biological diversity or biodiversity is simply the full...
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Biological diversity or biodiversity is simply the full variety of life on earth – plants, animals and
microorganisms – including genes, species and even the entire ecosystems, and the vital services
these ecosystems provide to society.
The Philippines is considered a mega-diversity country rivaled
only by a few countries in the world when it comes to variety of
ecosystems, species and genetic resources. Many of the islands
comprising the archipelago are believed to have a very high
degree of land and animal endemism. The country hosts more
than 52,177 described species of which more than half is found
nowhere else in the world (Philippine Biodiversity Conservation
Priorities: A Second Iteration of the National Biodiversity Strategy
and Action Plan, 2002). On a per unit area basis, the Philippines
probably harbors more diversity of life than any other country on
the planet.
The country is also considered a biodiversity hotspot. This is
because the Philippines continues to experience an alarming rate
of destruction of these important resources brought about by
overexploitation, deforestation, land degradation, climate change,
and pollution (including biological pollution), among others.
TAXONOMIC
GROUP
NO. OF
SPECIES
NO. OF
ENDEMIC
SPECIES
NO. OF THREATENED SPECIES
(DAO 2004-15) AS OF 2014
CR EN VU OTS
TOTAL NO.
OF
THREATENED
SPECIES
Mammals 231 130 8 12 17 5
43
Birds 616 195 14 59 53 -
126
Reptiles 303 198 5 16 4 4
29
Amphibians 116 95 - 4 10 -
14
TOTAL
1264 618
27
91
84
9
211
Threatened species – a general term to denote species or subspecies considered as critically
endangered, endangered, vulnerable or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at
risk of extinction
WILD FAUNA / ANIMALS
TAXONOMIC
GROUP
NO.
OF
SPECI
ES
NO. OF
ENDEMIC
SPECIES
NO. OF THREATENED SPECIES
(DAO 2007-01) AS OF 2014
CR EN VU OTS TOTAL NO. OF
THREATENED SPECIES
Angiosperms 8,120 c. 5800 89 141 123 56 409 Gymnosperms 33 6 - 9 2 - 11 Pteridophytes 1,100 285 10 35 51 8 104
Bryophytes 1,271 195 - 2 - - 2
Algae 1,355 undetermined - - - - - Fungi, slime
molds, water
molds
3,555 undetermined - - - - -
Lichens 789 undetermined - - - - -
TOTAL 16,
223 99 187 176 64 526
WILD FLORA / PLANTS
CR – Critically Endangered - refers to a species or subspecies that is facing extremely high risk of extinction in
the wild in the immediate future
EN – Endangered - refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose survival in the wild
is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating
SUMMARY OF THREATENED WILDLIFE SPECIES
TAXONOMIC GROUP
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012-
2013
2014
A. FAUNA*
Land Mammals
43 43 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 43
Birds 131 131 131 132 132 127 127 127 127 126
Reptiles 27 27 27 27 27 24 24 24 24 30
Amphibians 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
A. FLORA** 526 526 526 526 526 526 526
*Based on DENR Administrative Order No. 2004-15 re National List of Threatened Fauna and 2011 CITES listed species
**Based on DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-01 re National List of Threatened Philippine Plants
Vu – Vulnerable - refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered but is under
threat from adverse factors throughout their range and is likely to move to the endangered category in the near
future
OTS – Other Threatened Species - refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered, endangered
nor vulnerable but is under threat from adverse factors, such as over collection, throughout their range and is
likely to move to the vulnerable category in the near future
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