bell ringer: what features describe the new england, middle, and southern colonies? left group: new...

Bell Ringer:What features describe the New England, Middle, and

Southern Colonies?

Left Group: New EnglandCenter Group: Middle Right Group: Southern

What European countries had colonies in America?

Britain

France

Spain

Native Americans were also here trying to survive.

I. North America as part of the British Empire

A. Colonies provide raw materials to England

B. England controls American trade

C. England fights with France & Spain for control of North America

Bell Ringer: What are the

characteristics of the two sides in the war?

1’s tell 2’s 2 things about the British

2’s tell the 1’s 2 things about the French

North America in 1750North America in 1750North America in 1750North America in 1750

II. French & Indian War (1754-1763)

A. France & England fight for control of Ohio Valley & Canada

B. Early part of the war in western Pennsylvania

1. 1754 - Ft. Duquesne built by the French

a. Major George Washington sent by Virginia to kick French out of P A

b. GW defeated at Ft. Necessity - war begins

i. Kills a French diplomat & builds Ft. Necessity

Fort Duquesene

Fort Necessity

2. 1755 - GW returns with a larger British force

a. commander - General Edward Braddock

b. Braddock killed – mission fails

C. Strategic locations captured by the British

1. 1758 - Ft. Louisbourg (St. Lawrence River)

2. 1758 - Ft. Duquesne (Ohio River)

a. Rebuilt & named after the British leader, William Pitt

3. 1759 - Ft. Niagara (Great Lakes)

4. 1759 - Quebec (capital of New France)

a. French led by Montcalmb. British led by Wolfe

both killed

c. Battle occurs on the Plains of Abraham

Bell Ringer:

What effect did the war have on the

relationship between the British and the

American Colonists?

BritishBritish

• March in formation or March in formation or bayonet charge. bayonet charge.

• Br. officers wanted toBr. officers wanted to take charge of colonials. take charge of colonials.

• Prima Donna Br. Prima Donna Br. officers with servants officers with servants & tea settings. & tea settings.

• Drills & toughDrills & tough discipline. discipline.

• Colonists should payColonists should pay for their own defense. for their own defense.

• Indian-style guerillaIndian-style guerilla tactics. tactics.

• Col. militias servedCol. militias served under own captains. under own captains.

• No mil. deference orNo mil. deference or protocols observed. protocols observed.

• Resistance to risingResistance to rising taxes. taxes.

• Casual, Casual, non-professionals. non-professionals.

Methods ofMethods ofFighting:Fighting:

MilitaryMilitaryOrganization:Organization:

MilitaryMilitaryDiscipline:Discipline:

Finances:Finances:

Demeanor:Demeanor:

British-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial TensionsBritish-American British-American Colonial TensionsColonial Tensions

ColonialsColonials

Attempted to create a Attempted to create a single government to lead single government to lead the coloniesthe colonies

Albany Plan of Union Albany Plan of Union

D. Treaty of Paris signed in 1763

1. France lost its empire in North America

2. Spain gained some land

3. British obtained MUCH land in North America

a. Gained a £130 million debt

b. Biter feelings toward the colonists4. Americans were united and began to not trust the British

North America in 1763North America in 1763

E. Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)

1. Tension along the frontier

a. Settlers went past the Proclamation Line of 1763

2. Pontiac and allies attacked settlements and forts in their areas

Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

Pontiac’s Rebellion Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)(1763)

Proclamation of 1763

III. Crisis Over Taxes

A. British Parliament thinks colonists should help pay off the debt caused by the F & I War

1. Sugar Act (1764) illegal to buy non- British sugar (ignored)

2. Stamp Act (Feb 1765) – taxed legal documents, newspapers, and other printed items

Were the British right to put taxes on the

Colonists?

How did the Colonists respond to the taxes that were passed?

