argument, principle, and value judgement

Argument, Principle, and Value Judgement

Argument, Principle, and Value Judgement

NACIS 2016NACIS 2016

1

They tend to be generalized and often do

not have a specified scale or show the

graticule. The symbolization tends to be

bold and evocative, with elements such as

graphic bomb bursts and tapered arrows,

indicating action and movement. In

addition, explanatory labels are often

incorporated to convey specific details of

the event. Finally, color is sometimes

used to provide even greater visual

impact.

PropagandaPropaganda

2

They tend to be generalized and often do

not have a specified scale or show the

graticule. The symbolization tends to be

bold and evocative, with elements such as

graphic bomb bursts and tapered arrows,

indicating action and movement. In

addition, explanatory labels are often

incorporated to convey specific details of

the event. Finally, color is sometimes

used to provide even greater visual

impact.

... simplistic design, with background and

other detail [...] omitted. This often

includes scale, latitude and longitude lines,

roads, and other items that would provide

an accurate frame of reference. Also, an

unsuitable projection is often used (and is

usually unnamed).

PropagandaPropaganda PropagandaPropaganda

JournalismJournalism

X

3

They tend to be generalized and often do

not have a specified scale or show the

graticule. The symbolization tends to be

bold and evocative, with elements such as

graphic bomb bursts and tapered arrows,

indicating action and movement. In

addition, explanatory labels are often

incorporated to convey specific details of

the event. Finally, color is sometimes

used to provide even greater visual

impact.

... simplistic design, with background and

other detail [...] omitted. This often

includes scale, latitude and longitude lines,

roads, and other items that would provide

an accurate frame of reference. Also, an

unsuitable projection is often used (and is

usually unnamed).

...predominant characteristics of

simplicity, direct presentation, and

dynamic style

Journalism?Journalism? Propaganda?Propaganda?

4

Propaganda?Propaganda?

Jam

es T

hur

ber

or Proper Gander?or Proper Gander?5

1. Are there discoverable, testable, and decidable differences between propaganda maps and other maps?

2. Can we discover these differences through an examination of a map's physiognomy?

That is: is there a cartographic difference?

6

what is Cartography?what is Cartography?

... a narrative journey of progress from darkness to enlightenment, in the course of which maps become supposedly more 'accurate' and more 'objective’.

map user ’s Cognitive Realm

map maker ’s Cognitive Realm

misconceptions of Real ity

Reality

map user ’s Cognitive Realm

map maker ’s Cognitive Realm

misconceptions of Real ity

Reality

B

A

R

R

B

A

R

R

~~

Venn Diagram from: Joel L. Morrison The Science of Cartography and Its Essential Processes

Cartographica. Monograph 19

7

Cartography is the detailed and scientific study of a communication channel.

... a narrative journey of progress from darkness to enlightenment, in the course of which maps become supposedly more 'accurate' and more 'objective’.

what is Cartography?what is Cartography?

Joel L. Morrison

8

... a narrative journey of progress from darkness to enlightenment, in the course of which maps become supposedly more 'accurate' and more 'objective’.

In so far as the technical production does not distort the data collected from the 'real world' the 'good cartographer' is successful, and in so far as the map-reader interprets the information accurately, he or she is a good map-reader.

Cartography is the detailed and scientific study of a communication channel.

what is Cartography?what is Cartography?

Joel L. Morrison

9

what is Cartography?what is Cartography?

... a narrative journey of progress from darkness to enlightenment, in the course of which maps become supposedly more 'accurate' and more 'objective’.

In so far as the technical production does not distort the data collected from the 'real world' the 'good cartographer' is successful, and in so far as the map-reader interprets the information accurately, he or she is a good map-reader.

This scientistic reading of the story of maps and the craft origins of the field of cartography have each inscribed in our understanding of maps a narrow field of what counts as a legitimate map.

Cartography is the detailed and scientific study of a communication channel.Joel L. Morrison

10

every map must bepersuasive

every map must bepersuasive

1111

which is which?which is which?1212

Jacques Derrida

pharmakonpharm

akon

1313

Persuasive Propaganda?Persuasive Cartography?Persuasive Propaganda?Persuasive Cartography?

