bisi affordable habitats
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BISIAffordableHabitatsA HOLISTIC FRAMEWORK FOR POSITIVELOW COST RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
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ContentsRESEARCH & DESIGN APPROACH DEVELOPMENT . . . . . . . . . . 3UNDERSTANDING AFFORDABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
HOUSING IN AUSTRALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
A NEW DESIGN APPROACH TO AFFORDABLE HABITATS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
DESIGN PRECEDENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9BUILT ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
SOCIAL CAPITAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CASE STUDY #1: AFFORDABLE HABITATS FOR SENIORS . . . . 18A SENIORS VILLAGE IN GOULBURN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
BISI FRAMEWORK DESIGN APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
CREATING CONNECTIONS WITH THE WIDER COMMUNITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
INTERNAL ACTIVATION THROUGH IMPROVED INFRAS TRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . 24
ACHIEVING INTEGRATION THROUGH WEBBING CLUSTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
A CLUSTER OF ACTIVITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
SPACES TO GROW SOCIAL CAP ITAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
ADAPTABILITY OF LIVING UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
FLEXIBILITY OF INTERNAL MODULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
CASE STUDY #2: AFFORDABLE HABITATS FOR STUDENTS . . 36A STUDENT HABITAT AT MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
BISI FRAMEWORK DESIGN APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
CREATING CONNECTIONS WITH THE WIDER COMMUNITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
SITE PLANNING WITH BISI PRINCIPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
STEMMING FROM THE SOCIAL SPINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
ADAPTABLE COMMUNAL SPACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
EVOLUTION OF THE GRID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
A FLEXIBLE WAY OF LIVING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
ENVISION STUDENT PARTNERSHIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
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BRIEFThe progressive values of early Modernism led to great experiments in affordable
housing. Architects today are adopting the vision of their idealistic predecessors,
but learning from the mistakes of post World War II public projects.
There is growing insight that the best housing is integrated with social
services as well as connected to the urban fabric and the wider community.
Contemporary af fordable housing solutions should be designed to provide
better security and more light, common spaces, recreational amenities,
facilities for support services and spaces that foster wellness. They should
reach beyond their role of mere residential accommodation (housing), with a
broader scope of addressing inhabitants holistic wellbeing (habitats).
The brief for this ENVISION project was to explore how architecture
can provide affordable habitats that are low cost in construction while
maintaining high quality design, amenity and quality of life for inhabitants,
across a range of scenarios.
Research &Design Approach
Development
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Understanding AffordabilityAFFORDABLE HOUSING VS. HABITATS
the problem is that people do not demand houses; they demand
habitats. A house is an object; a habitat is a node in a multiplicity
of overlapping networks Ricardo Hausmann, 2013
Affordable housing typically refers to the bare minimum required to provide
shelter and services for low-income households. However, this research
seeks to holistically understand the issue within the concept of affordable
habitats, which acknowledges the endless range of factors that affect the
economic sustainability of not only the home, but the wider city fabric.
One of the most common failings of affordable housing is the disconnection
from supporting infrastructure, such as public transport, work, and
commercial services, which is a result of compromising proximity and quality
of life for affordability. This consequently deepens the stigmatisation of low-
income households by isolating them from society; negatively impactingthe diversity of inner-city residents. Therefore, one of the great challenges
is to seek a resolve between affordability and accessibility for low-income
households, and find some middle ground within the highly competitive
rental market.
URBAN HABITATSWith rapid population growth and the competition for space in cities, it
has become necessary to develop an unconventional approach to f inding
a variety of small-scale solutions that respond to specific low-income
households, as opposed to large and oversimplified blanket solutions with an
economic, dehumanised outlook.An exploration of the human scale in architecture can foster new and mutually
beneficial connections between different demographics, and demonstrate a
more positive way to form interdependent relationships in the city.
While the wealthy can afford to separate themselves from the masses, low-
income households are not afforded this luxury of space, and in a sense, are
not isolated by the trappings of money.
From this emerges the necessity for architectural design to alleviate the
pressure on primary living spaces with highly effective and engaging
secondary spaces; promoting community engagement in order to enrich the
individuals quality of life, and shift the affordable housing paradigm.
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APPROACH
TOPIC
CHALLE
NGES
OUTCOME
S
FRAMEW
ORK
Affordable Habitats
Integrated
Infrastructure NetworksBuilt Environment Social Capital
Social Perspective
Dehumanised, isolated &
compromised quality of life
Reactivation
Through iterative
architectural intervention
Economic Perspective
Destabilised market &
development cycles
Site-Specific Responses
For collective
demographic segments
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ECONOMICThe pragmatic essence of the affordability issue within Australia has risen
from the deteriorating economic market cycle, throughout the past two
decades.1
The term affordability is often defined as the proportionaterelationship between residual income and expenditures, which has lead to
inaccurate assumptions and the establishment of policies that are incapable
of responding to variables, such as market trends.
This significantly impacts the broader economical growth and development
in Australia, resulting in a disproportionate increase between housing
and rental prices, with average household incomes. While international
markets approach is based on the Ontario Measure; defining affordability as
households in the lowest 40%, investing 30% of the household income.2
The unbalanced level of supply and demand has destabilised the overall market,
limiting potential home ownership in Australia. Support of rapid central and de-
urbanised growth within major cities such as Sydney, has resulted in moderate
income households remaining in the rental market longer. In turn this forces
lower income households and key demographical segments (tradespeople,
medical professionals etc.) into public housing in distant communities. Economical
variables including increasing living and service expenses can have a further
negative impact, limiting moderate income households ability to save for
deposits in order to transition out of the rental market.3
Ineffective f inancially based government strategies have promoted higher
income households engaging in speculative investment which is primarily
due to negative gearing and capital gains tax incentives. Other government
strategies include the establishment of an affordable housing growth fund,
increased number of incentives under the National Affordability Scheme,
and an improved rental assistance system with set benchmarks for all
government levels. However without acknowledging affordable housings
broader integration with the private built environment sector, quantitative
analysis will be irrelevant in defining appropriate solutions; minimising further
market inflation and affordable housing availability.4
Housing in AustraliaBISIAffordableHabitats
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THE GREAT AUSTRALIAN DREAMIt is a belief that home ownership can lead to a better life and is an
expression of success and security. Statistically, Australians have upheld this
belief for over 60 years, showing a strong preference for a free-standinghouse on its own block of land.5These well located, detached, private
dwellings have become unattainably expensive for many. This creates a
cultural tension, forcing people to adjust their aspirations either away from
ownership, towards higher-density dwellings or both.
