assigntment4 weapons in wwi
Post on 24-Apr-2015
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Weapons in WWI
By: Shawn Parker
Land Combat
Tube Artillery
•Hasn’t changed in the past three hundred years.
•Three Main Types
•Guns
•Mortars
•Howitzer
•Had poor mobility
Guns
• Fire projectiles at a very high velocity
• Flat trajectory• Greatest Range • The Picture to the
left shows a soldier carrying “Tommy Guns”, which is a submachine gun
Mortars
• Relatively light projectile
• Highs range of attack• Above 45 Degrees of
fire
Howitzer
• Extremely versatile weapon,
• Able to fire at both high and low angles
• Its muzzle velocity and range are less than a gun of comparable size, but it is far more accurate. This is a picture of a Howitzer used in World War I
Machine Gun
• When the United States entered World War I in 1917 the army possessed fewer than 1,500 machine guns.
• By July 1918 U.S. Army divisions were equipped with the new, water-cooled, .30-caliber Brownings.
• Marlin-Rockwell Company produced an air-cooled rapid-fire weapon for use on either tanks or a tripod.– They were proved to be ineffective and were shortly abandoned
• Fired belt-fed ammunition at a rate of 450 to 600 rpm
Tanks
• First developed by the British
• Only Great Britain, France and Germany deployed tanks
• Release pre-maturely
• Originally no effect, later improved.
•World War I tank outside the national museum
•Tank is very small
•Inside the tank grew very hot, very quick
Aircrafts and WWI
• Had a potential for battlefield reconnaissance and bombing missions
• Dog fights were fights between two combat pilots
• One mistake could cost a pilot his life
• They only expected combat pilots to live 40 to 60 hours of flight time
Chemical & Biological Warfare
• Early forms of Chemical warfare were designed to attack or disable enemies with flame
• Chlorine Gas
• Mustard Gas
• Phosgene
• Both sides hurried to protect themselves with gas masks
Chemical And Biological Warfare Continued…
• Improved means of delivering the toxins.
• Put in artillery and mortar shells
• Between the two sides 125,000 tons of gas was used
• Over 100,000 of the 1 million infected, died.
Gas Mask
• As you can see to the left, a French man and his dog are wearing gas masks to help prevent the inhalation of gases.
Chlorine Gas
• Drawing it into your lungs causes acute bronchitis
• Congests the face until a lively purple causing a large amount of pain
• Men saved themselves by covering their mouth and noses with a handkerchief covered in urine to neutralize the gas
Mustard Gas
• Could penetrate clothing• Gas masks only caused limited protection• Caused:
» Blindness» Sever burns» Large painful blisters
• Soldiers could not touch the effected areas or it would cause the blisters to spread
• Some effected soldiers could not stop themselves and tore themselves to death
Phosgene
• Could seep through many of the masks that were being worn
• A choking agent
• Made its way into the lungs, then turned into hydrochloric acid
Flame Thrower
• Designed to inflict casualty and destroy enemy material
• Germans created a portable flamethrower, a flammenwefer
• Projected a stream of burning petroleum at the enemy
Naval Destroyers
• Many uses:» Used to safeguard the battle fleets» Used to hunt down enemy submarines
• Became vital to the Ally’s forces with the implementation of the Convoy System
E-Boat
• Built by the United States
• First appeared in 1912
• First permanent radio on board
• Saw limited action in World War I
Anti-Submarine Warfare
• Germans U-Boats (Submarines) were becoming a problem
• British and French established an Allied Submarine Detection Investigation Committee which made 3 general ways of detections
Echo-Sounding (Sonar)
• Monitors noise and measures their magnetic displacement
• A quartz crystal vibrator, emits a high-frequency sound wave that passes through the water and is reflected back by any solid object it encounters.
• The depth is calculated by the amount of time it takes for the wave to return
Hydrophones
• An underwater microphone
• Used to hear sound that all submerged submarines make
• Monitored the sound
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