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BANGLADESH
December 2016
QUICKSIGHTS REPORT
FOURTH ANNUAL FII TRACKER
SURVEYFieldwork completed in September 2016
Access – Access to a bank account or mobile money account means an
individual can use bank/mobile money services either via their own
account or via an account of another person.
Active account holder – An individual who has a registered account and
has used it in the last 90 days.
Active user – An individual who has used any financial services account
for any type of transaction in the past 90 days via his/her own account or
somebody else’s account.
Adults with DFS access – Adults (15+) who either own a DFS account
or have access to someone else’s account.
Advanced use of DFS – Advanced use of digital financial services
includes activities beyond basic cash-in/cash-out and person-to-person
transfers (e.g., savings, bill pay, investment, insurance, etc.).
Below the poverty line – In this particular study, adults living on less
than $2.50 per day, as classified by the Grameen PPI.
Cooperative – Typically, a business or other professional organization
that is owned and run jointly by its members, who share the profits or
benefits. Cooperatives can release some of the profits/funds as loans to
its members.
Digital financial services (DFS) – Financial services provided through
an electronic platform (mobile phones, electronic cards, the internet,
etc.).
Dormant accounts –Registered accounts that have never been used or
that have not been active (e.g., used in the past 90 days).
Grameen Progress out of Poverty Index (PPI) – A poverty
measurement tool from the Grameen Foundation wherein a set of
country-specific questions are used to compute the likelihood that a
household is living below the poverty line.
Informal lending or saving group – These are informal financial
services offered by individuals or groups at the community level. These
services are a part of the NBFI group of services, but do not offer a full
suite of financial services and, therefore, are not a part of formal finance.
Microfinance institution (MFI) – An organization that offers financial
services to low-income populations. Almost all give loans to their
members, and many offer insurance, deposit and other services.
Mobile financial service (MFS) or mobile money (MM) – A service
in which a mobile phone is used to access financial services.
Nonbank financial institution (NBFI) – A financial organization that
is not formally licensed as a bank or a mobile money provider, but whose
activities are regulated, at least to some extent, by the central bank within
the country. Such financial institutions include microfinance institutions
(MFI), cooperatives, Post Office Banks and savings and credit
cooperatives (SACCOs).
Post Office (Savings) Bank – A bank that has branches at local post
offices.
Registered active user – A person with a registered account that has
used it in the last 90 days.
Services beyond basic wallet – DFS transactions that go beyond
simple deposits, withdrawals or money transfers.
Unregistered/over-the-counter (OTC) user – An individual who has
used a financial service through someone else’s account, including an
agent’s account or the account of a family member or a neighbor.
Urban/rural – Urban and rural persons are defined according to their
residence in urban or rural areas as prescribed by the national bureau of
statistics.
BANGLADESH
2
Key definitions
Country context
BANGLADESH
• Bangladesh is going through a period of high economic growth, which is expected to continue in the near future.o The GDP growth rate averaged 6.5 percent over the past five years; the GDP growth rate in 2016 was the highest in the past decade at 7.05
percent.
• Bangladesh Bank, the central bank of Bangladesh, maintained a strong focus on financial inclusion in 2016. o The Bangladesh Bank successfully enacted a number of financial inclusion initiatives despite a major institutional setback in March 2016 when
hackers stole millions from the central bank, which resulted in the resignation of the then-governor.
o References to inclusive finance in the Bangladesh Bank’s 7th Five Year Plan FY2016-2020 and the Strategic Plan (2015-2019) indicate the
importance of financial inclusion as a primary goal.
o In July 2015, a dedicated Financial Inclusion Department was established within the Bangladesh Bank. The aim of the department is to “further
consolidate and better coordinate the financial inclusion initiatives in the central bank and of other public and private sector stakeholder […].”
o Draft Regulatory Guidelines for Mobile Financial Services released in August 2015 are yet to be finalized. These included limited ownership
stakes in mobile financial service providers to 15 percent per entity, and a requirement that at least four banks must form a consortium to achieve
a 51 percent majority-ownership share.
o In an attempt to stop the use of mobile phones for criminal activities, the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission announced a
mandatory “mobile phone SIM reregistration” campaign to increase biometric identification of SIM card holders. Immediately after the
reregistration deadline of May 2016, all unregistered SIM cards were permanently deactivated without any prior notice. This deactivation may
have played a role in reducing mobile phone sharing and borrowing, as individuals are less likely to share SIM cards registered in their names. It
also had an effect on increasing overall SIM card ownership.
