bioenergy at uf/ifas. jay milton marianna quincy live oak gainesville apopka brooksville lake...
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Bioenergy at
UF/IFAS
•Jay
•Milton Marianna•
•Quincy•Live Oak
Gainesville
•Apopka
•Brooksville
•Lake Alfred
•Balm
• Immokalee
• Homestead
Bioenergy Feedstocksin Florida
15 million acres of forest land10 million acres of farm land
• #1 in sugarcane and citrus• #1 in forest residues• #1 in urban wood waste
PotentialEnergy Crop in
FL
Potential Output
(Dry Tons/Acre/Year)
Potential Acres for
Production
Potential Total Dry
Tons (millions)
Is It Ready for
Production? Yes/No
Research Projects
Underway?Yes/No
Agricultural CropsSugarcane 25 250,000 6.25 Yes YesSweet Sorghum 13 100,000 1.3 Yes YesBunch Grasses (elephantgrass, energycane)
22 100,000 2.2 Yes Yes
Silage Corn 3 100,000 0.3 Yes YesPotatoes 3 50,000 0.15 Yes Yes
Sweet Potatoes 2 20,000 0.04 Yes Yes
Hay 2.5 500,000 1.25 Yes YesForest Trees
Pines 8 5,000,000 40 Yes YesEucalyptus 14 1,000,000 14 Yes Yes
Cottonwood 10 1,000,000 10 Yes YesAgricultural & Forestry Waste
Veg/Fruit Waste 0.8 500,000 0.4 Yes Yes
Urb. Tree Waste 1 5,000,000 5 Yes YesFor./Mill Residue 1.4 9,000,000 12.6 Yes Yes
Sweet Sorghum
Silage Corn
Grasses
Trees
Urban Tree Waste
Vegetable Waste
Sugarcane
Data Compiled and Calculated by Drs. Mary Duryea & George Hochmuth; UF/IFAS; May 2007
Our Potential in Florida:
Agricultural Crops: 11.49 mill tons/yr
Tree Crops: 64 mill. tons/yr
Ag/Forestry Waste: 18 mill. tons/yr
93.5 million dry tons biomass x (60 to 100 gal ethanol/ton) =
• Florida currently uses 8.6 billion gallons of gasoline per year
Cellulosic Biomass for Ethanol
93.5 million dry tons/yr
inFlorida
(7% of U.S. total)
Potential Production of Ethanol
Sweet Sorghum
Silage Corn
Grasses
Trees
Urban Tree Waste
Vegetable Waste
Sugarcane
5 to 9 billiongallons of
ethanolper year in
Florida
The DOE reports that the U.S. can produce over 1.3 billion tons of cellulosic biomass per year.
Acid Hydrolysis
Hemicellulose Syrup
Fiber Residue (cellulose+lignin)
Residue to Boiler
Beer
E.coli (cellulase)
K.oxytoca (cellulase)
FungalCellulase
Nutrients Nutrients
SSF
ETHANOETHANOLL
Di
s
t
i
l
l
a
t
i
on
Cellulase
Co-products
Syrup“Detox”
Biomass to Ethanol ProcessBiomass to Ethanol Process
Team headed by Dr. Lonnie Team headed by Dr. Lonnie IngramIngram
• Over 20 patents for cellulosic ethanolOver 20 patents for cellulosic ethanol•e.g. “Ethanol production from e.g. “Ethanol production from lignocellulose”, “Ethanol lignocellulose”, “Ethanol production using engineered production using engineered E.coli”E.coli”
• 2 spin-off companies2 spin-off companies• Verenium (Ethanol)Verenium (Ethanol)• BioEnergy (Organic Acids)BioEnergy (Organic Acids)
UF/IFAS&
Cellulosic Ethanol
• New Center of Excellence – Biofuel Pilot Plant $2.25 million – under construction in Gainesville
• New Research and Demonstration Cellulosic Ethanol Plant$20 million from State Legislature– To be located at FL Crystals near Belle Glade
Goals =
• To accelerate commercial development of cellulosic ethanol processes and
• To provide alternative income sources for Florida agriculture and forestry.
UF/IFAS & Bioenergy:
• Developing Energy Crops: Increasing yield Improving processing efficiency
1. Developing Energy Crops –Energycane, Grasses, and Sweet Sorghum
• 45 sugarcane hybrids selected for biomass production are being evaluated at Everglades REC
• The best performing hybrids will be evaluated for cellulosic conversion to ethanol
• hybrids could produce over 2,000 gallons of ethanol per acre
1. Developing Energy Crops –Grasses -- High Biomass Crops
• Other high biomass crops being investigated include:
– Giant reed– Erianthus– Elephantgrass– Miscanthus
• Research is being conducted to:– Determine the best
varieties for Florida– Evaluate fertilizer and
water requirements
• Results will help investors and growers make informed decisions on sweet sorghum as an energy crop
1. Developing Energy Crops –Sweet Sorghum
John DavisMolecular Genetics/Genomics
Dudley HuberQuantitative Genetics/Tree Improvement
Matias KirstQuantitative Genetics/Genomics
Eric JokelaProduction Ecology/Silviculture
Tim MartinTree Physiology/Ecophysiology
Gary PeterBiochemistry/Molecular Genetics
Multidisciplinary Forest Genomics Team
2. Developing Energy Crops –Improving Processing Efficiency
wood specific gravity
Wood properties are genetically controlled.
cell wall chemistry
lignin
hemicellulose
cellulose
early late
2. Developing Energy Crops –Improving Processing Efficiency
Target Traits for Bioenergy Production
• Fast Growth - high yield per unit input
• Biological Conversion– High carbohydrate content– High ‘easy-to-utilize’
carbohydrates– Low lignin, low extractives
• Thermal Conversion– High energy content– High wood density, low water– High lignin, high extractives
cell wall chemistry
lignin
hemicellulose
cellulose
2. Developing Energy Crops –Improving Processing Efficiency
2. Developing Energy Crops –Improving Processing Efficiency
Discovered a new gene that will help ethanol production –
Naturally occurring gene in the tree species Populus Leads to a reduction in lignin content by almost half Results in faster growth and Has higher cellulose content. This combination is highly favorable for increased ethanol production.
Environmental Impacts & SustainabilityWater, Waste, Air, Soil, Wildlife, Climate, Energy Balance,
Life Cycle Studies, …
Energy Crops and Agricultural & Forestry
WasteCrops: Grasses,
Sugarcane, Sorghum, Trees; Waste: Forest &
Mill Residue, Urban Wood Waste, Dairy Waste, Bagasse, …
Conversion EngineeringHydrolysis /
Fermentation/ Distillation,
Thermal Conversion, Anaerobic Digestion,
Gasification, ….
BioenergyCellulosic Ethanol,
Biodiesel, Biogas,
Bioelectricity, Bioproducts,
Butanol; By-products, ….
Economics & PolicySubsidies, Incentives, Taxes, Rural Development,
Incorporating Market Externalities e.g. C Credits, …
Bioenergy Research & Extension at UF/IFAS
We can:• Advance the science of bioenergy.• Accelerate the commercialization of renewable
biofuels and chemicals.• Contribute substantially to global sustainable
energy supply.
With:
UF’s expertise in bioenergy+
UF/Industry/Government/Private partnerships+
Florida’s capacity to grow biomass
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