bin liu, hongyang chen, ziguo zhong, and h. vincent poor
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Asymmetrical Round Trip BasedSynchronization-Free Localization in
Large-Scale Underwater Sensor Networks
Bin Liu, Hongyang Chen, Ziguo Zhong, and H. Vincent Poor
Computer Science Department at the University of Southern California
in Los Angeles, Graduate School of
Information Science and Technology, University of
Tokyo, University of Minnesota, Fellow, IEEE
IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications 2010
Introduction Related Work The ARTL Scheme Performance Evaluation Conclusion
Outline
Underwater sensor networks(UWSNs) have been proposed for many applications: Scientific exploration Oceanographic data collection Pollution monitoring Coastline protection
Introduction
Accurate node localization
Introduction
(2,4,1)
Typical localization techniques Range-based:
Estimating the distances between beacons and ordinary nodes
Range-free: Multilateration
Introduction
Ranged-based Difficult to synchronize among nodes for ranging
and may introduce additional communication overhead
Introduction
Three different kinds of nodes: Base stations Beacon nodes(s) Ordinary nodes(l)
Related Work
SeaWeb Navigation(SWN)Symmetrical round trip based strategy
Related Work
SDMEClock-offset-compensate based one way localization scheme
Clock-offset compensate(α), ranging(l) Execute time synchronization every
1/αlocalization tasks
Related Work
To reduce the data exchanges as much as possible
Goal
Assume Beacon nodes can receive their own packets Nodes have pressure sensors to determine their
depths Base station can obtain distances from ordinary
nodes to all its corresponding beacon nodes
The ARTL Scheme
Position estimation
The ARTL Scheme
Beacon NodeProject of the Beacon NodeOrdinary Node
:
:
:
A
P
P’
ON
M
L
L’M’
N’O’
Beacon Nodes(s)
The ARTL Scheme
AOrdinary Nodes(l)
packet
:
B
P
L
t1 t2
t3
t4
t5
t6
t7
t8
t9
The ARTL Scheme
A
P
P’
ON
ML
L’ M’
N’O’
Performance Evaluation
Energy consumptions for sending and receiving one packet
Average energy consumption for per node per localization
Performance Evaluation
Expected energy consumption
Energy-error product(EEP)
Performance Evaluation
Expected energy consumption
Performance Evaluation
Energy-error product(EEP)
Performance Evaluation
Localization error
Performance Evaluation
Energy-error product
Performance Evaluation
Localization error in one SDME period
Performance Evaluation
Energy-error product in one SDME period
Performance Evaluation
The authors propose an asymmetrical round trip based localization (ARTL) algorithm that seeks to achieve node localization in large-scale UWSNs in an energy-efficient, easily implemented and accurate manner without time synchronization.
Simulation results show that ARTL can greatly reduce localization energy consumption while maintaining relatively high localization accuracy compared with other localization algorithms.
Conclusion
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