A shift towards rental and increased density is inevitable, with the global
growth of urban living and is not, in itself, harmful. However, while there
is an association between home ownership and quality of life, this shif t will
cause social tension.
Although detached home ownership has long been upheld as a worthy
goal, we question its value for the community as a whole, rather than the
individual. For those who can attain it, their is no doubt that it could be an
expression of success and security; an individual gain for the wealthy, at the
expense of the underprivileged.
To solve this affordability problem, we either need to continue urban sprawl
or take a new approach to centrally located, low-cost dwellings, where space
and privacy are sacrificed. As architects, we need to find design solutions that
transform problems into opportunities and are therefore asking the question:
Could decreased private space increase quality of life and the growth of
community for occupants, through the activation of shared spaces?
100
%
80
60
40
20
Owner Households by Dwelling Type (2009-10)
Source: ABS Data, Survey of Income and Housing
Separate House
Semi-detachedApartment
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A new design approach to affordable habitatsTHE BISI FRAMEWORKInforming a holistic framework of analysis regarding affordable habitats, the
preceding research thesis suggests a dynamic approach developed upon the
core social and economic perspectives. The examination of the destabilisedmarket and development cycles within Australia and the exploration of the
accepted dehumanised, isolated and comprised quality of living in af fordable
habitats collectively inform the BISI approach.
This approach outlines theintegration of the built environment,
infrastructural networks and social capitalwhich re-activates the
morphological fabric; applying iterative architectural interventions. In turn this
promotes sustainable growth and diversity within all demographical segments
through site specific affordable habitats for low-income households.
The BISI Framework is adaptable across the age & demographic spectrum.
Its multi-angled, adaptable approach enable bespoke design outcomes for
a wide variety of scenarios. The scope of this framework could arguably
extend beyond affordable habitats, to any facility designed with the purpose
of building community. This could span from residential developments to
large scale urban design projects.
BUILT ENVIRONMENTThe fabric of a the built elements within asite, considering how their arrangement,
form, use and construction methods
work to create effective habitats.
INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKSThe social, economic and culturallayers of circulation within a space,
such as transport, buildings, streets,
gardens & plazas.
INTEGRATIONThe key to the success of this framework is its multi-angled approach, not
only considering each element in isolation, but paying careful attention to the
ways in which they intersect and interact.
SOCIAL CAPITALThe bonding and bridging spaceswhich initiate and maintain connections
between the demographical segments
of a specific site.
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PRECEDENTS FOR THE BISI FRAMEWORKThe following pages provide an collection of existing thinking and casestudies in socially activated spaces, that contribute to the BISI Framework
as a design approach for affordable housing. The research explores a wide
range of ideas for providing effective affordable habitats in an urban context.
DesignPrecedents
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Built Environment
The way things are built and what they
are built with reflects the aspirations of the
households Dr. David OBrien, 2013
Sleeping Pods (2012), Sibling Nation
Studentboende: Student Unit (2013), TengbomPhotographer: Bertil Hertzberg
Exploring the arrangement, form, use and construction methods of the Built
Environment, allows us to determine methods of increasing amenity while
decreasing construction costs. With an analysis of the essential requirements
of affordable habitats, followed by smart thinking in architectural planning
we begin to unlock methods for increasing quality of life and the growth of
community for occupants, through the activation of shared spaces, while
decreasing the required amount of private space.
PARASITIC URBANISMFrom this discussion, ideas of insurgent or parasitic urbanism begin to
emerge in the search for affordable living systems in an urban context.
These dwellings can be inserted into existing networks, exploiting space and
energy that may otherwise be wasted or neglected.
The demand for af fordable inner-city housing is a pressing global concern,
and from the multitudes of clever ideas emerging in response to the
challenge, the following are examples of typologies that could be applied
to underused areas in the city of Sydney to increase diversity and promote
symbiotic relationships between various households.
DONT BUILD & GO SMALLAlastair Parvin suggests a Dont Build approach, which means seeking
alternative strategy-based, logical solutions to design problems by looking
for the answer within the existing built environment to avoid a built solution.6
Parvin also advocates a Go Small approach to overcome the tendency to
define form through finance, with blanket solutions to complex problems
leading to oversimplified and ineffective large-scale developments.7Design
should rather be focused at a smaller scale, creating effective solutions to
meet more specific individual projects.
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PRE-EXISTING STRUCTURESPre-existing structures, like industrial warehouses, are increasingly hard to
come by as they grow in popularity as investment properties for eventual
conversion. Sibling Nations project, Sleeping Pods, of fers an example of
how these spaces could be used in the meantime, potentially appealing to
the owner with an opportunity for extra income while essentially leaving
the space in its original state.8These low-cost timber constructions clad
with plywood give students the freedom to customise their personal space.
Several can occupy one industrial warehouse space, creating a communal
living environment.
Similar to the use of secondary space in granny flats, garages offer great
potential for affordable housing, as seen in Levitt Bernsteins proposal
to turn disused parking garages in London into flexible homes.9The
prefabricated structures are inserted into garage spaces, making them
immediately habitable. This kind of prefabricated typology could also be
sited in underused residential garages, and furthermore be paired with social
incentives to reduce car use/ownership.
ROOFTOPSAtop the urban landscape of the city is yet another landscape rooftops.
Projects like Brooklyn-based artist Thomas Stevensons temporary
rooftop encampments demonstrate a different way of using rooftops and
experiencing the city.10Participants continue to go about their lives outside
of home as normal, but instead spend domestic hours in the city outdoors,
disconnected from electricity and internet, but connecting with new people
and experiences. This idea of detached living of fers potential strategies
for affordable housing that could provide shared amenities (such askitchens and study spaces) separate from the most essential spaces for the
demographic in question; essentially creating an open network that fosters
interconnectivity and socialisation.
