEN FLOOR SPACE FOR A WIDE FLEXIBILITY OF USE

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

mill construction frame systemarch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

mill construction frame systemarch 1130

professor Montgomery arch 1130HEAVY TIMBER CONST. detailing mill construction

WOOD SHRINKAGE CAN CAUSE SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS IN FRAMED STRUCTURES.

DETAILING MUST REDUCE/ELIMINATE MOVEMENT RESULTING FROM SHRINKAGE

professor Montgomery arch 1130HEAVY TIMBER CONST. detailing mill construction

WOOD SHRINKAGE IS GREATEST PERPENDICULAR TO THE DIRECTION OF THE GRAIN

COLUMNS ARE INSTALLED WITH THE GRAIN ORIENTED VERTICALLY

BEAMS ARE INSTALLED WITH THE GRAIN ORIENTED HORIZONTALLY

BEAM HEIGHT WILL SHRINK SIGNIFICANTLY

professor Montgomery arch 1130HEAVY TIMBER CONST. detailing mill construction

COLUMN DETAIL DESIGNED TO TRANSFER VERTICAL LOAD TO COLUMN BELOW WITH LOAD PATH BYPASSING HORIZONTAL BEAMS.

STEEL IS OFTEN USED TO TRANSFER THE LOAD

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

detailing mill constructionarch 1130

ANCHORING TIMBER BEAMS INTO MASONRY WALLS

professor Montgomery arch 1130HEAVY TIMBER CONST. detailing mill construction

ANCHORING TIMBER BEAMS IN MASONRY WALLS THREE PROBLEMS TO SOLVE:

1.PROTECT THE WOOD BEAM AGAINST DECAY2.BEAM MUST BE SECURED TO THE MASONRY

WALL3. IF BEAM FAILS, MUST NOT CAUSE STRUCTURAL

DAMAGE/COLLAPSE OF MASONRY WALLFIRE CUT STRAIGHT CUT

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

longer spansarch 1130

HEAVY TIMBER CONST. professor Montgomery

longer spansarch 1130

PORTAL FRAME TRUSSES ARCHES AND DOMES

TYPICAL HEAVY TIMBER FRAMES SPAN 20’-30’. LONGER SPANS CAN BE ACHIEVED USING ONE OF THE ABOVE SYSTEMS.

wrap up open and “honest” method of construction

significant fire resistance

warmth and texture of wood

from a renewable source

exposed structural elements give definition and order to interior spaces

H E A V Y T I M B E R F R A M E CONSTRUCTION IS AN LONG LIVED METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THAT STILL OFFERS A UNIQUE QUALITY A N D P O T E N T I A L F O R CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE.

Professor Montgomery arch 1130