• With respect to digital finance, according to Bangladesh Bank statistics, as of October 2016 there were more than 13.8 million
active MFS accounts and approximately 39 million registered MFS accounts.o Bangladesh Bank statistics measure the number of accounts, not the number of individuals as is the case with FII data. Both reflect a clear
growth in the mobile money market and suggest that a substantial minority of the population is utilizing the services.
o Based on the central bank’s supply side statistics, active account use grew in 2016, which closely mirrors the FII growth in active mobile money
account holders (from 8 percent of adult Bangladeshis in 2015 to 10 percent in 2016).
o The agent network in Bangladesh has continued to expand, from fewer than 400,000 agents in May 2014 to 671,300 in October 2016.*
o Despite the large number of mobile money providers, bKash remains the clear market leader, trailed by DBBL, in visibility and customer base.
Many licensed providers have yet to make any impression on the market.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016. 3*https://www.bb.org.bd/fnansys/paymentsys/mfsdata.php **http://www.tradingeconomics.com/bangladesh/gdp-growth
BANGLADESH
• Mobile money continues to see strong growth in Bangladesh, whereas the prevalence of
nonbank financial institution (NBFI) accounts dropped significantly, primarily due to a decline
in the use of microfinance institution (MFI) accounts.
o In 2015, mobile money access surpassed NBFI access (33 percent vs. 26 percent) but mobile money
registration (9 percent) remained lower than NBFI registration (24 percent).
o In 2016, NBFI access decreased by 10 percentage points to 16 percent, vs. 2015. At the same time, mobile
money access increased by 7 percentage points, from 33 percent in 2015 to 40 percent in 2016.
o For the first time in the four years of FII research, there are more mobile money registered accounts than
NBFI registered accounts, although the number of registered bank accounts still surpasses that of either
mobile money or NBFI accounts. However, registered mobile money accounts and active use grew between
2015 and 2016 (9 to 13 percent, and 8 to 10 percent, respectively), whereas bank account registration slightly
declined.
• Access and registered use of MFIs dropped from 2015, resulting in an overall decline in financial
inclusion numbers.
o The percentage of adults having access to full service MFIs dropped from 23 percent in 2015 to 14 percent in
2016, with the decline in access higher in rural areas, males, and individuals living below the poverty line.
o A likely explanation is that MFI loans, a primary use of MFIs, are historically used as “insurance credit” (i.e.,
individuals seek out MFI loans in times of economic uncertainty and downturns). However, along with the
recent surge in economic growth, with an average GDP growth of 6.5 percent between 2014 and 2016, there
may have been a simultaneous decline in the demand for loans. This is likely the reason for the drop in MFI
usage.
o This is reflected in the decrease in MFI account holder borrowing, which dropped from 19 percent in 2015
to 6 percent in 2016.
34%
are
financially
included
12% have a
full-service NBFI
account
17% have a
full-service bank
account
13% have a
registered mobile
money account
2016: Financial Inclusion*(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults,
N=6,000)
*Financial inclusion is defined as the percentage of individuals with a registered bank, mobile money or NBFI account. Overlap representing
those who have multiple kinds of financial accounts is not shown.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.4
Notable statistics
12
17
13
34
24
19
9
43
20
18
5
37
0
18
3
20
Nonbank financialinstitution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
2013 (N=6,000) 2014 (N=6,000) 2015 (N=6,000) 2016 (N=6,000)
9
13
10
27
19
13
8
34
16
12
4
28
0
12
3
14
Nonbank financialinstitution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
16
19
40
55
26
20
33
58
22
19
23
49
20
22
35
Nonbank financialinstitution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
BANGLADESH
Financial account access Registered financial service users(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults for each year)
Active* financial service users
NBFIs were not included in 2013 survey. Types of account ownership are not mutually exclusive. *A registered account used in the last 90 days.