BACKYARDSGranny flats have been targeted in government housing schemes that
encourage home owners to support affordable rental housing by creating a
self-contained extension, either attached to or separate from the house. This
could potentially merge with the trend in prefabricated housing modules,
enabling low-income households, such as students, to inhabit underused
backyard spaces while providing the household with rental income and
potentially improving the backyard environment.
AIRSPACEThis considers less obvious opportunities for architectural add-ons, such as
the interstitial space between houses, residential building faades, and so on.
An excellent example is Stefan Eberstadts, Rucksack House, an additional
room that can be suspended from the facade of a residential building by steel
cables, and transported when the owners move.11
Keret House by Jakub Szczesny is an extreme example of how the
empty space between two buildings can be exploited.12Despite the sense
of claustrophobia in the incredibly narrow living spaces, the design is
nonetheless inspiring in the way it scavenges unused space.
Temporary Roof Encampments (2013), Thomas Stevenson
Rucksack House (2004), Stefan Eberstadt
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Before + After: New York Urban Transformation (2010)
Built Environment
URBAN DESIGNSTREETS + LANEWAYSThe thoughtful design of secondary public spaces is critical to promoting a
positive social environment, which is how the urban transformation of RMIT
Universitys city campus helped shed its likeness to a fortress, redefining the
way in which it engaged with the broader city.13
Using a strategic framework,the project was redefined by a new material vocabulary, using planting and
street furniture to transform the original cacophony of cluttered streets,
laneways and hidden courts into a pedestrian friendly network of continuous
open spaces, transforming underused service roads and streets into an
open series of plazas to form a social spine throughout the campus, utilising
smaller laneways as more private courtyards.
LANDSCAPEJanette Sadik-Khan, transportation commissioner of New York City, has
worked on projects that have reshaped street life across the five boroughs,
such as pedestrian zones, high-performance buses, and bike sharing.14
Instead of waiting for intensive, long-ranging urban planning processes to
be completed, these projects boldly take action in a short time frame using
inexpensive and temporary materials, like paint, epoxy gravel, and chairs for
rapid testing of the public response, and adaptive iteration. Public space has
furthermore increased by 26 hectares across New York by projects targeting
underutilised roads and converting them into pedestrian zones, which has in
turn improved local business and reduced traffic-related injury.
EARTHSCAPINGGiven the strict development guidelines of some cities, building up may not
be feasible. BKNR explores building underground inverting the notion of
skyscrapers.15
A central void renders the earthscrapers habitable with access tonatural light and ventilation whilst maintaining the urban fabric on the datum.
This solution affords density without impacting heavily on the activities that take
place on the city square above.
Affordability costs that are just access costs
at the point of entry are important, but in
the end, they are not the most important
thing. The lifestyle costing is actually very
important. Dr Judith Yates, 2013
RMIT Campus Urban Spaces (2006)
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CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUESMODULAR PREFABRICATED STRUCTURESPrefabrication refers to any part of a building that has been fabricated at a
place other than its final location. The application of modular thinking ensures
flexibility and adaptability of the built form to generate diverse, cost efficient
building solutions. Working with this approach allows varied outcomes, from
webbing clusters to grid configurations, that are site specific, site responsive
and address the whole of life of the built form.
Benefits of modular fabrication of buildings are reduced cost, improved
delivery time and an increase in quality.
Consistent utilisation of a module design can reduce cost. Cost efficiencies
are achieved by core components or elements being replicated to reduce
redundant development costs. The replication of similar components also
improves quality. A predetermined quality can be achieved in a factorycontrolled process, and the indoor environment means buildings and
components are protected from climate extremes and vandalism.
The off-site fabrication process which takes place in a factory, in parallel
to site preparation activities can reduce the overall construction period of
a project significantly. On a time is money basis many modular buildings
can be completed in less than 50% of the time taken for traditional building
construction.
The value equation is consequently improved by faster time to occupation
can generate income for clients earlier and lead to lower site overheads due
to less time on site.
The improvement in time to occupation is improved certainty. There is
greater cost certainty due to minimal weather delays, plus there is an earlier
design freeze due to requirements of the manufacturing process.
JAJA +ONV social and affordable housing proposal, explores the potential
of prefabricated modular design in developing flexible and diverse building
solutions. Utilising a central core for technical installations each individual
module is able to be arranged horizontally and vertically as either a detached
or high density building. Forming socially sustainable habitats of effective
demographical diversity; while maintaining fixed low price individuality,
achieved by multiple variations in facade treatment, niches and roof design.16
GO AMATEURAlastair Parvin further suggests a Go Amateur approach in which the
design and production team becomes the entire population. Inspired by
the worlds most rapidly developing cities or slums; the approach utilises
emerging technologies including 3d printing and CNC production to
standardise the initial construction phase. This allows contextually specific
infrastructure and details such as insulation, waste management and
electrical systems to be applied individually at a later stage.17
Times Square closed from vehicular use (2013)
JAJA + ONV Proposal (2013)
Modular Development (2013) NBRS+PARTNERS
Cit A Docks Student Housing (2010), Cattani Architects
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Infrastructure Networks
Infrastructure Networks refer to the hierarchy of circulation pathways
from an urban to building scale. These circulations paths give emphasis
to the human scale, promoting people-centric transport such as walking
and cycling. Effective infrastructure networks are critical for establishing
activated communities.
INTEGRATED AND MORPHOLOGICAL NETWORKSMorphological analysis interprets regional and urban fabrics as humanhabitats. These multi- layered infrastructural systems have social, economic
and cultural inf luence.
Infrastructural components can be defined synthetically (through the
simplified grouping of components) or organically (interpreting components
as a layered structure connected via hierarchical pathways). Defined
pathways allow a more dynamic integration of individual elements,
subsequently defining more permeable fabrics which begin to explore the
theory of walkable networks.18
Ricardo Hausmanns studies interconnect affordable habitat design with
the integration of physical (power, water, sanitation, roads etc.), economic
(labour markets, distribution, retail markets etc.) and social (education,
health, security etc.) infrastructure networks.
Based on variations in affordable housing requirements, Hausmanns approach
suggests a series of incomplete, overlapping networks.19 The interdependent
networks operate in combination. Their complementary coexistence promotes
the sustainable development of affordable infrastructure, resulting in concepts
such as the 20 minute neighbourhood model.
