behavior driven development

Test Fasterwith Behavior Driven Development

Jennifer Starkey & Stephanie Vineyard

Why are we here?

Business Analysis Service Lead, Agile trainer and coach

Board member of the IIBA DC Chapter

CSM, CSPO, PMP, ITIL

Stephanie Vineyard

Business Analysis Lead on USCIS Verifications Project

CSM, CSPO, PMP

Jenn Starkey

Why does testing matter?What is Behavior Driven Development?What is the impact?How do I use this?

Intentions

Why does testing matter?

BABOK: Verify and Validate

Requirements

BABOK: Achieve stakeholders’

desired state

Agile Manifesto

15

Individuals and interactions over Process and tools

Working software over Comprehensive documentation

Customer collaboration over Contract negotiation

Responding to change over Following a plan

We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:

That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.

http://agilemanifesto.org/

Value to USCISU.S. Citizen Immigration Service – Status

Verification System

Enables better communication across cross-functional scrum teams

PO BA Dev Team

Ensures the team delivers business

value.

Helps to automateUAT!

What is BDD?Behavior Driven Development

Gherkin

gher·kinˈgərkin/noun1. a small variety of cucumber, or a young green cucumber used for pickling.Business readable, domain specific language

Gherkin syntax

• Given < situation >• When < action >• Then < expected result >

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Let’s see it in action

How USCIS Verifications is Using BDD

Code Gets Merged to MasterPipeline Runs all Cucumber Tests

Devs Write Code and Gherkin ScriptsFeeds the AC into Automated Testing Tool

BAs Assist the PO to Write ACGiven/When/Then

BAs Enter Stories into Jira

Given unavailable user is logged in and viewing casesWhen the user selects available status Then the user sees their current status as availableAnd the verifier receives an active case

Devs Write Gherkin Scripts

Devs Merge Code

UAT is Automated!

What were the results?• Demo and implement agile best

practices in the federal government• Went from project kick-off to

production in 3 months• Continuously improve as a team

Why does testing matter?What is Behavior Driven Development?What is the impact?How do I use this?

Intentions

Try it out

Example – start with the user story then create your BDD

User Story: As a customer, I want to review shipping costs in my shopping cart before checking out, so I can see if I will receive free shipping.

Acceptance Criteria:• Orders less than $50 pay shipping of $3.99• Orders greater than $50 have free shipping

Gherkin syntax

• Given < situation >• When < action >• Then < expected result >

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Exercise 1Scenario: Standard Shipping RateGiven I am a customerAnd my order amount is $49.99When I view my cartThen I see that shipping costs are $3.99

Scenario: Free Shipping RateGiven I am a customerAnd my order amount is $50.00When I view my cartThen I see that shipping costs are $0.00

Scenario OutlinesFeature: Determine shipping rate

Scenario Outline: Standard shipping rate• Given that I am a customer• And my order amount is <order amount>• When I view my cart• Then I see that shipping costs are <shipping cost>

Example Tables:| order amount | shipping cost| $49.99 | $3.99| $50.00 | $0.00| $75.00 | $0.00

Exercises

• In small groups, review scenario 1 and 2.

• How could these be better written?

Scenario 1

OkayExample:GivenanactiveuserwithvalidcredentialsandthatuserhaspreviouslysubmittedaticketWhenthatuserfindsapreviouslysubmittedticketinanactivestatusThenthatuserhastheoptionofsendingamessage

BetterExample:GivenIamanactiveuserwithvalidcredentialsAndIpreviouslysubmittedaticketAndtheticketisinanactivestatusWhenIfindapreviouslysubmittedticketThenIshouldseeanoptionforsendingamessage

Exercise 2

OkayExample:GivenIamanunregistereduserWhenIenter“jsmith”in“username”and“secret123!”in“password”AndIpressthe“OK”buttonThenIsee“Profilesuccessfullycreated”ontheWelcomepage

BetterExample:GivenIamanunregistereduserAndIenter“<username>”AndIenter“<password>”WhenIpressthe“OK”buttonThenIsee“<message>”ontheWelcomepageExamples:

username password messagejsmith secret123! Profile successfully created

jsmith2 secret123 Your password must contain a special character

Feature: CreatenewaccountScenario: Usercreatesaccountsuccessfully

Imperative Style

Feature: CreatenewaccountScenario: Usercreatesaccountsuccessfully

Imperative(Narrative)GivenIamanunregistereduserAndIamontheloginpageAndIenter<username>AndIenter<password>WhenIselectthe“OK”buttonThenIsee<message>onthewelcomepage

ImplementationDetail– whatifdecidetouseToken-basedauthenticationorsinglesign-on?

UIDetail– whatiftheuserinterfacechangesandyouselectnamefromadrop-downlistorselectaradiobutton?

Declarative Style

Feature: CreatenewaccountScenario: Usercreatesaccountsuccessfully

Declarative(Informative)

GivenIamanunregistereduserAndIamontheloginpageWhenIsubmitvalidcredentialsThenIseethewelcomepage

Side-by-side ComparisonFeature: CreatenewaccountScenario: Usercreatesaccountsuccessfully

Imperative(Narrative) Declarative(Informative)

GivenIamanunregistereduserAndIamontheloginpageAndIenter<username>AndIenter<password>WhenIselectthe“OK”buttonThenIshouldseethewelcomepage

GivenIamanunregistereduserAndIamontheloginpage

WhenIsubmitvalidcredentialsThenIshouldseethewelcomepage

Background Statement

Why does testing matter?What is Behavior Driven Development?What is the impact?How do I use this?

Were our intentions met?

Jennifer StarkeyJennifer.starkey@excella.

com

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jennifer-starkey

Stephanie Vineyard

Stephanie.vineyard@ex

cella.com

Twitter: @tesiemae

LinkedIn:

https://www.linkedin.co

m/in/smvineyard

Behavior Driven Developmentis a product which has just enough features to gather validated learning about the product and its continued development...

Minimal Viable Product (MVP)is a product which has just enough features to gather validated learning about the product and its continued development.

Acceptance Testis a …

Agile ManifestoIndividuals and interactions over Process and toolsWorking product over Comprehensive documentationCustomer collaboration over Contract negotiationResponding to change over Following a plan

Terminology