bell ringer! what is a political party? – organized group of people with at least roughly similar...

Bell Ringer!• What is a political party?

– organized group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions

• Who was the first “Democrat” president?– Andrew Jackson (1828)

• Who was the first “Republican”

president?– Abraham Lincoln (1861)

1st Democrat PresidentAndrew Jackson

• Federalists strong federal government Whigs Republicans

• Anti-federalists weaker federal government Democratic-Republicans

Democrats

Rise of Modern Political Partiesdiffered over role of federal government

Whigs Free Soil Party

Anti-Slavery Democrats

*Republican Party (1854)

*Originally started by people who were againstslavery and/or who opposed the spread of slavery into new territories

Republicans and Democrats then and now

http://www.270towin.com/

1856 Election

• Fremont – Republican candidate, war hero, supported admission of free states, against K-N act (received 33% of vote)

• Buchanan – Democratic candidate, from PA, lifelong bachelor, last president born in 1700s, avoided issue of slavery, ambassador to UK, said Republicans were extremists, expansionist (wanted to force Spain to sell Cuba to US to use as slave colony) (received 45% of vote) *WINNER!

• Fillmore – Know-Nothing candidate, ex-president, ignored issue of slavery in favor of anti-immigrant policies (received 22% of vote)

White House here I come!

Abraham Lincoln

Stephen Douglas

Lincoln – Douglas Debates

In 1858, Abraham Lincoln challenged incumbent Stephen Douglas for his seat in the Senate.

(Incumbent – the holder of an office or position)

Abraham Lincoln (left) and Stephen Douglas (right)

Ottawa Debate

• Douglas believed that each territory should be able to decide on its own whether or not to allow slavery by using popular sovereignty.

Lincoln – Douglas Debates

Stephen Douglas:

• Lincoln was wrong for wanting to end slavery, trying to do so will spark a Civil War

• Believed that African Americans were guaranteed “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” as stated in the Declaration of Independence.

• Lincoln believed that slavery was evil and should be kept out of the new territories.

Lincoln – Douglas Debates

Abraham Lincoln:

• However, Lincoln became well known throughout the nation.

Lincoln – Douglas Debates

Results:

• Douglas won the election by a slim margin.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTqfpZkoXAQ

7 minutes

Simpsons – Lincoln/Douglas

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fNb3ntVqD4

Classwork/Homework

• Double sided map

• Election of 1860

• Civil War breaks out – who it on which side?

Bell Ringer!What does this quote mean?

• ‘A house divided against itself cannot stand.’ • “I believe this government cannot endure,

permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall – but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other” Abraham Lincoln (1858), from first campaign speech running for US Senate