arts and craft that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative...
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Arts and Craft that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects
Textile Arts
The word textile is from Latin texere which means "to weave", "to braid"
or "to construct”
Most textile arts begin with twisting or spinning and plying fibers to make yarn called thread when it is very
fine and rope when it is very heavy.
Yarn spinning plant in North Carolina
The simplest textile art is felting, in which animal fibers are matted together using heat and moisture
The yarn is then knotted, looped, braided, or woven tomake flexible fabric or cloth, and cloth can be used to
make clothing and soft furnishings.
From hand looms to massive industrial
machines
From silkto polyester
Clothing and Carpets
Textiles have been a fundamental part of human life
since the beginning of civilization.But the function of
textiles has remained the same
The methods and materials to make
them have changed enormously
The Paracas culture of Peru produced some of the most “dazzling” textiles the world has seen. The Director of the British Museum, in selecting 100 objects to tell the history of the world,
chose a fragment of a Paracas textile. “These textile fragments are made of alpaca or llama wool and would originally have been part of a cloak. They depict flying shamans grasping human heads in
their talons. The bottom figure carries a knife used to behead his victim. They were
found wrapped aroundmummified bodies in the
great Paracas Necropolis inPeru. These 2000-yea old
textiles were preserved in thedry, dark conditions of
the tomb.” The fragmentshown is dated about 300 BC.
From early times, textiles have been used to cover the human body and
protect it from the elements; to send
social clues to other people; to store,
secure, and protect possessions; and to soften, insulate, and
decorate living spaces and surfaces.
Tyrian purple dye was an important trade good in the
ancient Mediterranean
Silk was a rare and special textile
The history of textile arts is also the history of international tradeThe silk road
brought the trade of Chinese silk to
India, Africa and Europe
Fabric dyes were valuable
Felt hatCarpet
CurtainTableclot
hLace collar
TightsBrocade
attire
Tastes for
luxury
fabrics lead
to
sumptuary
laws during
the Middle
Ages and
the
Renaissanc
e
Everyone
wants specialtextiles
Jacobean era portrait of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, by Robert Peake the Elder
The industrial revolution was a revolution of textile technology
The cotton gin The spinning jenny
The powerloom
Textile Artisansare replaced bymachines
The Luddites were 19th-century English textile artisans who protested against the newly-developed, labor-saving machinery from 1811 to 1817. The stocking frames, spinning frames and power looms introduced during the industrial revolution made it possible to replace the artisans with less-skilled, low-wage laborers, leaving them without work.
The textile arts also include those techniques which are used to embellish or decorate textiles – dyeing and printing to add color and pattern; embroidery and other types of needlework; tablet weaving; and lace-making.
Construction methods such as sewing, knitting, crochet, and tailoring, as well as the tools employed (looms and sewing needles), techniques employed (quilting and pleating) and
the objects made (carpets, hooked rugs, and coverlets) all fall under the category of textile arts.
All of these items – felt, yarn, and fabric, finished objects – are collectively referred to as textiles.
Textiles as art - the term fiber art or textile art is now used to describe textile-based decorative objects
which are not intended for practical use.
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