NANA NA
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016. 5
Registered mobile money account use and ownership increased; NBFI access and
registration contracted considerably, decreasing overall registered financial service use
from 2015
BANGLADESH
Survey Summary
• Annual, nationally representative survey (N=6,000) of Bangladeshi adults aged 15+
• Face-to-face interviews lasting, on average, 73 minutes
• Fourth survey (Wave 4) conducted from 8/5/2016 to 9/4/2016
• Tracks trends and market developments in DFS based on the information gathered in the first survey, conducted in 2013, second survey, conducted in 2014, and third survey, conducted in 2015
Data Collection
• Basic demographics and poverty measurement (Grameen Progress Out of Poverty Index)
• Access/use of mobile devices
• Access/use of mobile money
• Access/use of formal financial services (e.g., bank accounts)
• Access/use of semi-formal and informal financial services (e.g., MFIs, cooperatives, village savings groups)
• Financial literacy and preparedness
• General financial behaviors
6
FII Bangladesh Tracker Survey details
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
BANGLADESH
Figures are weighted to reflect national census data demographics.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
% of survey % of survey
Gender Age
Male 51% 15-24 31%
Female 49% 25-34 26%
Geography 35-44 19%
Urban 32% 45-54 12%
Rural 68% 55+ 12%
Income Aptitude
Above the $2.50/day poverty line 24% Basic literacy 58%
Below the $2.50/day poverty line 76% Basic numeracy 98%
7
Survey demographics
BANGLADESH
Have a full-service NBFI account
Have a full-service bank account**
Have a registered
mobile money account
17%
12%
13%
To be considered
financially included,
individuals must have
accounts with institutions
offering financial services
beyond credit. Some
banks and many NBFIs
only offer credit services to
their customers.
*Overlap representing those who have multiple kinds of financial accounts is not shown.
**Throughout this report, bank account holders have accounts at full-service institutions, unless otherwise noted.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
34%Financially
included*
8
Just over one in three Bangladeshis are financially included, largely
through bank and mobile money use
BANGLADESH
More than six in 10 Bangladeshis own mobile phones but few have registered
mobile money accounts; very few have completed the customer journey to
monthly active use of advanced services
*Phone owners
2016: Distribution of Bangladeshi mobile phone owners at each major step in the customer
journey for mobile money, and conversion rate between steps(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults, N=6,000)
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.9
62%
Mobile phone
ownership
1%12% 10% 8%33%
.13.80.83.36.53
.19
Advanced active
registered use
(30 days)*
Registration* Active
registered use
(90 days)*
Active
registered use
(30 days)*
Trial/access*
.10
N/A
16
19
40
55
26
20
33
58
22
19
23
49
20
22
35
Nonbank financial institution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
2013 (N=6,000) 2014 (N=6,000) 2015 (N=6,000) 2016 (N=6,000)
BANGLADESH
Access to financial services(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults for each year)
Access to financial services declined vs. 2015, driven in large part by a
contraction in NBFI access; mobile money access grew by 7 percentage points
Types of accounts are not mutually exclusive.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016. 10
N/A
BANGLADESH
11
Registered financial service users(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults for each year)
Types of accounts are not mutually exclusive.
12
17
13
34
24
19
9
43
20
18
5
37
18
3
20
Nonbank financial institution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
2013 (N=6,000) 2014 (N=6,000) 2015 (N=6,000) 2016 (N=6,000)
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
Mobile money accounts drove the increase in registered financial account
ownership between 2015 and 2016; the decline in NBFI use caused overall
registered use to fall
The drop in registered NBFI users is mainly due to a
decline in the access and registered use of MFIs. This
drop reflects lower MFI loan prevalence in Bangladesh,
which can partially be explained by the fact that MFIs
are a source of loans in times of uncertainty. Given
strong economic growth in Bangladesh, there may be
decreased demand for MFI loans, thereby decreasing
overall MFI registered use.