ACTIVE TRANSPORTATIONActive modes of transport include public services, walking and cycling.Proposing a broad planning strategy in which active modes of transport
are considered primary allows the subsequent location of services to be
positioned accordingly within a 20 minute radius of travel.
The individual functionality, scale and density of services are analysed with
regard to the contextual fabric. Identifying which services may exist beyond
the standard radius, such as schools in which the level of functionality is
directly dependent upon the immediate population density.20
Equality throughout all demographical segments is essential however in
the effective integration of an active transportation infrastructure system.
Enrique Penalosa examines the establishment of equality through walkable
infrastructures, identifying potential spatial and social opportunities.
Minimising vehicular densities and prioritising public buses, cyclists and
pedestrians; he develops an overall sustainable framework which addresses
equally the individual demographical requirements of the population.21
A hierarchy of circulation pathways,
from an urban to building scale.
Transbay Transit Center (2013), Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects
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Applications within existing high density fabrics include the Transbay Transit
Center of San Franciscos regional Bay area; incorporating an innovative and
sustainable 5.4 acre rooftop park, anchoring the growth of the newly defined
mixed-use neighbourhood. By utilising an undulating wall floating above the
street, a variety of ecologies are created as both passive and active spatialopportunities energises the surrounding context.22
WALK-ABILITYInterconnecting the industrial Meat Packing, artistic West Chelsea and
infrastructural Clinton districts of the west side of Manhattan; the High Line
project explores similar spatial activation. A private non-profit partnership
with New York Citys department of parks and recreation; the scheme
engages a diversity of demographical segments.23The scheme attempts
to facilitate an elevated pedestrian walkway and thoroughfare through
numerous specific experiences and cultural expressions.
Exploring further the integration of walkable infrastructure networks within
broad contexts, Jeff Speck suggests the importance of developing people-
centric rather than vehicular-centric habitats. Suggesting sustainable and
affordable habitats which minimise the percentage of a households income
dedicated to transportation services. Utilising broad contextual planning and
the physical built environment to dictate the manner in which people socially
and functionally integrate and engage.24
EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONSProviding cultural respite to the historic trolley terminal of New Yorks lower
east side, innovative solar technologies including glass shield paraboliccollectors have been exploited in illuminating otherwise derelict voids
beneath the city. Juxtaposing the historical origins with newly developed
and innovative green spaces; transforming dense urban environments into
culturally dynamic spaces.25
Attempting further to actively engage individuals and small commercial
developments with the theory of walk-ability and energy conservation, the
incorporation of sensor blankets has been explored in monitoring diverse
infrastructural variables. Variables which include street lighting, garbage
levels and wind speed intensity etc. Leading to the development of responses
which including dimming street lighting when pedestrian density is limited,
minimising garbage collection cycles based on levels, and monitoringwind intensity levels for the possible locations of small scale wind turbines.
Individuals are engaged through personal investment strategies, receiving
investment returns and other incentives for reduced energy consumption.26
New York City, The Low Line Proposal (2013) Lowline
New York City, The High Line (2013)
New York City, The High Line (2013)
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Social Capital
Social spaces are an important aspect of affordable habitats. These spaces
provide the essential services and facilities that support a households basic
living costs from food to recreational activities.27
Through the examination of the increasingly popular community grass roots
programs, many of these spaces reflect James Kunstlers aspiration to shif t
our identities from consumers to citizens;28often af fording services and
facilities that have minimal or no cost. These spaces include urban sharingspaces and recreational spaces.
URBAN SHARING SPACESUrban sharing spaces promote a collective consciousness that give
individuals and groups the opportunity to invest their time, skills or
resources.29
Community gardens are the most prominent application of this type of
space. Apart from alleviating households grocery expenses on fruits and
vegetables; community gardens bring together people with a common
interest and encourage healthy living. Taking the Pop Up Patch as an
example, the garden is easily accessed as it sits on an unused car park
rooftop adjacent to a public transport hub in the heart of Melbourne.30The
garden provides households a space, seeds, seedlings, tools and water
to grow an edible garden. Besides gardening, the space is also a place
for gathering - to share skills and admire the achievement of others. This
concept of community gardens vary in scale, taking the form of footpath
gardens like the Chippendale Street Gardens or fruit fences in San Francisco.
Another type of urban sharing space utilises existing public amenities such
as cafs. Located within these spaces are installations that allow citizens to
populate, donate, rent or share their resources and knowledge to others.
Examples of these installations include seed-sharing stations andendorsements for peer-to-peer tool libraries.31Seed-sharing stations welcome
cafe-regulars or visitors to exchange seeds and information on growing fruits
and vegetables. Peer-to-peer tool libraries on the other hand, facilitate the
borrowing of power tools that are rarely used. Both these initiatives lessen the
costs spent on groceries and maintenance or additions to dwellings.
Overall, these urban sharing spaces embody the potential for the sense of
community to grow organically whilst evoking the image of your neighbour not
only casually lending you his tools to build a tree house but also joining in the fun.
The way youre going to change society
is through telling them a different story.
So what we can begin to do is to tell a
different story about the capacity of a
neighbourhood; about developing peoplesself stories and help push away the medias
negative stories about an area. Jon Owen, 2013
Pop-Up Patch (2013)
Play Me Im Yours (2009), Luke Jerram
City Softwalks (2013), Softwalks
Chippendale Street Gardens (2011)
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RECREATIONAL SPACESRecreational spaces are people-focused spaces that provide the option
to connect with others or to mould the space to suit ones needs. Despite
having defined boundaries, these spaces introduce a level of disorder thatminimise rules for social engagement.32Consequently, these spaces have
several components varying from furniture to the integration of technology.
