c10 u7 project gerunds and infinitives

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s remember something first….

SEE(Ver)

Base form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Base)

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s remember something first….

SEE(Ver)

Base form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Base)

TO SEE(Ver)

Infinitive form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Infinitiva)

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s remember something first….

SEE(Ver)

Base form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Base)

TO SEE(Ver)

Infinitive form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Infinitiva)

SEEING(Ver ó Viendo)

Gerund form of the verb

(Verbo en forma Gerundia)

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

Principal Verb

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

Principal Verb

Verb in infinitive

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

She can’t stand working late

Principal Verb

Verb in infinitive

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

She can’t stand working late

Principal Verb

Verb in infinitive

Verb in gerund

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

She can’t stand to work late

She can’t stand working late

Principal Verb

Verb in infinitive

Verb in gerund

Different verb forms but same meaning

(Diferentes formas del verbo, pero el significado es el mismo)

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

Ella no soporta trabajar hasta tarde.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Verb in infinitive

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Verb in infinitive

Verb in gerund

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

Let’s take a look at the following sentences…

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Verb in infinitive

Verb in gerund

Different meaning!!(Diferente significado)

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

WHY ARE THEY DIFFERENT??

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

En inglés algunos verbos pueden ser seguidos o por un gerundio o por un infinitivo. En algunos casos, no importa si el verbo esta en forma infinitiva o gerundio, el significado es el mismo. Con otros verbos, el

significado cambia.

Remember to call your mother

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Verb in infinitive

Verb in gerund

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

En inglés algunos verbos pueden ser seguidos o por un gerundio o por un infinitivo. En algunos casos, no importa si el verbo esta en forma infinitiva o gerundio, el significado es el mismo. Con otros verbos, el

significado cambia.

Remember to call your mother

Verb in infinitive

In this example, the principal verb is Remember and the complementary verb is call

Cuando después del verbo Remember va un verbo en forma “Infinitiva”, el significado es:

Recordar hacer algo

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES: CHANGES IN MEANING

En inglés algunos verbos pueden ser seguidos o por un gerundio o por un infinitivo. En algunos casos, no importa si el verbo esta en forma infinitiva o gerundio, el significado es el mismo. Con otros verbos, el

significado cambia.

Remember to call your mother

Verb in infinitive

In this example, the principal verb is Remember and the complementary verb is call

Cuando después del verbo Remember va un verbo en forma “Infinitiva”, el significado es:

Recordar hacer algo

I remember calling your mother a week ago.

Verb in gerundCuando después del verbo Remember va un verbo en forma “gerundio”, el significado es:

Recordar algo que sucedió en el pasado

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por infinitivos)

Afford (costearse) I can’t afford to buy a car.

Decide (decidir) I decided to go to England

Some verbs are followed by gerunds(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios)

Avoid (evitar) She avoids eating fast food

Quit (renunciar) My father quit smoking.

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

FORGET(olvidar)

FORGET + Gerund: Olvidar que algo pasó.

FORGET + Infinitive: Olvidar hacer algo.

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

FORGET(olvidar)

FORGET + Gerund: Olvidar que algo pasó.

FORGET + Infinitive: Olvidar hacer algo.

I forget going to the movies last month(No recuerdo ir al cine el mes pasado)

I forgot to go to the movies.(Olvidé ir al cine)

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

REGRET(arrepentirse)

REGRET + Gerund: Arrepentirse de una acción

pasada

REGRET + Infinitive: Arrepentirse de tener que

informar a alguien acerca de una acción.

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

REGRET(arrepentirse)

REGRET + Gerund: Arrepentirse de una acción

pasada

REGRET + Infinitive: Arrepentirse de tener que

informar a alguien acerca de una acción.

We regret telling you to buy that car. It’s really bad!

(Nos arrepentimos de decirte que compraras ese carro. !Es realmente malo!)

I regret to tell you that your pet has died.

(Lamento decirte que tu mascota ha muerto)

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

REMEMBER(Recordar)

REMEMBER + Gerund: Recordar algo que sucedió.

REMEMBER + Infinitive: Recordar algo que tiene que

hacerse.

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

REMEMBER(Recordar)

REMEMBER + Gerund: Recordar algo que sucedió.

REMEMBER + Infinitive: Recordar algo que tiene que

hacerse.

I remember going to the park on Sundays when I was a child.

(Recuerdo ir al parque los domingos cuando era un niño)

Did you remember to go to your parents’ house?

(¿Recordaste ir a la casa de tus padres?)

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

STOP(Recordar)

STOP + Gerund: Parar o detener una acción que esta o

ha estado en progreso.

STOP + Infinitive: Parar o detenerse a hacer algo.

