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Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities for Biocontrol Solutions

A perspective from Colombia, South America

Nicolás Cock DuqueCEO, Co-founder Ecoflora AgroExecutive Director Asobiocol

Contents1. Globalization: challenges for a sustainable

and competitive agriculture in LATAM

2. Colombia´s potential Contribution to Sustainable Agriculture and to Feed the World Sustainably

3. Colombia: the birth place of several global biocontrol pioneers and innovators…

4. Benefits of Biocontrol in the framework of True and Sustainable IPM

1. Globalization:

Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Where will we find enough food in 2050 for 9 billion?

And how will we produce it in a sustainable way…?

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Efficient and sustainable systems to feed the world

are imperative…

Latin America – share of global trade in food and agricultureSource: UN Comtrade, FAO, Rabobank

A key continent for global food security and climatic stability

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Food & agriculture exports

16%

84%

Latam Rest of world

4%

96%

Latam Rest of world

Food & agriculture importsShare of world export, avg. 2010 - 2012

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%Bananas Beef Coffee Corn Poultry Soybeans Sugar

Mexico & Central America South America

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Small and subsistence farming vs agro industrial farming

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Source: ecoosfera.com/wp-content/imagenes/Deforestation-Amazon.jpg

Free-trade vs subsidies

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Source: www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/

projected-impact-of-climate-change

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Free-trade vs subsidies

Growing gaps and inequalities between rich and poor (amongst and within countries)

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

RICH POOR

Source: http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/images/bioeconomy_graphic_full.jpg

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Petroeconomy vs

Bioeconomy

Source: www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/projected-impact-of-climate-change

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Source: ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/07/food-ark/food-variety-graphic

- Genetic erosion vs. GMOs

- Food safety vs. food sovereignty

- Biofuels vs. food

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

Deforestation, agricultural frontier expansion vs. climate change and biodiversity loss and food safety

1. Globalization: Challenges for a sustainable and competitive agriculture in LATAM

How China See’s the World…

Source: The Economist march 20, 2009

2. Colombia’s potential contribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed the world sustainably

A megadiverse countryLocated in the Heart

of the Americas

Colombia is a megadiverse country:No. 1 worldwide on species diversity / Km2

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Source: www.procolombia.co/

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Colombia is part of New Geopolitical and Economic Alliances that are gaining momentum

Source: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/04/the-latin-

american-economy-in-8-charts/

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Main crops in Colombia

Banana

Coffee

African palm

Avocado

Sugarcane

Cocoa

All

Crop

7,500

50,000

950,000

500,000

16,000

232,000

180,000

7,100,000

Cultivated Area (ha.) World Rank (Exports)

1 Production2 Exports

2

3

4

5

7 (No.1 in productivity:tons sugar/ha.)

8

New land available for farming: 6,000,000 million has.

Source: Ministry of Agriculture

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

“Colombia has enough land to become a global

food pantry…”

Challenge and opportunity of reconverting extensive inefficient cattle ranching

into sustainable productive activities

Source: Ministry of Agriculture

Current vs. Potential Land Uses(Million has.) in Colombia

104

22

11

22

11 1032

4250 48

6050403020

100

Agriculture Agroforestry Forestry Cattle ranching Natural Parks /Conservation

Land Use Vocation Current Use

Mill

ion

has.

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Destination of ColombianAgro Exports

Colombia exports todayto the same markets

60 %Exports 2004

2013

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Organic Agriculture Vs. Total Area Grown (%) in LATAM

Fren

ch G

uian

a (F

ranc

e)

Uru

guay

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic

Mex

ico

12 34

Arg

entin

a

5

Perú

6

Mar

tiniq

ue (F

ranc

e)

7

Hon

dura

s

8

Gre

nada

9

Pana

má

10

Nic

arag

ua

11

Ecua

dor

12

Bel

ize

13

Bah

amas

14

El S

alva

dor

Cos

ta R

ica

15 16

Bol

ivia

(Plu

rinat

iona

l Sta

te o

f)

17

Gua

tem

ala

18

Bra

zil

19

Para

guay

20

Gua

delo

upe

(Fra

nce)

21H

aiti

22

Chi

le

23

Col

ombi

a

24

Surin

ame

Cub

a

Jam

aica

Surin

ame

25 26 27 28

Guy

ana

Trin

idad

and

Tob

ago

Vene

zuel

a (B

oliv

aria

n R

epub

lic o

f)

29 30 31

10,0%

9,0%

8,0%

7,0%

6,0%

5,0%

4,0%

3,0%

2,0%

1,0%

0,0%

Colombia is ranked25th in LATAM

6.78 million has of Organic Crops in

Latam/ 43.66 million of world’s total (15.5%) in 2015

Source: IFOAM and FiBL

Fren

ch G

uian

a (F

ranc

e)

Uru

guay

Falk

land

s is

land

s (M

alvi

nas)

