aww2013: addressing groundwater management and rural climate change in shanxi province (prc)

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 1/24

AND RURAL CLIMATE CHANGE IN SHANXI 

PROVINCE  PRCAsia Water Week, ADB

13‐15 March 2013

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 2/24

•  Steenbergen, Sun  Xiangrong, Fan Caiying, Li  Hongyan,  Zhang Wen  Zhong, Frank  Radstake

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 3/24

Shanxi Province

• 104,000 abstraction points

• 3.5 rowth in usa e

• 12% less precipitation in

 50

years 

annually

• 6903 km2

 (25%)

 overused –

• Temperature increase 1.2 

degree Celsius, esp

 in

especia y in  ow ying areas

• geological disturbance and

mining

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 4/24

0188 ‐ PRC Grant

 Groundwater  Management Shanxi Provincial Government

Municipa an County governmentsAsian Development Bank

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 5/24

inxu – re ulated roundwater s stem

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 6/24

Qinxu – regulated groundwater system

• 11,000 ha

 under groundwater

irrigation• Alll wells equiped with

automated system operated‐ .  

• 1473 wells by swipe card

•Quota

 set

 annually for

• Increased use of  levelling andplastic mulch

, 

• Tiered water price ‐

depending on use of  quota 

water is

 40%

• Water levels rising since 2010 

>1.6 mtr

– RMB 0.41

‐0.55/unit

• Quotas can be exchanged

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 7/24

Water levels

 recorded

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 8/24

Water use recorded and billed 2

 tiers

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 9/24

ixian – controlled dri irri ation in 

reenhouses

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 10/24

Qixian

  , 

• 263m3/capita

• Groundwater use 173 of 

• Filter, frequencey converter,

dual pipeline, drip system, 

recharge

• Decline 0.76 m/yr

ertigation units

• Cost (all) RMB 6000/mu

•

• Upcoming greenhouse

agriculture

8000/mu

• Water saving 40‐60% 

.•

er zer sav ng‐

• Yield incresse 25‐40%

• Water  roductivit +90%

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 11/24

Plus some crops (zuccini) only grow in controlled

env ronmen

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 12/24

Re licated in loan ro ect

 and outside

 and im roved

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 13/24

Farmers union as

 drivin force

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 14/24

Other pilots:

s – co wea er rr ga on

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 15/24

Xi – labour saving spring micro irrigation for ‘golden 

pears

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 16/24

Pinghsun – micro‐sprinklers in mesh tents for prickly

as s oo

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 17/24

Pinghsun – micro‐sprinklers

Situation• Karst mountain, limited land

• Farm income RMB 2720/yr

Impact• Washes away aphids: better

• Prickley ash shoots (zanthoxylum) andwalnuts

Pilot

product

• Water  saving approx 40%

• Fertilizer/ pesticide

 saving

• Source development

• Central unit  – including filter

• Each field unit owns meter and mixingsystem for fertilizer/ pesticide

approx 40%

• Yield increase approx 20%

• Annual additional income RMB• Suspended micro

‐sprinklers

• Costs RMB 5000/mu  – including source 

development

4000/mu• Expanded this year to 220 to

1000 mu

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 18/24

Local enter rise ex andin its ca acit

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 19/24

Providin out rower su ort

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 20/24

NICHE PRODUCT

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 21/24

Lessons

• Groundwater = mana in   the water buffer

• Water price is

 substantial

•  

– Increased yields and better crops

– Reduced labour and reduced agrochemicals– Opportunties that were not there before

• Quick pay back (after maturity) and expansion

• Getting it technically right is

 important

• Role of  local enterprises and farmers union

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 22/24

MAIN LESSON

CREATING LOCAL 

ON WATER EFFICIENT 

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 23/24

7/29/2019 AWW2013: Addressing Groundwater Management and Rural Climate Change in Shanxi Province (PRC)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aww2013-addressing-groundwater-management-and-rural-climate-change-in-shanxi 24/24