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

With a change of meaning(con cambio de significado)

STOP(Recordar)

STOP + Gerund: Parar o detener una acción que esta o

ha estado en progreso.

STOP + Infinitive: Parar o detenerse a hacer algo.

I stopped smoking.(Paré de fumar)

I stopped to smoke(Me detuve a fumar)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

BEGIN(Iniciar - Empezar)

I began to work in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

I began working in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

BEGIN(Iniciar - Empezar)

I began to work in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

I began working in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

CAN’T STAND(No soportar)

I can’t stand going to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

I can’t stand to go to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

BEGIN(Iniciar - Empezar)

I began to work in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

I began working in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

CAN’T STAND(No soportar)

I can’t stand going to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

CONTINUE(Continuar)

She continued studying French.(Ella continuó estudiando Francés)

I can’t stand to go to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

She continued to study French.(Ella continuó estudiando Francés)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

BEGIN(Iniciar - Empezar)

I began to work in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

I began working in a company.(Yo empecé a trabar en una compañía)

CAN’T STAND(No soportar)

I can’t stand going to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

CONTINUE(Continuar)

She continued studying French.(Ella continuó estudiando Francés)

HATE(Odiar)

My fathers hates listening rock music.

(Mi padre odia escuchar música Rock)

I can’t stand to go to noisy places.(No soporto ir a lugares ruidosos)

She continued to study French.(Ella continuó estudiando Francés)

My fathers hates to listen to rock music.

(Mi padre odia escuchar música Rock)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

LIKE(Gustar)

I like talking to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

I like to talk to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

LIKE(Gustar)

I like talking to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

LOVE(Amar - Encantar)

My brother loves eating at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

I like to talk to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

My brother loves to eat at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

LIKE(Gustar)

I like talking to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

LOVE(Amar - Encantar)

My brother loves eating at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

PREFER(Preferir)

I prefer taking a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

I like to talk to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

My brother loves to eat at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

I prefer to take a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

LIKE(Gustar)

I like talking to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

LOVE(Amar - Encantar)

My brother loves eating at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

PREFER(Preferir)

I prefer taking a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

START(Iniciar - empezar)

My sister started teaching math.(Mi hermana empezó a enseñar matemática)

I like to talk to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

My brother loves to eat at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

I prefer to take a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

My sister started to teach math.(Mi hermana empezó a enseñar matemática)

Remember…

Some verbs are followed by gerunds or infinitives(algunos verbos son seguidos por gerundios o infinitivos)

Without a change of meaning(sin cambio de significado)

LIKE(Gustar)

I like talking to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

LOVE(Amar - Encantar)

My brother loves eating at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

PREFER(Preferir)

I prefer taking a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

START(Iniciar - empezar)

My sister started teaching math.(Mi hermana empezó a enseñar matemática)

TRY(Intentar - probar)

I tried speaking German.(Intenté hablar Alemán)

I like to talk to my wife.(Me gusta hablar con mi esposa)

My brother loves to eat at McDonalds

(A mi hermano le encanta comer en McDonalds)

I prefer to take a plane than a bus.(Prefiero tomar un avión a un bus)

My sister started to teach math.(Mi hermana empezó a enseñar matemática)

I tried to speak German.(Intenté hablar Alemán)

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.Verb

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.Verb Object

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.

Verb Object Infinitive

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “WANT”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.

Verb Object Infinitive

(My jefe quiere que yo vaya a la conferencia)

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “INVITE”:

My boss want me to go to the conference.

Verb Object Infinitive

(My jefe quiere que yo vaya a la conferencia)

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “INVITE”:

My boss wants me to go to the conference.

Verb Object Infinitive

(My jefe quiere que yo vaya a la conferencia)

Remember…

Some verbs must be followed by objects + infinitives(algunos verbos tienen que ser seguidos por objetos + infinitivos)

Objects me – you – him – her – it – us - them

Verbs that MUST be

followed by object + infinitive

Advise – Allow – Ask – Beg – Cause – Challenge – Convince – Encourage – Expect – Forbid – Force – Help – Hire – Instruct – Invite – Need – Order – Permit – Persuade – Promise – Remind – Require –

Teach – Tell – Urge – Want – Warn – Would like

Example with the verb “INVITE”:

Helen invited us to eat at her house.

Verb Object Infinitive

(Helen nos invitó a comer a su casa)

Grammar Extra!

• List of verbs that take the gerund, infinitive or verb + object + infinitive:

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/verblist.htm

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/structures/gerund_infinitive_verbs.htm

• Exercises

http://www.eslpartyland.com/quiz/haight.htm

http://esl.lbcc.cc.ca.us/eesllessons/gerundinf/gerinfmc1.htm