9
13
10
27
19
13
8
34
16
12
4
28
12
3
14
Nonbank financial institution
Bank
Mobile money
Any financial service
2013 (N=6,000) 2014 (N=6,000) 2015 (N=6,000) 2016 (N=6,000)
BANGLADESH
Active financial account holders(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults)
Types of accounts are not mutually exclusive.
Active financial account holders(Shown: Percentage of registered users for each type of account, by year)
Inferring
few
dormant
accounts
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
NA
12
77
74
80
79
80
71
86
80
81
63
83
77
65
81
68
2013 2014 2015 2016
NA
Eight in 10 mobile money account holders use their accounts actively,
which is a greater proportion than bank or MFI account holders
85 7872
69
91 8784
75
9
1316 20
2 0 1 3 ( N = 7 5 8 ) 2 0 1 4 ( N = 7 1 6 ) 2 0 1 5 ( N = 8 3 9 ) 2 0 1 6 ( N = 7 9 8 )
Basic activities only (CICO and account management)
Basic activities or P2P only
At least one advanced activity
72
55
24
66
9793
8681
2
713 13
2 0 1 3 ( N = 1 4 1 ) 2 0 1 4 ( N = 2 2 5 ) 2 0 1 5 ( N = 4 0 0 ) 2 0 1 6 ( N = 5 4 9 )
Basic activities only (CICO and account management)
Basic activities or P2P only
At least one advanced activity
BANGLADESH
Bank uses, by type(Shown: Percentage of active bank account holders)
Due to the changes in the questionnaire some data points may not be directly comparable across years. Obtaining airtime through mobile money is no
longer considered an advanced activity.
Mobile money uses, by type(Shown: Percentage of active mobile money account holders)
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016. 13
More active mobile money users are using basic account activities only
9
9
10
13
19
17
24
7
5
8
10
15
15
20
10
11
10
9
7
7
7
23
22
24
27
32
31
39
Below poverty line (n=4,622)
Females (n=3,277)
Rural (n=4,016)
Total population (N=6,000)
Urban (n=1,984)
Males (n=2,723)
Above poverty line (n=1,378)
Active bank account holders Active mobile money account holders Active NBFI account holders All active financial account holders
BANGLADESH
Types of accounts are not mutually exclusive.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
2016: Active account usage by demographic(Shown: Percentage of each subgroup)
Largest gap in
active financial
account
holdings
14
Differences in active use of financial accounts are most pronounced across
the gender and above/below poverty line demographic groups
9-point
gender
gap
BANGLADESH
15
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
2016: Proximity to points-of-service (POS) for financial institutions(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults, N=6,000)
69
53 53
18
28
19
13
26
16 15 1722
33
20
13
25
3 4 5
12
1815
7 912
2825
48
21
45
67
40
Any POS Retail store withover-the-counter MM
kiosk
MM Agent Banking Agent Bank Branch ATM Informalsaving/lending group
MFI
Less than 1 km from home 1-5 kms from home More than 5 kms from home Don't know
A total of 64% of adults know of an MM kiosk
or agent within 1 km of their homes Nearly half of all adults do not
know of any ATM nearby
Compared to bank branches and ATMs, more consumers know of mobile
money agents within one kilometer of where they live
BANGLADESH
2016: Key indicators of preparedness for digital financial services (Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults, N=6,000)
2015 37% 64% 40% 98% 99% 96%
2014 31% 61% 62% 92% 93% 97%
2013 18% 58% 59% 84% 91% 95%
85%
Have access to
a mobile phone
31%
Ever send/receive
text messages
98%
Have basic
numeracy
98%
Have the
necessary ID*
59%
Own a
SIM card
62%
Own a
mobile phone
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
Access to mobile phones fell
due to a decline in phone
borrowing. This may have been
brought on by the SIM
reregistration campaign, which
permanently deactivated all
unregistered SIM cards.
