beef “it’s what’s for dinner”
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BEEF“IT’S WHAT’S FOR DINNER”
Presented by Sarah Mensen
Definitions
Bull
Cow
Steer
Outline
History Kurgan People India Spain The American
West Production and
Land use Breeds
Technology and Workers
Health, and Safety Consumption
Sustainable Beef?
History
Aurochs
Highland shorthorns
Mesopotamia
History
Religious experiences
Mythology Bulls-strength and power Cows represented fertility.
Greek God Dionysus
The Dinka wedding ceremony
Kurgan People
Neolithic Cowboys Ukraine The first to breed horses that could be ridden. Power
Herds, mobile, military.
Priests
Warriors
Commoners
India
Aryan nomads
Alliance with the people
Hindu vs. Buddhism
Holy Cow
Spain
The New World
Christopher Columbus
Fertilizing the New World
Mexican Independence
The first cowboy of America
The American West
Free land!!!
Buffalo
Native Americans
Colonel Richard Irving Dodge’s account
Production and Land Use
The life of a Steer
The Big Five
The Big Four
CAFOs
Grains vs. Grass
Grazing techniques
Breeds
Angus
Brahman
Texas Longhorn
Hereford
Technology and Workers
Assembly line
Workers
Food or Product?
Or
Health and Safety 1986: Discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly called mad
cow disease, in cattle in Britain. 1988: British government bans cattle feed containing cow parts and begins destroying
BSE-infected cattle. (Eventually 3.7 million cattle are killed.) 1990: British agriculture minister appears on television urging his 4-year-old daughter
to eat a hamburger, assuring the public that beef is safe. 1993: Canada reports its first case of mad cow disease. 1996: The British government admits BSE-infected beef may transmit mad cow
disease to humans in the form of vCJD, or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. (The classic form of CJD previously appeared mostly in the elderly.)
1997: The United States and Canada ban cattle feed containing cow parts. July 2001: The European Union tightens BSE testing; now, one out of four cows is
screened. September 2001: Japan reports its first case of mad cow disease. October 2001: Japan begins BSE testing on all cattle slaughtered for human
consumption. May 2003: Despite increased safety measures, scientists discover a single new case of
mad cow disease in Canada. Dec. 23, 2003: The United States reports its first case of mad cow disease in
Washington state. Dec. 30, 2003: The USDA announces new regulations on cattle slaughter, including
bans on using downer cattle and mechanically separated meat for human consumption.
Diet
Is it healthy? NutrientPlant-Based Foods*
Animal-Based Foods**
Cholesterol (mg)
- 137
Fat (g) 4 36
Protein (g) 33 34
Beta-carotene (mcg)
29,919 17
Dietary Fiber (g)
31 -
Vitamin C (mg) 293 4
Folate (mcg) 1168 19
Vitamin E (mg_ATE)
11 .5
Iron (mg) 20 2
Magnesium (mg)
548 51
Calcium (mg) 545 252
* Equal parts of tomatoes, spinach, lima beans, peas, potatoes**Equal parts of beef, pork, chicken, whole milk
Consumption
Total U.S. beef consumption: 2007: 28.1 billion pounds 2008: 27.3 billion pounds
U.S. beef exports (commercial carcass weight and value): 2007: 1.431 billion pounds, $2.175 billion 2008: 1.888 billion pounds, $2.978 billion
U.S. beef exports as percent of production: 2007: 5.4 percent 2008: 7.1 percent
U.S. cattle imports from Canada:
2007: 1.405 million head
2008: 1.581 million head
U.S. cattle imports from all sources:
2007: 2.495 million head
2008: 2.284 million head
Sustainable Beef
Is it possible?
Become a vegan or…
Eat less meat
Biliography Bovine Bazaar
2009 The History of Cattle Breed. Electronic document. http://www.bovinebazaar.com/history.htm. Accessed May 5, 2010.
Bill Ganzel2007 IBP, Boxed Beef & a New "Big Four." Electronic document.
http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/money_17.html Accessed May 5, 2010. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
2009 U.S. Beef and Cattle Industry: Background Statistics and Information. Electronic document. http://www.ers.usda.gov/news/bsecoverage.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.
National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service. 2004 Rotational Grazing Livestock Systems Guide. Electronic document.
http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/rotategr.html Accessed May 5, 2010 Keith Akers
Sustainable Beef? Electronic document. http://www.compassionatespirit.com/Sustainable-Beef.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.
Williams, David Willard. Beef Cattle Production in the South. Danville, Ill: The Interstate], 1941.
Campbell, T. Colin, and Thomas M. Campbell. The China Study: The Most Comprehensive Study of Nutrition Ever Conducted and the Startling Implications for Diet, Weight Loss and Long-Term Health. Dallas, Tex: BenBella Books, 2005. VegSource Interactive, Inc.
How Much Water to Make One Pound of Beef? Electronic document. http://www.vegsource.com/articles/pimentel_water.htm Accessed May 5, 2010.
Bibliography
Andreas, Carol. 1994. Meatpackers and beef barons: company town in a global economy. Niwot, Colo: University Press of Colorado.
Lodrick, Deryck O. Sacred Cows, Sacred Places: Origins and Survivals of Animal Homes in ndia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
Wuerthner, George, and Mollie Yoneko Matteson. Welfare Ranching: The Subsidized Destruction of the American West. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2002.
Eric Schlosser. 2002. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal New York: Houghton Mifflin
Andreas, Carol. Meatpackers and Beef Barons: Company Town in a Global Economy. Niwot, Colo: University Press of Colorado, 1994.
Rimas, Andrew, and Evan D. G. Fraser. Beef: The Untold Story of How Milk, Meat, and Muscle Shaped the World. New York, NY: William Morrow, 2008.
Hopkins, John A. Economic History of the Production of Beef Cattle in Iowa. Iowa City, Ia: State historical Society of Iowa, 1928.
Rifkin, Jeremy. Beyond Beef: The Rise and Fall of the Cattle Culture. New York, N.Y., U.S.A.: Dutton, 1992.
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