bio organization

Biological OrganizationBiological Organization

An exploration meeting An exploration meeting Michigan Michigan

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IntroductionIntroduction

There are many pieces of our biological There are many pieces of our biological world, from very big to very small. In world, from very big to very small. In order to compare and contrast these order to compare and contrast these pieces, they can be organized into pieces, they can be organized into different categories or levels (different categories or levels (Campbell, ReeceCampbell, Reece). This tutorial will ). This tutorial will cover 10 levels in decreasing size, cover 10 levels in decreasing size, from biosphere to molecules.from biosphere to molecules.

A video introduction to biological organization can be found here

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Presentation DesignPresentation Design

The following slide has a menu The following slide has a menu containing the 10 levels of containing the 10 levels of organization. This slide will be linked organization. This slide will be linked to throughout the presentationto throughout the presentation

Each slide about a specific level will Each slide about a specific level will also have a link to a western also have a link to a western Michigan example, using an Oak tree Michigan example, using an Oak tree as the individual organismas the individual organism

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1.1. The BiosphereThe Biosphere

2.2. EcosystemsEcosystems

3.3. CommunitiesCommunities

4.4. PopulationsPopulations

5.5. OrganismsOrganisms

6.6. Organ & Organ SysteOrgan & Organ Systemsms

7.7. TissuesTissues

8.8. CellsCells

9.9. OrganellesOrganelles

10.10. Molecules & AtomsMolecules & AtomsBack/Next

1. The Biosphere1. The Biosphere

Consists of all the environments that Consists of all the environments that have life. This includes:have life. This includes:

Most regions of landMost regions of land Most regions of waterMost regions of water Atmosphere to an altitude of few Atmosphere to an altitude of few

milesmiles

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2. Ecosystems2. Ecosystems

Contains all of the living things in a Contains all of the living things in a specific area and all of the nonliving specific area and all of the nonliving things with which living things things with which living things interact. These include:interact. These include:

SoilSoil WaterWater Atmospheric GasesAtmospheric Gases LightLight

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3. Communities3. Communities

All of the living beings that live within All of the living beings that live within an ecosystem. Each form of life is an ecosystem. Each form of life is called a species.called a species.

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4. Populations4. Populations

All of the individuals of a species that All of the individuals of a species that live within a specific area.live within a specific area.

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5. Organisms5. Organisms

Each individual living being is called an Each individual living being is called an organism. organism.

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6. Organ and Organ 6. Organ and Organ SystemsSystems

A body part that is a combination of at A body part that is a combination of at least two tissues. Organs exist to least two tissues. Organs exist to carry out specific functions in the carry out specific functions in the

body.body.

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7. Tissues7. Tissues

This is the first level that requires a This is the first level that requires a microscope to see. Tissue is a group microscope to see. Tissue is a group of cells and substructure to an organ. of cells and substructure to an organ. Allows multiple dissimilar cells to Allows multiple dissimilar cells to carry out their function.carry out their function.

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8. Cells8. Cells

The fundamental unit of life’s structure The fundamental unit of life’s structure and function. Some organisms and function. Some organisms

consist of a singular cell, while the consist of a singular cell, while the human body contains trillions of human body contains trillions of

specialized cells.specialized cells.

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9. Organelles9. Organelles

The components of cells that aid in the The components of cells that aid in the performance of functions. A more performance of functions. A more powerful tool is needed to view powerful tool is needed to view organelles, this tool is an organelles, this tool is an electron microscopeelectron microscope..

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10. Molecules & Atoms10. Molecules & Atoms

Molecules are comprised of two or Molecules are comprised of two or more atoms, the most basic unit of more atoms, the most basic unit of

matter. matter.

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The EarthThe Earth

Our Earth is the only known biosphere, Our Earth is the only known biosphere, as it is the only planet that can as it is the only planet that can

sustain life.sustain life.

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Deciduous ForestDeciduous Forest

This is an example of an ecosystem This is an example of an ecosystem common in western Michigan. common in western Michigan.

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Forest CommunityForest Community

In western Michigan, this includes all In western Michigan, this includes all trees, undergrowth, animals, insects, trees, undergrowth, animals, insects, and decomposers that are found and decomposers that are found within the forestwithin the forest

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Population of Oak TreesPopulation of Oak Trees

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Individual Oak TreeIndividual Oak Tree

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Oak LeafOak Leaf

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Epidermis TissueEpidermis Tissue

The “skin” of the leaf contains pores The “skin” of the leaf contains pores that allow the interchange of carbon that allow the interchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen facilitating dioxide and oxygen facilitating photosynthesis. photosynthesis.

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Individual Plant CellIndividual Plant Cell

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ChroloplastChroloplast

These are the organelles responsible These are the organelles responsible for photosynthesisfor photosynthesis

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Chlorophyll MoleculeChlorophyll Molecule

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Michigan BenchmarksMichigan Benchmarks

Ecosystems K-7 Standard L.EC: Develop an understanding of theinterdependence of the variety of populations, communitiesand ecosystems, including those in the Great Lakes region.Develop an understanding of different types of interdependenceand that biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors affect thebalance of an ecosystem. Understand that all organisms causechanges, some detrimental and others beneficial, in theenvironment where they live. L.EC.M.1 Interactions of Organisms- Organisms ofone species form a population. Populations ofdifferent organisms interact and form communities. Livingcommunities and nonliving factors that interact with themform ecosystems. L.EC.06.11 Identify and describe examples of populations,communities, and ecosystems including the GreatLakes region. *

http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mde/Complete_Science_GLCE_12-12-07_218314_7.pdf

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ReferencesReferences

Campbell, Neil, and Jane Reece. Campbell, Neil, and Jane Reece. BiologyBiology. . 8th ed. San Francisco: Pearson, 2008. 4-5.8th ed. San Francisco: Pearson, 2008. 4-5.

Mallery, Charles. "Levels of Biological Mallery, Charles. "Levels of Biological Organization." 27 Feb. 2008. 26 July 2009 Organization." 27 Feb. 2008. 26 July 2009 <http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/15<http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/scimeth/levels.htm>. 0/scimeth/levels.htm>.

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