Pop-up street furniture is a new trend that reclaims underutilised streets
and laneways as recreational spaces. This trend encourages place-making
creating more inclusive and liveable shared spaces. City Softwalks for
example, transforms sidewalks into enjoyable spaces by attaching chairs,
counters, planters, light reflectors and screens to scaffolding. This project,
seemingly temporary, transforms commuting as a place of pause. These
spaces afford households easily accessible and affordable open areas to sit
and relax.33
An important component of recreational spaces is art installations. Similar
to pop-up street furniture, art installations also encourage place-making;
however, they carry the potential to serve as information centres and places
for interaction. Windswept is an art installation that serves both as art and
information. The sculpture captures invisible wind patterns using an array
of arrows mounted on a panel to display the complex interaction between
wind and buildings.34On a similar note, Forgotten Songs imparts historical
information of birds which ones inhabited Central Sydney. Contrastingly, the
Play Me, Im Yours installation ensures interaction in public spaces by inviting
passers-by to play pianos that are installed in streets, parks, train stations
and markets.35This concept of art installations breathe life into recreational
spaces and provide households free entertainment.
The integration of technology in recreational spaces acknowledges that
interaction is multi-faceted. These spaces demonstrate the influence of
the immaterial on physical experience. The Field explores this notion
through dispersed infrastructure elements that form a borderless pavilion.36
Depending on the distance between the elements; they are either rendered
as street furniture, communication hubs or energy stores servicing the
individual or the collective. The multi-purpose nature of these elements,
show that integrated spaces play a vital role in reducing the cost of
technologies and energy for households.
Forgotten Songs, Sydney (2011), Michael Thomas Hill
The Field (2013), Microcities
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Case Study #1:Affordable Habitats
for Seniors
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A Seniors Village in GoulburnCHALLENGES + OPPORTUNITIESThere are several challenges in accommodating Seniors. These include
isolation, as they may have moved or lost a spouse, a loss of independence
due to poor health and the loss of normal income.
As they are of ten unable to drive themselves or travel large distances,
good internal infrastructure and facilities within the village are crucial. Most
important is for a strong sense community to be supported within the
village. Residents need spaces, not only to live, but to gather and undertake
activities together.
When creating a residential habitat for seniors, however, their visitors also need
to be considered. Facilities should accommodate gatherings of a variety of sizes,
catering to a range of demographics while maintaining access for the elderly.
The aim is to create an affordable environment that fosters independence
and dignity. With this in mind, spaces need the ability to be personalised andsupport independent living for those with declining physical mobility.
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BUILT ENVIRONMENT
MODULARCLUSTERSExploring the activation of the immediate
and broader contextual fabric, the
built environment is defined by an
incremental cluster growth model of
planning. A model which fosters multi-
layered networks of interconnectivity
and socialisation, allowing individual
clusters to be self-supported during
initial stages of development, while
continually supporting and further
enhancing spaces of collectiveconsciousness. Further defined from
an economic standpoint, specifically at
a macro level a standardised modular
approach is utilised in order to promote
demographical adaptability over time.
While promoting at a more micro level
a similar strategy through the inclusion
of adaptable internal installations which
promote future sustainability.
INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKS
PEOPLE-CENTRICDeveloped as series hierarchical
pathways, this scheme promotes
the integration of layered circulation
networks. Based upon site specific
morphological analysis a people rather
than vehicular centric network structure
is implemented, creating a series green
pedestrian pathways. Overall site design
is informed through the dissection of
these hierarchical networks and applying
them directly to specific variablessuch as site contours. Utilising active
transportation networks to promote
broader contextual equality which leads
to the further development of social
spaces. Essentially restoring contextual
connections, reactivating otherwise
isolated demographical sectors and
communities.
SOCIAL CAPITAL
ACTIVATIONSocial capital is achieved within
the scheme through a collective
consciousness regarding the multi faceted
layering of interactions. Interactions
which attempt at a micro level to foster
community between individuals within
clusters and further between overall
clusters and subregions. While at a
macro level attempting to remove the
perceived state of segregation between
otherwise isolated communities withinthe broader context. Allowing the site
to act as a catalyst of activation for
the current and continually developing
surrounding context. Identifying social
capital as the value individuals provide to
spatial opportunities, rather than simply
social spaces themselves and their
integration within the broader context.
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ClintonStreet
GilmoreStreet
0 20m 40m 60m
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N
Creating connections with the wider communityWORKING WITHIN THE FABRICOF SITE & CONTEXTFostering multi-layered networks of interconnectivity and socialisation, this
scheme is centred on the activation of the surrounding context. The scheme
focuses on the development of people-centric networks; creating a hierarchy
of circulation pathways. These pathways promote social capital in an attempt
to redefine otherwise isolated and segregated communities.
URBAN CONTEXTUAL GRIDThe underlying infrastructure of the site integrates
with the block grid fabric of greater Goulburn. The
introduction of the grid within the site ensures
the senior af fordable habitat seamlessly develops
with the wider community and is inclusive of the
households and activities of its broader context.
NEIGHBOURHOOD CONNECTIONTo gradually activate the site, the grid introduced
establishes immediate connections to neighbourhoods
around the site. These connections welcome the
surrounding communities and help households withinthe site explore beyond their community.
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INTERPLAY OF INFRASTRUCTURE WITH SITE
Vehicular MovementThe y-axis connects with residential
development to the north and enhances
connectivity of aged care facilities such
as the coffee shop, pool, library, and asa whole, makes the site more welcoming
to families. The east entry on the x-axis
offers another point that increases a
residential connection.
Pedestrian grid overlayNormalising the irregularity of roads
by re-establishing a sense of grid and
connecting to the rhythm of surrounding
residential planning. Paths integratewith topography to promote ease of
pedestrian movement across site,
creating a natural flow between nodes of
activity and drawing new and previous
ILU tenants to a central point of activity.
Adjacent residential areas
Urban grid
Paths flowing with contours
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Internal activation through improved infrastructureCREATING CONNECTIONS THROUGH LAYEREDINFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKSThe infrastructure networks introduced within this site follow a hierarchy of
pathways and introduced a people centric system. This connects back to the
BISI principle of evoking and embodying the human scale.
EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKSThe existing roads prioritise vehicular modes of transport and
irregular in form, in comparison with the sites context, which
increases isolation.
CONDENSED SERVICE ROADSThe condensed service roads are solely dedicated to vehicular
access and are supported by the new Green Roads, for internal
community circulation.
GREEN ROAD CONVERSIONThe introduction of Green Roads, which prioritise walking and
ambulant means of transport, encourage activity. This support of
human engagement is beneficial for wellbeing from both a health
and social perspective.
