bell question define the following terms: 1. rotation 2. revolution 3. precession 4. nutation answer...
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Bell QuestionBell QuestionDefine the following terms:Define the following terms:
1.1. RotationRotation
2.2. RevolutionRevolution
3.3. PrecessionPrecession
4.4. NutationNutation
Answer the following question:Answer the following question:
5.5. What would happen if the Earth’s axis What would happen if the Earth’s axis were not tilted 23.5were not tilted 23.5. (If it were straight . (If it were straight up and down.)up and down.)
Grid System and Grid System and TimeTime
LatitudeLatitude
Distance north or south of the Distance north or south of the equator equator
Equator = 0° latitudeEquator = 0° latitude
LongitudeLongitude
Distance east or west of the Prime Distance east or west of the Prime Meridian Meridian
Prime Meridian = 0° longitude ; Prime Meridian = 0° longitude ; passes through Greenwich, Englandpasses through Greenwich, England
Greenwich, England Greenwich, England 0° Longitude (Prime Meridian)0° Longitude (Prime Meridian)
ExampleExample
What city is located at 37°S and What city is located at 37°S and 144°E?144°E?
AnswerAnswer
Melbourne, Australia Melbourne, Australia
ExampleExample
What city is located at 40°N and What city is located at 40°N and 105°W?105°W?
AnswerAnswer
Denver, Colorado Denver, Colorado
Distance Between Lines of LatitudeDistance Between Lines of Latitude
69 mi/° * Difference in Degrees of 69 mi/° * Difference in Degrees of LatitudeLatitude
ExampleExample
Calculate the number of miles Calculate the number of miles between Atlanta (33°N, 84°W) and between Atlanta (33°N, 84°W) and New York City (40°N, 74°W).New York City (40°N, 74°W).
AnswerAnswer
Diff in Latitude = 40°N - 33°N = 7°Diff in Latitude = 40°N - 33°N = 7° 69 mi/° * 7° = 69 mi/° * 7° = 483 miles483 miles
Distance ConstantDistance Constant
How many miles are there in 1° of How many miles are there in 1° of longitude at the equator given that longitude at the equator given that the circumference of the earth is the circumference of the earth is 24,860 miles and that there are 360° 24,860 miles and that there are 360° in a circle?in a circle?
24,860 mi24,860 mi = = 69 mi/°69 mi/°
360°360°
Distance Between Lines of Distance Between Lines of LongitudeLongitude
69 mi/° * Difference in Degrees of 69 mi/° * Difference in Degrees of Longitude * Cosine of Parallel Longitude * Cosine of Parallel
TraveledTraveled
ExampleExample
Calculate the number of miles Calculate the number of miles between Cairo (30°N, 31°E) and New between Cairo (30°N, 31°E) and New Delhi (28°N, 77°E). Assume travel Delhi (28°N, 77°E). Assume travel along the 29°N parallel.along the 29°N parallel.
AnswerAnswer
Diff in Longitude = 77°E - 31°E = 46°Diff in Longitude = 77°E - 31°E = 46° 69 mi/° * 46° * Cos(29°) = 69 mi/° * 46° * Cos(29°) = 2,777 mi2,777 mi
Time ZonesTime Zones
How many degree of longitude are How many degree of longitude are there in one hour (one time zone) there in one hour (one time zone) given that there are 360° in a circle given that there are 360° in a circle and 24 hours in a day?and 24 hours in a day?
360°360° = = 15°15°
24 h 24 h 1 h1 h
Time ZonesTime Zones
Standard time zones are spaced 15° Standard time zones are spaced 15° apartapart
For every 15° you move For every 15° you move westwest, , subtract one hour of timesubtract one hour of time
For every 15° you move For every 15° you move easteast, add , add one hour of timeone hour of time
ExampleExample
If it is 12 PM in Waterloo, Iowa what If it is 12 PM in Waterloo, Iowa what time is it in Springfield, time is it in Springfield, Massachusetts?Massachusetts?
AnswerAnswer
1 PM1 PM
1 hour difference, move east, so add 11 hour difference, move east, so add 1
International DatelineInternational Dateline
The 180° longitude parallel The 180° longitude parallel
International DatelineInternational Dateline
When you move west across the When you move west across the dateline, it is one day laterdateline, it is one day later
When you move east across the When you move east across the dateline, it is one day earlierdateline, it is one day earlier
The relationship between direction The relationship between direction traveled and time does not change traveled and time does not change (move west – one hour earlier; move (move west – one hour earlier; move east – one hour later)east – one hour later)
ExampleExample
If it is 1 PM in Juneau, Alaska on June If it is 1 PM in Juneau, Alaska on June 12, what time and day is it in Tokyo, 12, what time and day is it in Tokyo, Japan?Japan?
AnswerAnswer
7 AM ; June 137 AM ; June 13
Time, Distance, and Speed Time, Distance, and Speed Combination ProblemsCombination Problems
Departing Washington, DC (33°N, Departing Washington, DC (33°N, 77°W) at noon, [77°W) at noon, [at what speed] at what speed] would you have to travel in order to would you have to travel in order to land in Denver, CO (39°N, 105°W) land in Denver, CO (39°N, 105°W) precisely at noon? Assume travel precisely at noon? Assume travel along the 35°N parallel.along the 35°N parallel.
AnswerAnswer
105°W - 77°W = 28° (Diff in Long)105°W - 77°W = 28° (Diff in Long) D = 69mi/° * Cos(35°) * 28° = 1,582 miD = 69mi/° * Cos(35°) * 28° = 1,582 mi S = D/T = 1,582mi / 2h = S = D/T = 1,582mi / 2h = 791 mph791 mph
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