c ell s tructure and f unction georgia standards: s5l3a. use magnifiers such as microscopes or hand...
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CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONGeorgia Standards:• S5L3a. Use magnifiers such as microscopes or hand
lenses to observe cells and their structures• S5L3b. Identify parts of a plant cell and animal cell
and determine the function of the parts.
WHY IT MATTERS…A cell uses parts that work together like a
team. Each part has a specific job, and it works with the other parts to reach a common goal.
Your body is made up of a trillions of cells. Healthy cells work together for a healthy you.
CELLSMain Idea: All living things are made of cells. To stay alive and healthy, cells need food, water, and a way to eliminate waste.
:)
CELLS
A single cell is the smallest structure that carries out the activities necessary for life.
Inside a cell are structures that perform certain functions (like a factory).
Different parts of the factory produce or control different things. One gets food or water. Another part keeps the cell clean. Other parts are in charge of reproducing.
Just like a factory, all parts of the cell must work together to run smoothly. An organism cannot survive without cells working properly.
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
Plant and animal cells may look different but they share similar feature. They have at least three features in common: Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm
WHAT IS A CELL?
WHAT ARE THREE THINGS THAT ALL CELLS NEED?
WHAT ARE THREE FEATURES THAT ALL CELLS HAVE IN COMMON?
PARTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
Cell Membrane:• The outer covering of the cell
• Water and food enter through the cell membrane
• Wastes leave through the cell membranePlant Cell Animal Cell
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
Nucleus:• Control center of the cell
• Carries information for reproduction and directs all cell activities
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
Cytoplasm:• Gel-like material that surrounds all parts of
the cell within the membrane• Contains the nucleus and the cell’s
organelles
ORGANELLESSmall structures within the cell that have a specific job
PLANT CELLS
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Cell Wall: Gives the plant cell extra support
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Vacuole: A tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm
of a cell Stores food, water, and wastes
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Mitochondria: An organelle containing enzymes responsible
for producing energy
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Endoplasmic Reticulum A membrane network within the cytoplasm of
cells involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of cellular materials.
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Golgi Body: A cell organelle made up of a system of membranes in which proteins are processed
PARTS OF A PLANT CELL
Chloroplast: An organelle found in the cells of green plants, where photosynthesis takes place.
ANIMAL CELLS
PARTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL
Vacuole: A tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm
of a cell Stores food, water, and wastes
PARTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL
Mitochondria: An organelle containing enzymes responsible
for producing energy
PARTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL
Endoplasmic Reticulum A membrane network within the cytoplasm of
cells involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of cellular materials.
PARTS OF AN ANIMAL CELL
Golgi Body: A cell organelle made up of a system of membranes in which proteins are processed
NAME THE PARTS OF A CELL THAT ARE FOUND ONLY IN THE PLANT CELL.
WHERE IS CYTOPLASM FOUND?
READ THE CLUES. IDENTIFY THE ORGANELLE THAT IS BEING DESCRIBED.
The cell’s control center
Provides structure to the cell
Stores material Transport Provides energy
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Clue Organelle
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Golgi BodyEndoplasmic ReticulumMitochondria
CELL TRANSPORTATIONA cell membrane holds cell matter inside but allows water, gases, and wastes to pass through.
There are two types of transportation
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
Cells use no energy in passive transport. Substances diffuse across the cell membrane. They move from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
High Concentration
Low Concentration
DIFFUSION“A process that spreads substances through a
gas or liquid.”
The simplest kind of passive transport Substances diffuse from regions of high
concentration to low concentration Transports many gases into and out of cellsExample: The smell of dinner from across the room
OSMOSIS
“The diffusion of water across the membrane”
Specialized form of diffusion Often stops substances dissolved in the
water Often keeps water inside cells
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Cells must use energy to move materials across a cell membrane from areas of low concentration to high concentration. Cells form vesicles to do this
Vesicle
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Sometimes, large proteins in the cell membrane help move materials in and out
Proteins act as tunnels that allow certain materials to pass
USING ENERGYAll living things need energy to survive.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
“To make food by harnessing the energy of sunlight”
:)
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