NEW NETWORK OF PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYSThe grid formation of the pedestrian walkways echoes that ofthe context, providing integration with the wider community. This
human-scaled network of pathways makes it easy for community
members to interact.
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CONNECTING SOCIAL SPACESThe service roads cut through the slope of the site while
the green roads flow parallel with the contours. The pace
of the green roads reflect the flow of social capital spaceswithin the site. It encourages the households to interact
with each other as they progress through the site.
CONNECTING BUILT ELEMENTSIndependent Living Units (ILUs), that would otherwise
be isolated, are connected by the network of pedestrian
pathways throughout the site. This allows equal and
direct access to communal facilities and between units.
ILUs with pathway frontage
ILUs
Open recreational area + shaded pavilion
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Achieving integration through webbing clusters
INDEPENDENT LIVING UNIT CLUSTERS
CENTRED AROUND SMALL SOCIAL SPACES
CONNECTED TO LARGER SOCIAL SPACES
BRANCHING FROM THE COMMUNITY HEART
The ILUs are arranged in clusters,
forming micro-communities within the
larger context of the village and wider
community. The units are inward
facing, to direct residents towardssocial and interdependent relationships
with their immediate neighbours.
Each cluster of units is centred
around a shared space, composed
of edible gardens and a shaded
barbecue area. Each ILU has equal
access to the outdoor social space,
encouraging a shared sense ofownership & responsibility.
Scattered throughout the site are
open recreational areas and shaded
pavilions for larger social gatherings.
Key to the success of all social
spaces throughout the site are their
central location, which allows equal
access for all residents.
Located in the centre of the site are
community facilities, including a
cafe, retail outlets and community
rooms for social and recreational
activities. In keeping with the
configuration of the site, the location
of these facilities directs residentstowards each other, to grow their
sense of community and belonging.
A MULTI-LAYERED WEBBING FORMATIONThe cluster formations formed across the site utilises an incremental growth
model of planning. The clusters of modular units formulate a solution that is
adaptable over time. The webbing spans the entire site at various scales, fromthe micro cluster formations of the living units, to the macro connection of
each social group to the central community facilities at the heart of the site.
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NODE + WEB CLUSTERSThe social capital spaces create nodes along the service
and green roads. These nodes alleviate the pressure
on the clusters of independent living units, allowing forlarger gathering spaces.
Within the independent living unit (ILU) cluster, edible
gardens and BBQ areas act as the social capital space.
These spaces then branches out to shaded pavilions
servicing clusters of ILUs. These shaded pavilions makes
a broader connection to the community and retail centre,
towards the heart of the site.
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A cluster of activity
INTEGRATION AT MICRO SCALEThe apparent paradox of this exploration was to decreased private space
while increasing the quality of life and the growth of community for residents.
But how can less result in more?
The design of this Seniors Living village utilises the redistribution of space,
rather than the reduction of space. Less space is dedicated to private zones,while more is allowed for communal use.
Each cluster of units is centred around a shared space, composed of edible
gardens and a shaded barbecue area. By design, residents are encouraged
to spend time outdoors, engage with their surroundings, explore their
interests, undertake low impact exercise and spend time with neighbours, as
well as family and friends visiting from further afield.
The circulatory Infrastructure networks support fluid movement throughout
the site and prevent isolation. They allow residents to move easily and
directly within and between clusters, while providing equal access to shared
social spaces.
The implications this design would have for Social Capital growth are
undeniable. The equal distribution of units prevents discord arising from
inequality of access and inclusion. Shared spaces are promoted as positive
space, rather than an encroachment on privacy, encouraging residents to be
active citizens, rather than individuals.
In this case study, we have designed a built environment that supports the
growth of true community; a community that functions as a body, where
each member has a unique part to play and the stronger members support
the weaker members.
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0 2m 4m 6m
Pedestrian Walkways
Green Roads
Shaded Pavilion
Independent Living Units
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Spaces to grow social capitalACTIVE LIVING, TOGETHERThese spaces encourage activity, to make living in the community as seniors
a vibrant experience, rather than a depressing waiting game. The spaces
provide a reason for residents to leave their private units and spend timetogether. The edible gardens provide fresh food good while leveraging the
powerful bonding mechanism of shared experiences.
With shared use also comes shared responsibility. All adjacent residents can
benefit from the facilities, regardless of their personal capacity to maintain
the spaces, contributing in whatever way they can.
Shared gardens & BBQ areas
SMALL SOCIAL SPACESEdible gardens and a shaded barbecue area
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HEALTH BENEFITSOutdoor spaces also have significant health benefits for the elderly and are
essential inclusions in preventative health care. Natural settings have been
shown to improve attention and reduce stress.
Long-suffering dementia and Alzheimers patients are known to have
decreased symptoms following time in gardens or being exposed to
horticultural therapy.37For survivors of stroke, walking will increase both the
quality of life and return to functional recovery.38
Shaded Pavilion
LARGER SOCIAL SPACESOpen recreational areas and shaded pavilions
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Adaptability of living units
Single ILU with private deck off bedroom.
Flexible spare room can be used as study,
lounge or guest/carer bedroom.
Single ILU with larger main bedroom instead of
deck. Additional indoor space allows for up to
three occupants comfortably.
1 BED 2 BEDS
FLEX ZONES ALLOW EASY RECONFIGURATIONThe use of manufactured building components reduces lifetime cost. These
savings help to offset the investment in social infrastructure.
The primary areas within each unit remain the same, while peripheral Flex
Zones allow the units to be reconfigured and even joined, at minimal cost
and effort. This means the units can evolve over time as the needs of their
occupants change.
0 1m 2m 3mFLEX ZONES
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Two single ILUs may be combined to provide a range of living options
for future occupants, such as converting the private deck into a second
spacious bedroom, retaining the additional living room, while the
complementary living unit becomes a fully contained studio.
3 BEDS+
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Flexibility of internal modulesPERSONALISING THE SPACEThe ability to personalise the space in which you live allows a sense
of ownership over it. A challenge facing senior residents, especially in
affordable housing situations, is the desire to make a space their own but theinability to do so. The modular interior fittings within the units allow them the
space to be easily change as new residents move into the space, or even as
the needs of ongoing residents evolve. Their flexibility enables the space to
work hard in meeting the needs of its occupants.
