atp- energy in a molecule. energy what is work? -work is done whenever anything is moved. energy...

ATP- Energy in a ATP- Energy in a moleculemolecule

EnergyEnergy

What is work?What is work?

-Work is done -Work is done whenever anything is whenever anything is moved.moved.

Energy is the ability Energy is the ability

to do work.to do work.

EnergyEnergy

Energy is used to move ions and Energy is used to move ions and molecules across membranes in our molecules across membranes in our nerves and kidneys.nerves and kidneys.

Food is broken down into molecules that Food is broken down into molecules that can enter your cells.can enter your cells.

ATPATP

Exercise requires energy - so where does this Exercise requires energy - so where does this energy come from, and how can we replace it? energy come from, and how can we replace it?

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - a high energy ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - a high energy molecule consisting of three phosphates molecule consisting of three phosphates attached by energy bonds to adenosine. attached by energy bonds to adenosine.

ATPATP

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ADP ADP (adenosine diphosphate)(adenosine diphosphate)

This is a continual cycle - ADP is This is a continual cycle - ADP is converted back into ATP. converted back into ATP.

ATPATP

Adenosine TriphosphateAdenosine Triphosphate

ADPADP

Adenosine DiphosphateAdenosine Diphosphate

Ribose (sugar molecule)Ribose (sugar molecule) Ribose (sugar molecule)Ribose (sugar molecule)

Adenine (base)Adenine (base) Adenine (base)Adenine (base)

3 phosphates3 phosphates 2 phosphates2 phosphates

Do not writeDo not write FirefliesFireflies

Fireflies produce light by a process called Fireflies produce light by a process called BioluminescenceBioluminescence

How do autotrophs make How do autotrophs make sugar?sugar?

Autotrophs- organisms that make their own Autotrophs- organisms that make their own foodfood

1.1. Trap energy from sunlightTrap energy from sunlight

2.2. Use energyUse energycarbohydrates = carbohydrates = photosynthesis photosynthesis

Materials needed for Materials needed for plant Growthplant Growth

1.1. Raw materialRaw material

2.2. Energy sourceEnergy source

3.3. CatalystCatalyst

What is needed for photosynthesisWhat is needed for photosynthesis

Materials:Materials:Carbon dioxide, water, mineralsCarbon dioxide, water, minerals

Energy:Energy: Light Light

Catalyst:Catalyst: Chlorophyll Chlorophyll

Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide

GasGas Small part of the airSmall part of the air 0.03%0.03% = several hundred = several hundred

billion tons of CO2billion tons of CO2 w/out it plant would w/out it plant would

diedie

WaterWater

1.1. Life processes that occur in the cellLife processes that occur in the cell

2.2. Transport in the cellTransport in the cell

3.3. Supplies hydrogen needed during Supplies hydrogen needed during photosynthesisphotosynthesis

MineralsMinerals

A plant does not need soil for growth, but it needs A plant does not need soil for growth, but it needs mineralsminerals

Minerals needed by plantsMinerals needed by plantsCarbonCarbon HydrogenHydrogen OxygenOxygenIronIron NitrogenNitrogen PhosphorusPhosphorusPotassiumPotassium SulfurSulfur MagnesiumMagnesiumBoronBoron ZincZinc

MolybdenumMolybdenumCopperCopper ChlorineChlorineManganeseManganese

Energy needed for plant Energy needed for plant Growth Growth

The ultimate source of energy for life is The ultimate source of energy for life is the sun.the sun.

Only 1% of the solar energy is used by Only 1% of the solar energy is used by plants.plants.

Sunlight is the source of energy that Sunlight is the source of energy that powers the chemical rxn in every cell.powers the chemical rxn in every cell.

Catalyst needed for Catalyst needed for photosynthesisphotosynthesis

Green plants have green pigment called Green plants have green pigment called chlorophyllchlorophyll

Photosynthesis takes place only in the Photosynthesis takes place only in the presence of chlorophyllpresence of chlorophyll

Cont.Cont.

Chlorophyll is a catalyst.Chlorophyll is a catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that causes a A catalyst is a substance that causes a

chemical rxn to start and take placechemical rxn to start and take place it does not become part of the rxn or final productit does not become part of the rxn or final product

Chlorophyll traps energy of sunlight. Chlorophyll traps energy of sunlight. Absorbs light energy from sun and uses it to Absorbs light energy from sun and uses it to

power chemical rxn of photosynthesispower chemical rxn of photosynthesis

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PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

-process that produces energy (food) in -process that produces energy (food) in form of carbohydratesform of carbohydrates

-produces oxygen as byproduct-produces oxygen as byproduct

-light energy is stored as chemical -light energy is stored as chemical energyenergy

Light absorption Light absorption

Sun from the sun reaches earth as a Sun from the sun reaches earth as a white light.white light.

Light absorptionLight absorption

Objects appear a certain color because it Objects appear a certain color because it reflects that color and absorbs every reflects that color and absorbs every other color.other color.

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

Two pathways Two pathways

1. Light dependent reaction1. Light dependent reaction

2. Calvin reaction 2. Calvin reaction