14

APPLIEDETHICSAPPLIEDETHICS

15

APPLIEDETHICSAPPLIEDETHICS

16

True ethical questions are much broader

than mere questions of accuracy and

precision.

APPLIEDETHICSAPPLIEDETHICS

Patrick McHaffle

17

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVE

NON-NORMATIVE

NORMATIVE

NON-NORMATIVE

18

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVE

NON-NORMATIVE

NORMATIVE

NON-NORMATIVEMETA-ETHICSDESCRIPTIVE ETHICSMETA-ETHICSDESCRIPTIVE ETHICS

19

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

UtilitarianUtilitarian

John Stuart Mill

20

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Utilitarian

Deontological

Immanuel Kant

John Stuart Mill

21

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue Immanuel Kant

Aristotle

John Stuart Mill

22

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Principle of Utility

Immanuel Kant

Aristotle

John Stuart Mill

23

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Categorical Imperative

Principle of UtilityPrinciple of Utility

Immanuel Kant

Aristotle

John Stuart Mill

24

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Ethics of Character

Principle of UtilityPrinciple of Utility

Categorical ImperativeCategorical Imperative

Immanuel Kant

Aristotle

John Stuart Mill

25

ETHICSETHICSNORMATIVENORMATIVE

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Utilitarian

Deontological

Virtue

Ethics of CharacterEthics of Character

Principle of UtilityPrinciple of Utility

Categorical ImperativeCategorical Imperative

Immanuel Kant

Aristotle

John Stuart Mill

26

States of the Empire. Christoph NiemannEmpire: No Zone IX. 2004

27

Michel Foucault28

POWERPOWER

Michel Foucault29

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

Michel Foucault30

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

ORDER

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

ORDER

Michel Foucault31

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

ORDER

POWER

KNOWLEDGE

ORDER

classify

marginalize

control

classify

marginalize

control

Michel Foucault32

good vs bad

true vs false

high vs low

normal vs deviant

sane vs insane

good map vs bad map

legitimate map vs propaganda map

good vs bad

true vs false

high vs low

normal vs deviant

sane vs insane

good map vs bad map

legitimate map vs propaganda map

.

.

.

.

.

D I S C O U R S ED I S C O U R S E

Michel Foucault33

Oil and the US MilitaryAmy Balkin and Josh On

Empire: No Zone IX. 200434

35

Scapegoat 1854-6 Holman Hunt

36

37

Edward Bernays

38

We did not call it Propaganda, for that word, in German hands, had come to be associated with deceit and corruption.

-George Creel

39

1. Are there discoverable, testable, and decidable differences between propaganda maps and other maps?

40

1. Are there discoverable, testable, and decidable differences between propaganda maps and other maps?Y E SY E S

41

1. Are there discoverable, testable, and decidable differences between propaganda maps and other maps?

2. Can we discover these differences through an examination of a map's physiognomy?

That is: is there a cartographic difference?

Y E SY E S

42

1. Are there discoverable, testable, and decidable differences between propaganda maps and other maps?

2. Can we discover these differences through an examination of a map's physiognomy?

That is: is there a cartographic difference?

Y E SY E S

N ON O

43

In what vile part

of this anatomy

Doth the poisonous

propaganda lodge?

Tell me, that I may sack

the hateful mansion.

In what vile part

of this anatomy

Doth the poisonous

propaganda lodge?

Tell me, that I may sack

the hateful mansion.

Untitled from Declaration of Greater East Asian Cooperation published 1942 by the Great Japan Debate Society

44

Untitled from Declaration of Greater East Asian Cooperation published 1942 by the Great Japan Debate Society

45

Propaganda?Propaganda?or Cartography?or Cartography?

46

is it Propaganda?is it Propaganda?

47

Argument, Principle, and Value Judgement

Argument, Principle, and Value Judgement

NACIS 2016NACIS 2016The ENDThe END48