16
Lack of mobile phone competency, seen in the low usage of text messages,
is a key challenge to overcome for increasing digital financial services use
The increase in SIM card ownership* from
2015 to 2016 reflects the effectiveness of the
government’s reregistration campaign,
requiring all unregistered SIM cards to be
registered by the May 2016 deadline.
*SIM card ownership is defined as having a SIM card registered in one’s own name.
91%
aware
2014 (N=6,000)
Conversion from awareness of mobile money providers* to mobile money use(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults for each year)
2015 (N=6,000) 2016 (N=6,000)
MM OTC use, 28%
MM registered
users, 13%
0.25
conversion
rate
0.36
conversion
rate
40% use
mobile
money**
0.44
conversion
rate
*Aware of at least one mobile money provider. **Adds to 40 percent because dormant accounts (0.6 percent) are excluded.
.
BANGLADESH
17
92%
aware91%
aware
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
MM OTC use, 24%
MM registered users, 9%
33% use
mobile
money
MM OTC use, 18%
MM registered users, 5%
23% use
mobile
money
Awareness of mobile money providers remains high; the conversion rate
from awareness to access grew year on year
BANGLADESH
18
Demographic trends for active registered mobile money account use (Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults who fall into each category*)
*Categories are not mutually exclusive.
Demographic trends for all registered mobile money account use (Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults who fall into each category*)
36
1
53
63
58
2
8
4
9
4
9
13
4
13
7
16
7
13
19
6
17
10
23
10
Total population Males Females Urban Rural Above poverty line Below poverty line2013 2014 2015 2016
The largest increases in registered account holders and active registered
mobile money use were seen among males, urban and above-poverty
populations
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
35
0.94
25
24
7
1
63
7
3
8
12
4
12
6
14
6
10
15
5
15
8
20
7
Total population Males Females Urban Rural Above poverty line Below poverty line2013 2014 2015 2016
0.8
0.8
1
2
2
3
3
5
Make MM transfers
Transfer money to savings/lendinggroup
Receive government payments
Receive wages
Pay for goods at store
Save/set aside money
Loan activities
Bill pay
BANGLADESH
2015 (n=400)
Advanced mobile money (MM) account uses(Shown: Percentage of active mobile money account holders, n=549)
Due to the changes in the questionnaire some data points may not be directly comparable across years. Obtaining airtime through mobile money
is no longer considered an advanced activity.
13%of active mobile
money account
holders have used at
least one advanced
mobile money
function
(vs. 13% in 2015,
7% in 2014,
and 2% in 2013)
2
2
0.5
1
0.0
3
19
Bill pay, loan activities and saving remain the primary advanced uses of
mobile money among active users
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
4
0.9
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.4
17
93
0
0.5
0
0
17
91
0.7
0
0.5
0.4
18
89
0
0
0
0.7
28
86
Mobi Cash
U Cash
M Pay
M Cash
DBBL
bKash
2013 (n=141) 2014 (n=225) 2015 (n=400) 2016 (n=549)
BANGLADESH
Active mobile-money account holders can have accounts with more than one provider.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
Active mobile-money provider account holdings (Shown: Percentage of active mobile-money account holders who report using selected providers, by year)
20
bKash continues to dominate the market while other providers’ influence
wanes
Question allowed for multiple responses.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
2016:Top reasons active account holders
start to use mobile money (Shown: Percentage of active mobile money account holders, n=549)
2
3
43
44
Somebody requested I open anaccount
I wanted a safe place tokeep/store money
I had to send money to anotherperson
I had to receive money fromanother person
2016: Top uses of mobile money services
among active account holders(Shown: Percentage of active mobile money account holders, n=549)
16
17
42
63
86
Receive money from another person
Send money to another person
Buy airtime top-ups
Deposit money
Withdraw money
BANGLADESH
21
P2P drives initial use, withdrawing and depositing become the main
reasons for active use
BANGLADESH
70%
30%
Reason for not signing up for mobile money(Shown: Percentage of OTC users, n=1,658)
%
I don’t need to, I don’t make any transactions 31
I can have all the services I need through an agent 14
Using an account is difficult 11
I don’t have a state ID or other required documents 9
I prefer that agents perform transactions for me 7
I don’t see additional advantages to registration over