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Case Study #2:Affordable Habitats
for Students
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A Student Habitat at Macquarie UniversityCHALLENGES + OPPORTUNITIESDeveloping an affordable accommodation solution for students is
challenging for a range of reasons. Universitys capital budgets are
constrained, access to usable land immediately adjacent to campus is limitedand costly combined with students inherently limited ability to meet and pay
market value for rental property.
Typical student housing therefore rarely optimized. Students are often
subjected to poor quality affordable housing solutions that on many levels do
not support the ethos and brand values of the university.
Coupled with the issues of affordability students are struggling socially as many
have moved away from family and friends, perhaps also confronted with the
challenges of moving country. Their social infrastructure is weak and isolating.
With limited access to vehicles and a heavy reliance on poor public transport
services these students suffer further isolation due to their inability to accessretail centres and entertainment areas.
The solution for universities is to develop a low cost, high yield housing
solution for the benefit of students. These accommodation solutions need
to be designed in a manner that builds connectivity to foster relationships to
help students avoid isolation.
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BUILT ENVIRONMENT
MODULAR GRIDResponding to the economic
perspective of affordable habitats,
the utilisation of modular design
has allowed for the exploration
of adaptability. Standardising
accommodation and bathroom
modules supported by a more rigid
service cores and floor plates allows
planning to be reconf igured over
time. The overall building envelope
is defined by a central social spinethat extends beyond the physical
confines of the site in an attempt
to foster an interface between the
students, early childhood health
centre and broader context. Activated
by the incorporation of elements
including a caf and general store,
the spine allows for the development
of sustainable interactions which
promotes overall social capital.
INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKS
SOCIAL SPINEDefined by the social spine, the overall
circulation network is formed as a
multi-layered progression attempting to
restore connections between otherwise
isolated and disconnected individuals
and communities. This is explored at a
micro level throughout each individual
building by dividing and offsetting f loor
plates, while at macro level through
the staggering of overall building forms
across the sites natural contours.Morphological analysis of the immediate
and broader context regarding
transportation, economic (i.e. retail)
and social (i.e. entertainment) networks
directly informs the overall site response,
specifically considering the relative
proximity to Macquarie University and
appropriate transportation networks to
define points of access at all levels, from
the overall site to the individual buildings.
SOCIAL CAPITAL
PERMEABLESocial capital is developed throughout
the scheme as a series of overlapping
and multifaceted networks of interaction.
Explored initially at a micro level through
the blurring of public and private spaces,
these interactions are explored further
through the utilisation of central atriums
and a continuous circulation network,
which allows student clusters over
multiple floors to engage with one
another. Effective programmatic planningmaintains the essence of public and
private within these permeable spaces,
fostering community while respecting the
individual. At a macro level, interactions
between buildings are fostered through
visual and physical connections, which
are enhanced by the social spine and its
relationship to the broader context.
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Creating connections with the wider community
Student Habitat Site
Existing Student Housing
20 minute walking radius
Macquarie University
Macquarie Shopping Centre
SITE LOCATION
KEY PRECINCTS
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Active Transport
(walking/cycling)
Cafe/Dining
Church
Bus (to City Town Hall,
Ryde, Hurstville)
Library/Museum/Gallery
Rail (Epping - Chatswood)
Macquarie Shopping Centre
TRANSPORT
CULTURE +COMMUNITY
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Site planning with BISI principles
North-facing
Annual mean afternoon prevailing winds
Annual mean morning prevailing winds
CONSIDERING CLIMATEBuildings oriented to provide northern sun to two faades and the internal
atrium of each student accommodation.
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42.07m
81.87
m
RL +3.5 +
RL +3.0 +
RL +3.0+
RL +0.5 +
RL +0+
RL +0+
91.22
m
13.97m
17.59m
TO LANE COVE
NATIONAL PARK
TO MACQUARIE
UNIVERSITY VILLAGE
TO MACQUARIE
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
View corridors to Trafalgar Reserve, Waterloo
Park and Trafalgar Square
Axes representing pedestrian and cycling
circulation within site
CONSIDERING LEVELS & AXESThe longer axis opens up towards the Lane Cove National Park and
Macquarie University Village. It acts as a direct connection to other student
bodies within on campus accommodations and access to open recreationalspaces towards the north.
The shorter axis provides access to the immediate park and an alternative
pedestrian and cycling route to Macquarie University.
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CREATING A SOCIAL SPINEThe development of social capital is created by clear planning principals. This
student habitat focused on developing a central spine or node flanked by universal
spaces to which students are drawn to for exercise socializing. This social spinecompliments the communal spaces around the atrium within the each building.
The social spine invites students to connect, engage and participate.
Site planning with BISI principles
Social Spine + connection to wider context
Early Childhood Health Centre (ECHC)
Student Accommodation
Social Capital spaces
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MIXED-USE
LIVIN
G+ECHC
ENTR
ANCE
ATRIUM
EXTE
RNAL
SHAR
ED
INTE
RNA
LCIRCULATION
Student Bed/Bath Pods Central Atrium Adaptable communal spaces
Cafe, media hub, meeting roomsEarly Childhood Health Centre
Ground floor entry points Ground floor connection atrium Internal circulation cores
Inter-level circulation
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Stemming from the Social Spine
FOSTERING INTER-PERSONAL CONNECTIONSAdaptable social areas are created by
reclaiming the spaces in-between
buildings. These spaces are described by
pop-up street furniture, placement of public
art, changes in form and textures. These
spaces encourage students to connect.
