behaviorism vs cognitivism
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7/29/2019 Behaviorism vs Cognitivism
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Behaviorism
vsCognitivism
Group 4
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Behaviorism were built on the work of Pavlov, Watson andB.F.Skinner,
Cognitivism were built on the work of Kohler, Tolman ,Gagne ,
Ausubel ,Vygotsky, Piaget and Bruner.
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Behaviourism vs Cognitivism
• Behaviourism
a theory that it’s perspective may be defined as a change of behavior as a result
experience-that can be measured
• Cognitivism
• a theory that it’s perspective is a change in mental representations and associa
brought about by experiences.
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Differences
Behaviourism Cognitivism
Determine which cues elicit the desired
responses.
Focus on the mental activities of the l
Arrange practice situations so they will prompt elicit responses in a “natural” setting.
Acknowledge the processes of the meplanning, goal-setting, and organizati
strategies.
Arrange environmental conditions to enhance
stimuli
Stress over efficient processing strate
Focus on the design of the environment to
optimize learning.
Make use of feedback (knowledge of f
to guide and support accurate mental
connections
Use feedback (reinforcement) to modify
behavior in the desired direction.
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• Behaviourist approach
• Cognitive approach
Instructional
manipulation
Outcome performance
Learner’scharacteristic
Instructionalmanipulation
Learningprocess
Learningoutcomes
Outcomeperformance
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Differences between Behaviorism and Cogni
Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
presentation of
“scientifically” graded
language items.
Control grading, but not s
“scientifically”
controlled. (in te
of what the learn
brings to the activ
of learning.)
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
should not be made at
all.
Error can be made, sinc
through errors on
learn.
Differences between Behaviorism and Cogni
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
drills and drills,
constant repetition is
definitely necessary.
Practice important, but ro
learning and
meaningless repe
is out.
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
a passive recipient of
planned instruction.
Role of learner an active process
learning. One wh
internal data
processing mech
operate
Differences between Behaviorism and Cogni
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
one who teaches,
plans, presents
language items and
exercises, makes
students repeat drills
and gives correctlanguage forms.
Role of teacher : one who create
opportunities for
learning to occur
the help of the
learner’s data
processing
mechanism.
Differences between Behaviorism and Cogni
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
based on the structures
and vocabulary of
language presented
systematically.
Language syllabus could be less
systematically
presented structu
and vocabulary,
functions, notion
situations, andcognitive functio
Differences between Behaviorism andCognitivism
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Behaviorism Aspect Cognitivism
Strict, clear, step by
step (lock-step
method)
Grading cno so definite, s
the individual
language learner
involved.
Differences between Behaviorism and Cogniti
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Similarities
both theories emphasize the role that environmentalconditions play in facilitating learning, as well asemphasis on the role of practice with corrective
feedback.
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The end
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