bdd, gherkin, cucumber and why we need it
Post on 06-Apr-2017
111 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
BDD, Gherkin, Cucumber and why we need it
7
Impact Mapping
Story Mapping
Establishing a shared understandingWhy?
How?Code
Epics
Deliverables, Outputs
Impacts, Outcomes
Easier to define upfront Harder to define upfront
User Activities
User Stories
Goals
AcceptanceCriteria
Bugreports
Isolated,formalizedexamples
Examples
8
Collecting Acceptance Criteria
“I would try to put a book into the shopping cart …”
“I’d check whether the shopping cart is empty, when I enter the shop …”
As a potential customerI want to collect books in a shopping cart
So that I can order several books at once.
“Imagine this story is already implemented:
how would you verify it?”
“I would try to add 1000 books to the shopping cart …”
8
Collecting Acceptance Criteria
“I would try to put a book into the shopping cart …”
“I would try to remove a book from the shopping cart…”
“I’d check whether the shopping cart is empty, when I enter the shop …”
Books can be added to shopping cart.
Books can be removed from shopping cart.
Shopping cart should be empty when entering the shop.
... ? …
As a potential customer
I want to collect books in a shopping cartSo that I can order several books at once.
“Imagine this story is already implemented:
how would you verify it?”
“I would try to add 1000 books to the shopping cart …”
9
Usingexamples
12
Discussion of acceptance criteria
{
}
We would like to encourage new users to buy in our shop.Therefore we offer 10% discount for their first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwiddie.com/
12
Discussion of acceptance criteria
{
}
Register as “bart_bookworm”Go to “/catalog/search”Enter “ISBN-0955683610”Click “Search”Click “Add to Cart”Click “View Cart”Verify “Subtotal” is “$33.75”
We would like to encourage new users to buy in our shop.Therefore we offer 10% discount for their first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwiddie.com/
16
Discussion of acceptance criteria
publicvoidTestInitialOrderDiscount(){
Customer newCustomer= newCustomer();Order newOrder= newOrder(newCustomer);newOrder.AddBook(
Catalog.Find(“ISBN-0955683610”));Assert.Equals(33.75,
newOrder.Subtotal);}
Register as “bart_bookworm”Go to “/catalog/search”Enter “ISBN-0955683610”Click “Search”Click “Add to Cart”Click “View Cart”Verify “Subtotal” is “$33.75”
We would like to encourage new users to buy in our shop.Therefore we offer 10% discount for their first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwiddie.com/
13
Specification by ExampleExamples …• make abstract descriptions
better understandable
However …• examples are usually not formally
exchanged or documented
Examples Tests
Requirements
consist of
describe verifyfulfillment of
16
Discussionofacceptancecriteria
publicvoidTestInitialOrderDiscount(){
Customer newCustomer= newCustomer();Order newOrder= newOrder(newCustomer);newOrder.AddBook(
Catalog.Find(“ISBN-0955683610”));Assert.Equals(33.75,
newOrder.Subtotal);}
Register as “bart_bookworm”Go to “/catalog/search”Enter “ISBN-0955683610”Click “Search”Click “Add to Cart”Click “View Cart”Verify “Subtotal” is “$33.75”
We would like to encourage new users to buy in our shop.Therefore we offer 10% discount for their first order.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwiddie.com/
17
… with formalized examples
Given
When the user adds a book with the price of EUR 37.5 into the shopping cart
Then the shopping cart sub-total is EUR 33.75.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwidiee.com
the user has not ordered yet
18
Discover hidden assumptions
Actually, this is not quite right:Books on sale should be excluded.
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwidiee.com
19
Collaboration: 3 amigos
“HappyPath”
Technical feasability
Exceptions, border cases
Original idea for the illustration: George Dinwiddiehttp://blog.gdinwidiee.com
20
Abstract acceptance criteria
Asa shop visitorI want to collect books in my shopping basketso that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Books can be added to the shopping basket
Books can be removed from the shopping basket
Shopping basket is initially empty
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping basket
21
Examples in Gherkin
As a shop visitorI want to collect books in my shopping basketso that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Books can be added to the shopping basket
Given my shopping basket is empty
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Thenmy shopping basket should contain 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
22
Asa shop visitorI want to collect books in my shopping basketso that I can purchase multiple books at once.
Examples in Gherkin
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Thenmy shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping basket
23
The same book can be added multiple times to the shopping basket
Structure of examples
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
Title: Describes intention/abstract acceptance criterion
Arrange: Context, initial state of the system
Act: Execution of the feature
Assert: Assertion of observable behaviour
And I should see the warning: “Book already existed in basket”
Triple-Aconstraint“Checks”
Chainingup steps
25
Purpose of the examples
• Shared understanding of
acceptance criteria
• Documentation:
system details
•Regression-tests:violated assumptions
26
Continuous validation with automation
Given my shopping basket contains 1 copy of “Harry Potter”
When I add the book “Harry Potter” to my shopping basket
Then my shopping basket should contain 2 copies of “Harry Potter”
System
„Step Definitions“ are binding individual stepsto an automatable interface of the application.
Automatableinterface
UIAutomation
Automation does not necessarily have to bind to the UI.
Automatability of system is supported/evolving with development.
24
Automation examples
24
NO
https://github.com/radiant/radiant/tree/master/features/https://github.com/carrierwaveuploader/carrierwave/tree/master/featureshttps://github.com/webjam/webjam/tree/master/features
Better look at real projects
43
Conclusions• Examples• Illustrate abstract requirements• Trigger new questions: collaborative discovery• Shared understanding
• Living documentation• Automatically validated examples• Business readable regression tests• Reliable source of truth
• Gherkin based automated examples• Open source, cross-platform• Requirement details versioned with source code
44
Gherkin based automationtools
www.cukes.info
www.behat.org
Ruby, Java, JavaScript, C++
www.specflow.org
.NET, Mono, Silverlight, WP7
PHP
45
Books
top related