B. Colonists Respond

1. No Taxation Without No Taxation Without RepresentationRepresentation” – colonists don’t elect members to Parliament2. Angry colonists protest sometimes violently

4. Stamp Act Congress (Oct 1765): meeting of delegates from 9 colonies –

3. Boycott: colonists refuse to buy British goods

a. Send a petition to George III

C. Parliament Responds

1. Boycott causes loss of income

a. placed taxes on paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea

3. British send troops to enforce these laws

a. Stamp Act repealed (1766)

2. New idea for taxation: Townshend Acts (June 1767)

b. colonists could produce these

Tar and Feathering

IV. The Crisis Worsens

A. The Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770)

1. Conflict between British soldiers and colonists

2. Colonists throw snow & ice at soldiers

3. Someone yelled “FIRE”& soldiers shot at the people

4. Five citizens killed including Crispus Attucks

B. Townshend Acts repealed (March 5, 1770)

Crispus Attucks

The Bloody Massacre The Bloody Massacre ((March 27,1770March 27,1770))

By Paul Revere

The Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre ((April 10,1770April 10,1770))

By Henry Pelham

The Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre (1868)(1868)

By Alonzo Chappel

TOD:Bring in an example of propaganda from the

media.(newspapers, internet,

T.V., etc…)

Bell Ringer:Take out the example of

propaganda.

Share the example with the class and tell why it

is propaganda.

Committees of Committees of CorrespondenceCorrespondence

PurposePurpose Warn neighboring Warn neighboring coloniescolonies about incidents with Br. about incidents with Br.

Broaden the resistance Broaden the resistance movement. movement.

C. Tea Act (May 1773)

1. Colonists must buy tea from the British East India Company

2. 3¢ per pound tax on tea, but it was cheaper

a. Monopoly on tea and cut out colonial businessmen

D. Boston Tea Party (December 1773)

1. Colonists angry about the tax on tea

2. Protesters, led by Samuel Adams, threw 342 chest of tea into Boston Harbor

Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party (1773)(1773)

CP Classes:Write a letter to the editor in response to the Boston

Tea Party.1’s will write as if they were supporting the Loyalist side.

2’s will write as if they were supporting the Patriot side.

GN Classes:Write a 1 paragraph response to

the Boston Tea Party and preceding events from a certain

perspective.1’s will write as if they were supporting the Loyalist side.

2’s will write as if they were supporting the Patriot side.

E. Intolerable Acts (Spring 1774) –

2. Port of Boston closed until the tea was paid for (£9000)

3. Governor of MA replaced with a military general

4. Elected officials replaced with appointed officials

5. Colonists must provide housing for British soldiers

1. Passed by Parliament to punish Massachusetts for the Tea Party

V. The Road to War

A. First Continental Congress (September 1774)

1. 12 colonies send delegates to Philadelphia2. Purpose: restore peace, NOT declare independence

Independence Hall

3. Agree on a course of action

a. Ignore Intolerable Acts

b. Continue boycott of British goods

c. Set up colonial militias

i. Citizen-soldiers trained to serve in an emergency

B. Fighting Begins: Lexington & Concord (April 1775)

1. Colonial militias have arms stored in Concord

2. British set out to capture these arms

The Midnight Ride The Midnight Ride of Paul Revereof Paul Revere1) Read the Poem “The Midnight Ride of Paul

Revere by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

2) Write a short synopsis of the events of the poem.

3) Read the Real Midnight Ride of Paul Revere.

4) Compare and Contrast the two by creating a graphic organizer to display the information.

The British Are The British Are Coming Coming . . .. . .

Paul ReverePaul Revere & & William DawesWilliam Dawes make make their midnight ride to warn the their midnight ride to warn the

MinutemenMinutemen of approaching British of approaching British soldiers.soldiers.

Fact?? Fiction??

3. British meet Lexington militia & shots are fired; 8 colonists killed

4. British find no weapons at Concord & retreat to Boston

5. Colonial militias attack the retreating Redcoats with ambushes

a. colonial casualties: 49 dead, 41 wounded

b. British casualties: 73 dead, 174 wounded; 26 missing

The Shot Heard The Shot Heard ’’Round the WorldRound the World!!

Who Fired ItWho Fired It??