bme 273 senior design project group 25 “mems in the market”
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BME 273BME 273Senior Design ProjectSenior Design Project
Group 25Group 25“MEMs in the Market”“MEMs in the Market”
ProblemProblem
Drug companies demand a MEMs device Drug companies demand a MEMs device that allows mobile, On-Chip drug testing, that allows mobile, On-Chip drug testing, but at this point, that demand has not been but at this point, that demand has not been metmet
Business StrategyBusiness Strategy
ObjectiveObjective: Developing a strategy to : Developing a strategy to market this BioMEMS device to major market this BioMEMS device to major drug companiesdrug companies
CustomerCustomer: Major drug development : Major drug development and drug delivery companies and drug delivery companies
Market PotentialMarket Potential
Worldwide MEMS market estimateWorldwide MEMS market estimate
(in billions of $)(in billions of $) 2003 3.852003 3.85 2004 4.52004 4.5 2005 5.42005 5.4 2006 6.22006 6.2 2007 72007 7
Source: Yole DevelopmentSource: Yole Development
2005 forecast MEMS markets by sector Automotive 41% Telecom 29% Bio-med 16% Military 3% Other 11%
Source: Peripheral Research Corp, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Microfluidics/LOC revenue forecasts 2004-2012
Corporate EnvironmentCorporate Environment
Microfluidics/LOC competitive market share, 2004
Market DriversMarket Drivers
Cost efficiencyCost efficiency Currently, $400-800 million and 10 years per drugCurrently, $400-800 million and 10 years per drug Reduced sample size Reduced sample size Lowers cost by decreasing Lowers cost by decreasing
reagent and labor usagereagent and labor usage <$1 per BioMEMS chip<$1 per BioMEMS chip
Scale up the number of cell cultures per Scale up the number of cell cultures per experimentexperiment Higher speed Higher speed faster experiments faster experiments
Greater control and modularity Greater control and modularity Portable experimentation Portable experimentation Reduction of human errorReduction of human error
Market BarriersMarket Barriers
Government regulation of medical devicesGovernment regulation of medical devices Class I device regulated by FDAClass I device regulated by FDA
Lack of a BioMEMS technological Lack of a BioMEMS technological standardstandardReplacing old systems with new Replacing old systems with new technologies technologies Reluctance from conservative pharm. Reluctance from conservative pharm.
companiescompanies
Scaling up production of prototypesScaling up production of prototypes Many possible manufacturing problemsMany possible manufacturing problems
Device ConstructionDevice Construction
ObjectiveObjective: Our primary objective is to create a : Our primary objective is to create a MEMs On-Chip dual cell culture device at the MEMs On-Chip dual cell culture device at the
pico-liter volume scale that allows for pico-liter volume scale that allows for automated cell culturing and sensing for the automated cell culturing and sensing for the
testing of drugs and other perfused testing of drugs and other perfused substances.substances.
GoalsGoals
Primary goal:Primary goal: Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter
volumes, on one chip according to previous volumes, on one chip according to previous specificationsspecifications
Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to retain life during experimentsretain life during experiments
Secondary goals:Secondary goals: Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to
sense the metabolism/response of cells to sense the metabolism/response of cells to different stimuli (i.e., drugs)different stimuli (i.e., drugs)
Solution OriginalSolution Original
Dual cell design Dual cell design with two waste with two waste channels to allow channels to allow independent independent experimentsexperimentsDual pressure Dual pressure gauges to allow gauges to allow closure of closure of entrance and exit entrance and exit channels for cell channels for cell capturingcapturingCheckerboard Checkerboard cell culture to cell culture to capture cells in capture cells in troughstroughs
SolutionSolution
This is the mask for the This is the mask for the primary experiment. primary experiment. Alterations to original Alterations to original drawing due to channel drawing due to channel flow restrictions and flow restrictions and MEMS practicalityMEMS practicality
Dimensions:Dimensions: Cell culture Cell culture
600 nm x 600 nm600 nm x 600 nm Perfusion ChannelsPerfusion Channels
MaximumMaximum30 nm30 nm
MinimumMinimum10 nm10 nm
Solution ContinuedSolution Continued
These are the pressure These are the pressure values that will be placed on values that will be placed on the layer above the channels the layer above the channels to allow for air pressure to to allow for air pressure to shut off specified channels on shut off specified channels on demanddemand
Fabricated separately onto a Fabricated separately onto a different layerdifferent layer
Products thus farProducts thus far
Mask deliveredMask delivered
Primary device Primary device createdcreated
Next step: Show cell Next step: Show cell viabilityviability
Devices UsedDevices Used
SolutionSolution
Secondary Design:Secondary Design:
SolutionSolution
Experimental Methods:Experimental Methods:
Load cells into deviceLoad cells into device
Begin perfusionBegin perfusion
Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc.Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc.
At different times periods test cell viability At different times periods test cell viability via fluorescencevia fluorescence
Test fluorescence via imagingTest fluorescence via imaging
MaterialsMaterials
Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS)Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS)
Negative Resist (SU-8)Negative Resist (SU-8)
Silicon WafersSilicon Wafers
MEMS laboratoryMEMS laboratory
8 mm masks8 mm masks
Platinum (working electrodes)Platinum (working electrodes)
Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)
Fabrication StepsFabrication Steps
Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion and perfusion.and perfusion.
Cast PDMS replica of masterCast PDMS replica of master
Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic control of cell insertion channels.control of cell insertion channels.
Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over top of lower regiontop of lower region
ReferencesReferencesFabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor integrated with Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor integrated with microstructuremicrostructure
Ching-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Shiku, Tomokazu MatsueChing-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Shiku, Tomokazu MatsueA BioMEMS Review: MEMS Technology for Physiologically Integrated A BioMEMS Review: MEMS Technology for Physiologically Integrated DevicesDevices
AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA S. SHAWGO, AUDREY M. AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA S. SHAWGO, AUDREY M. JOHNSON, NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI, MICHAEL J. CIMA, AND JOHNSON, NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI, MICHAEL J. CIMA, AND ROBERT LANGERROBERT LANGER
Bouchaud, Jeremie. “BioMEMS: high potential but also highly Bouchaud, Jeremie. “BioMEMS: high potential but also highly challenging.” Wicht Technology Consulting, Munich. 21 February 2006.challenging.” Wicht Technology Consulting, Munich. 21 February 2006.Clark, Lauren. “BioMEMS: Mini Medical Devices with Major Market Clark, Lauren. “BioMEMS: Mini Medical Devices with Major Market Potential.” MIT Deshpande Center Ignition Forum. 8 December 2003. Potential.” MIT Deshpande Center Ignition Forum. 8 December 2003. http://http://web.mit.edu/deshpandecenterweb.mit.edu/deshpandecenter Allan, Roger. “BioMEMS Making Huge Inroads Into Medical Market.” Allan, Roger. “BioMEMS Making Huge Inroads Into Medical Market.” Electronic DesignElectronic Design. 16 June 2003. . 16 June 2003. http://http://www.elecdesign.com/Articles/Index.cfm?ADwww.elecdesign.com/Articles/Index.cfm?AD=1&AD=1&ArticleID=5050=1&AD=1&ArticleID=5050 Brown, Chappell. “Chip Makers Looking at BioMEMS.” Brown, Chappell. “Chip Makers Looking at BioMEMS.” EE Times EE Times OnlineOnline. 27 March 2003. . 27 March 2003. http://www.eet.com/story/OEG20030327S0019http://www.eet.com/story/OEG20030327S0019
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