OTC6
I don’t have enough money to make transactions with
using such an account5
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
2016: Mobile money use: registered vs. OTC(Shown: Percentage of mobile money users, n=2,314)
Registered OTC
The majority of mobile money users continue to access services over-the-
counter using agents to meet their needs
22
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
Pay/receive money to/from asavings/lending group
Made insurance related payments
Pay for large acquisitions
Loan activity
Receive G2P payments
Make bank to other financialinstitution transfer
Save/set aside money
Receive wages
Bought airtime top-ups
Bill pay
BANGLADESH
2015 (n=839)
5
2016: Advanced bank account uses(Shown: Percentage of active bank account holders, n=798)
20%of active bank
account holders have
used at least one
advanced banking
feature
(vs. 16% in 2015,
13% in 2014,
and 9% in 2013)
3
4
2
2
4
1
0
23
The proportion of active bank account holders using their accounts for
advanced purposes is growing
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 1 (N=6,000, 15+), September-November 2013; Wave 2 (N=6,000, 15+), June-August 2014; Wave 3
(N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
0.4
0.6
BANGLADESH
2016: Nonbank financial institution usage
(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults, N=6,000)
0.6
0.1
*
*
2015
2016
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
*Base numbers too small to report for OTC use.
Active accounts OTC use
While the use of microfinance institutions still dominates the NBFI sector, the
percentage of active MFI account holders dropped significantly in 2016 vs. 2015
24
0.1
0.1
*
*
2015
2016
2
1
2015
2016
17
8
2
3
2015
2016
Village saving
groups
Post Office Bank
Cooperatives
Microfinance
institutions
BANGLADESH
2016: Microfinance institution usage
(Shown: Percentage of Bangladeshi adults, N=6,000)
2016: Use of microfinance institution accounts*
(Shown: Percentage of microfinance account holders, n=663)
14%
86%
0.5
1
2
3
3
6
6
87
Insurance
Pay for goods at grocery store, etc.
P2P payments
Pay bills
Save/set aside money
Loans
Large acquisitions
Deposit/withdraw
A decline in those taking
MFI loans might reflect the
relatively stable economic
growth conditions in
Bangladesh, since many of
these loans are used as
“insurance” in times of
economic instability.
*Question allowed for multiple responses.
Nonusers of full-
service MFIs
Ever used full-
service MFIs
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker survey Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
MFI use is primarily driven by deposits and withdrawals; only six percent of
MFI account holders took loans in 2016 vs. 19 percent in 2015
25
BANGLADESH
Digital stored-value accounts: accounts in which a monetary value is represented in a digital electronic format and can be retrieved/transferred by the account
owner remotely. For this particular study, DSVAs include a bank account or NBFI account with digital access (a card, online access or a mobile phone
application) and a mobile money account.
Source: InterMedia Bangladesh FII Tracker surveys Wave 3 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2015; Wave 4 (N=6,000, 15+), August-September 2016.
Main FSP Indicator
2015 2016
Base Definition% %
Base n Base n
Adults (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts15% 15%
All adults6,000 6,000
Poor adults (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts11% 11%
All poor4,597 4,622
Poor women (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts8% 7%
All poor females2,546 2,599
Rural women (15+ ) who have active digital stored-value accounts 7% 6%
All rural females2,129 2,179
Adults (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts and use them to access
other financial services (beyond basic wallet, P2P and bill pay)
2% 2%All adults
6,000 6,000
Poor adults (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts and use them to
access other financial services (beyond basic wallet, P2P and bill pay)
1% 1%All poor
4,597 4,622
Poor women (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts and use them to
access other financial services (beyond basic wallet, P2P and bill pay)
1% 0.5%All rural females
2,546 2,599
Rural women (15+) who have active digital stored-value accounts and use them to
access other financial services (beyond basic wallet, P2P and bill pay)
1% 0.4%All poor females
2,129 2,179
26
Digital stored-value account ownership and the use of these accounts for
more advanced functions is static with 2015
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