Mex

ico

12 34

Arg

entin

a

5

Perú

6

Mar

tiniq

ue (F

ranc

e)

7

Hon

dura

s

8

Gre

nada

9

Pana

má

10

Nic

arag

ua

11

Ecua

dor

12

Bel

ize

13

Bah

amas

14

El S

alva

dor

Cos

ta R

ica

15 16

Bol

ivia

(Plu

rinat

iona

l Sta

te o

f)

17

Gua

tem

ala

18

Bra

zil

19

Para

guay

20

Gua

delo

upe

(Fra

nce)

21

Hai

ti

22

Chi

le

23 24

Surin

ame

Cub

a

Jam

aica

25 26 27 28

Puer

to R

ico

Uni

ted

Stat

es V

irgin

Isla

nds

29 30 31

3.500.000

3.000.000

2.500.000

2.000.000

1.500.000

1.000.000

500.000

0

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic

Col

ombi

a

Dom

inic

a

Area (has.) grown in Organic Agriunturein LATAM conuntries

2. Colombia’s potentialContribution to sustainable agriculture and to feed

the world sustainably

Organic food shouldn’t be an elite’s luxurious good

Healthy (innocuous) food should be a human right...

No Latam country ́s amongst top 12.

More than 180 million has. Of GMO crops grown worldwide in 2015. 76+ million in LATAM

(42% of world ́s total)

100,000 ha. of GMO crops grown in Colombia

Conventional pesticides vs. Biocontrol solutions in Colombia

97 to 98% of the crop protection

products sold in Colombia (US 500 million in 2016) are chemical pesticides

Many molecules still being sold in Colombia have already been banned in

the countries where these were synthesized or in the

destination countries of Colombian agroexports.

More external pressure than internal conscience for innocuous food.

3. Colombia: The birthplace of several global biocontrol pioneers and innovators...

To promote Ethical BioTrade practices by offering UEBT members independent verification, technical support and networking opportunities for biodiversity-based innovation and sourcing in the framework of the CBD and the Nagoya Protocol.

PurposeTo promote biocontrol as technological solutions that contribute to a systemic change of Colombia ́s agriculture positively impacting farmers and consumers and the country ́s competitiveness, sustainability, food security and sovereignty, environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and public health.

Some of our members

4. Benefits of Biocontrol in the framework of True and Sustainable IPM

The Paradigm: Chemical pesticidesare the most effective solution

for pest control

Captiva(plant extract)

% Mites (Tetranychus urticae)Mortality by contact (3 daa)

AbamectineProduct

Milbemectine

0102030405060

7080

90

TECHNICAL PROFILE SPIDER WEB ANALISYS

Abamectine Captiva Milbemectine

100908070605040302010

0

% Mortality larvae directapplication 48 haa (4)Residual effect (1)

0% = 0 days25 = 1 - 3 days

50% = 3 - 7 days75%= 7 - 15 days

100% = More than 15 days

% Predatory mites (Phytoseilluspersimilis) survival 48 haa (2)

% Anti feeding effect 9 daa (3)

% Anti egg laying effect 72 haa (3) % Mortality adults directapplication 48 haa (5)

% Mortality larvae treated surface48 haa (3)

Toxicological category0% = Category l extremely toxic25% = Category ll Highly toxic

75% = Category lll Moderatly toxic100% = Category lV slightly toxic

% Mortality adult treated surface48 haa (3)

Crop Protection Index (CPI)

Abamectina Captiva

CPI 228.447 636.681

Milbemectina

494.497

100.000

200.000

300.000

400.000

500.000

600.000

700.000

(Beyond Pesticides, February 4, 2016) Washington State University (WSU) researchers published a review study in the journal Nature Plants that deemed organic agriculture as a necessary tool for feeding the global population sustainably. In their review, which analyzed

hundreds of studies about organic and conventional agriculture, soil science and agroecology professor John Reganold, Ph.D., and doctoral candidate Jonathan Wachter referred to organic agriculture as an untapped resource for feeding the Earth’s population, “especially in the face of climate change and other global challenges.” Using over 40 years of science, this study, entitled “Organic Agriculture in the 21st

Century,” aptly refers to organic agriculture as the solution to the globe’s current and future food crises and conventional farming as an undeniable catalyst in the Earth’s demise.

OrganicYield

NutritionalQuality

MinimizePesticideResidues

ReduceWorker

Exposure toPesticides

Employmentof Workers

EcosystemServices

Total Costs

MinimizeWater

Pollution

Biodiversity

MinimizeEnergy

Use

Soil QualityYield

NutritionalQuality

MinimizePesticideResidues

ReduceWorker

Exposure toPesticides

Employmentof Workers

EcosystemServices

Total Costs

MinimizeWater

Pollution

Biodiversity

MinimizeEnergy

Use

Soil Quality

Conventional

Thanks

p. +57 4 386 1186m. +57 310 442 0599

nicolas@ecofloragro.com

www.ecofloragro.com

Nicolás Cock Duque - CEO