S
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ADAPTABLE SOCIAL SPACES
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0 1m 2m 3m
Adaptable communal spacesSOCIAL SPACES THAT MOVE WITH LIFEWithin the student habitats is a central atrium with a range of highly visible
flexible social spaces that can be adapted to meet different modes. A kitchen
and dining area through the movement of an operable wall can become afestive gathering space or an area to spread out the books during examination
times. The configuration of spaces is driven by the students to meet the
everyday needs of their lifestyle, it is a personalised space
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HABITAB
LECORR
IDORS
INTIMAT
ESTUDY/
SOCIALS
PACE
COMMUNALSPACE
FESTIVEMODE
COMMUNALSPACE
STUDYMODE
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3
3
x
Grid of economically planned bedroom modules
Inserting shared bathrooms into flexible bedroom grid
Shifting bedroom modules to optimise space and create
private hallways
Central atriums increase solar access + visual permeability
between floors
Split floor plate and vertical circulation cores either side of atrium
Evolution of the gridAN ADAPTABLE FLOORPLATETo increase the ef ficiency of the building for
the student habitat a modular f loor plate has
been designed. The concept utilises a range ofstandardized configurable components to simply the
plan and construction. Many of the components
within the adaptable f loor plate are interchangeable
and upgradable. This approach offers a highly
efficient and productive standardised floor plate.
4 Bed Module
3 Bed Module
2 Bed Module
WC
Studio Module
Laundry
Public Program
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x 25100 BEDS
6 BEDS
20 BEDS
4 BEDS
TOTAL 130 BEDS
4 BED CONFIGURATION
3 BED CONFIGURATION
2 BED CONFIGURATION
STUDIO CONFIGURATION
x 2
x 10
x 4
Featuring a common bathroom with two washbasins and stalls separating the toilet and
shower, maintaining privacy but also promoting effective shared use.
Formed by subtracting a bedroom module to provide space for other programs, such as
ground floor cafe and circulation space.
All two bed configurations have disabled access, stretching the entire
floorplate to create wider rooms and doorways.
A studio unit is formed by subtracting a bedroom module and
widening the bathroom. The resulting void in the grid creates an
opportunity for additional study nooks, daylighting and winter gardens.
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A flexible way of livingMODULAR FIXTURESThe standard module is a compact 8 square metres, providing essential
private space that in turn facilitates engagement with communal living and
study spaces. The bedroom also features a window seat that maximises thespace and extends a connection to the outside.
Just as the bedroom module acts as a basic repeatable unit within the floor
plate grid, its internal space functions in a similar way. A wall of flexible units
are able to be configured according to the individual students needs, which
again points to an overall goal within the BISI framework - to create the ability
for spaces to respond to future needs in a way that is economically sustainable.
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The 2014 Envision Team would like to thank the
following people for the time spent assisting
in an understanding of current (and potentialfuture) design, practise and policy for affordable
habitats. Your contribution to the this publication
is greatly appreciated.
We would also like to pay special thanks to our
mentors at NBRS+PARTNERS - Andrew Duff in,
James Ward & Jessica Mees who helped us
realise the potential of the BISI Framework to
design more effective affordable habitats.
Mark McCrindleMcCrindle
Claire MaddenMcCrindle
Paul PholerosHealthabitat
Jon OwenUrban Neighbours of Hope
Dr Judith YatesUniversity of Sydney
Mike Furner BaptistCare
Andrew DuffinNBRS+PARTNERS
James WardNBRS+PARTNERS
Jessica MeesNBRS+PARTNERS
Acknowledgements
REFERENCES
CONTRIBUTORS
1. Housing Stressed, Addressing Housing Affordab ility in
Australia: A 4 Point Plan For The Next 5 Years, by
Housing Stressed.org.au (Sydney, 2011).
2. Urban Research Centre, University of Western Sydney,
Housing Affordability Literature Review and Affordable
Housing Program Audit, by UWS Urban Research
Centre (Sydney, 2008).
3. Ibid.
4. Housing Stressed, Addressing Housing Affordabil ity in
Australia: A 4 Point Plan For The Next 5 Years, by
Housing Stressed.org.au (Sydney, 2011).
5. Austral ian Bureau of Statisti cs, 1301.0 - Year Book
Australia, 2012: Home Owners and Renters, last
modified May 2012 http://www.abs.gov.au/
6. Alastair Parvin: Architec ture for the people by the
people, last modified February 2013,http://www.
ted.com/talks/alastair_parvin_architecture_for_the_
people_by_the_people.html
7. Ibid.
8. Sleeping Pods, last modified February 2012, http://
siblingnation.net/project/sleeping-pods/
9. Architects Turn Disused Parking Garages Into Pop-Up
Homes, last modified October 29, 2012, http://
popupcity.net/architects-turn-disused-parking-
garages-into-pop-up-homes/
10. Urban camping: Brooklyn arti st shows how to get
away from it all without even leaving the city as he
sets up tents on New York rooftops, last modified
June 17, 2013, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2342940/Urban-camping-Brooklyn-artist-
shows-away-leaving-city-sets-tents-New-York-
rooftops.html
11. Rucksack House by Stefan Eberstadt , last modified June
2007, http:// transform-mag.com/ps/rucksack-house-
by-stefan-eberstadt#id=4849
12. Inside The Keret House the Worlds Skinniest House
by Jakub Szczesny, last modified November 3, 2012,
http://www.archdaily.com/289630/inside-the-keret-
house-the-worlds-skinniest-house-by-jakub-szczesny/
13. RMIT Urban Spaces Project, last modified 2006, http://
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15. Is the Skyscraper the Ultimate High-Density
Development? last modified November 1, 2013, http://
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16. New, Affordable Housing in Copenhagen by JAJA
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17. Alastair Parvin: Architecture for the people by the
people, last modified February 2013,http://www.
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18. Anne Vernez Moudon, Urban morphology as an
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21. Enrique Pealosa: Why buses represent democracy in
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Envision Student PartnershipThe NBRS ENVISION Student Partnership Program is an annual partnership
with some of the most creative young minds in the design industry.
This unique intern program encourages students to investigate collaboratively
and provides them with an opportunity to experiment through an interplay of
research and design, while immersed in a thriving architectural practice. This
exploration promotes team-based problem-solving, forward-thinking concepts
and a re-evaluation of our contemporary environments.
A studio project is completed over the duration of the internship,
providing students with exposure and insight into the architectural design
and documentation process, to help form an appreciation for graduate
responsibilities within the off ice environment.
WWW.NBRSAP.COM.AU/ENVISION
2014 ENVISION TEAMLuen SamonteUNSW
Benjamin KnowlesUNSW
Annabel BlackmanUTS
RESEARCH
Beyondthethird
WorkplaceActivityBasedLiving: Alookintothefutureofourcities
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