canarie “community condo fiber networks” the customer empowered networking revolution
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CANARIE
“Community Condo Fiber Networks”The Customer Empowered Networking Revolution
http://www.canarie.ca
http://www.canet3.net
Bill.St.Arnaud@canarie.caTel: +1.613.785.0426
David.Macneil@canarie.caTel: +1.613.943.5377
Mission: To facilitate the development of Canada’s communications infrastructure and stimulate next generation products, applications and services
Canadian equivalent to Internet 2 and NGI private-sector led, not-for-profit consortium consortium formed 1993 federal funding of $300m (1993-99) total project costs estimated well over $600 M currently over 140 members; 21 Board members
CANARIE Inc
Canada & the Optical Age World leader in optical networking - JDS Fitel, Nortel, Cambrian, Positron
Fiber Systems, CISCO Canada, PMC Sierra, QNX, Tropic, Edgeflow, Accelight, Lumenon
Over 75% of the world’s Internet traffic is carried on equipment made in Canada
Nortel Optical Transport made in Montreal Newbridge ATM switches made in Ottawa JDS Fitel optical components made in Ottawa CISCO GSR12000 made in Ottawa, Toronto and Vancouver
CA*net 3 - A network for basic research unparalleled anywhere in the world Canada could be poised to be a world leader in the “optical age”
Silicon Valley was the capital of the “silicon age” Britain was the capital of the “industrial age”
Canada has the critical industrial base for the optical age
GigaPOP
CA*net 3 National Optical Internet
Vancouver
Calgary ReginaWinnipeg
Ottawa
Montreal
Toronto
Halifax
St. John’s
FrederictonCharlottetown
ORAN
BCnet
Netera SRnet MRnet
ONet RISQ
ACORN
ChicagoSTAR TAP
CA*net 3 Primary Route
Seattle
New York
CA*net 3 Diverse Route
Deploying a 4 channel CWDM Gigabit Ethernet
network – 400 km
Deploying a 4 channel Gigabit
Ethernet transparent optical DWDM–
1500 km
Multiple Customer Owned Dark Fiber
Networks connecting
universities and schools
16 channel DWDM-8 wavelengths @OC-192 reserved for CANARIE-8 wavelengths for carrier and other customers
Consortium Partners:Bell Nexxia
NortelCisco
JDS UniphaseNewbridge
Condo Dark Fiber Networks
connecting universities and
schools
Condo Fiber Network linking all
universities and hospital
CA*net 3 & Community Networks
E-research grids Researchers will want to use computing resources of
schools and homes SETI@Home New grid projects in bio-informatics, pharmaceutical
research, particle physics need access to millions of computers
Democratization of research Next big discovery in cancer or particle physics could be
made at your local high school
Customer Empowered Networks School boards and municipalities throughout North America are building
condominium dark fiber networks in partnership with next generation carrier
Individual institutions – the customers – own and control their own strands of fiber
Fiber are configured in point to point private networks; or Connect to local ISP or carrier hotel Private sector maintains the fiber
Low cost LAN architectures and optics are used to light the fiber These new concepts in customer empowered networking are starting in the
same place as the Internet started – the university and research community. Customers will start with dark fiber but will eventually extend further
outwards with customer control and ownership of wavelengths Extending the Internet model of autonomous peering networks to the
telecom world
Examples of CENCustomer Empowered Networks
Universities in Quebec are building their own 3500km “condominium” fiber network in partnership with 6 next gen carriers- $US 2million
Will deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear Universities in Alberta are deploying their own 400 km 4xGbe dark fiber network
- $US 200K Deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear
Chicago is building a fiber networking linking all public sector institutions - $US 250m
City of Montreal is second most fibered city in the world because of municipal owned open access conduit
In Ottawa is deploying a 85km- 144 strand “condominium” network connecting 26 institutions – cost $1m US
Peel County – Missassuaga & Brampton has built a 200km public sector fiber network - $US 5m
Many other cities including Ashland OR, Halifax, Fredericton, Toronto are looking at similar initiatives
Market Drivers First - low cost
Up to 1000% reduction over current telecom prices. 6-12 month payback Second - LAN invades the WAN – no complex SONET or ATM required in
network Network Restoral & Protection can be done by customer using a variety of
techniques such as wireless backup, or relocating servers to a multi-homed site, etc
Third - Enables new applications and services not possible with traditional telecom service providers Relocation of servers and extending LAN to central site Out sourcing LAN and web servers to a 3rd party because no performance impact IP telephony in the wide area (Spokane) HDTV video
Fourth – Allows access to new competitive low cost telecom and IT companies at carrier neutral meet me points Much easier to out source servers, e-commerce etc to a 3rd party at a carrier
neutral collocation facility
What is condominium fiber? A number of organizations such as schools, hospitals, businesses and universities get together
to fund and build a fiber network Carrier partners are also invited to be part of condominium project
Several next generation carriers and fiber brokers are now arranging condominium fiber builds IMS, QuebecTel, Videotron, Cogeco, Dixon Cable, GT Telecom, etc etc
Fiber is installed, owned and maintained by 3rd party professional fiber contractors – usually the same contractors used by the carriers for their fiber builds
Each institution gets its own set of fibers, at cost, on a 20 year IRU (Indefeasible Right of Use) One time up front cost, plus annual maintenance and right of way cost approx 5% of the
capital cost Institution lights up their own strands with whatever technology they want – Gigabit Ethernet,
ATM, PBX, etc New long range laser will reach 120 km
Ideal solution for point to point links for large fixed institutions Payback is usually less than 18 months
• Province wide network of condominium fiber to 420 communities in Alberta
• Guaranteed cost of bandwidth to all public sector institutions• $500/mo for 10 Mbps, $700/mo for 100 Mbps
• Network a mix of fibre builds and existing supplier infrastructure (swap/buy/lease)
• Condominium approach: All suppliers can• Buy (or swap) a share of the fibre (during build or after)• Lease bandwidth at competitive rates
• GOA has perpetual right to use (IRU) • Ownership will be held at arms length• GOA/stakeholder rates are costs to run divided over users• Because of fibre capacity, bandwidth can be made available to
businesses at urban competitive rate• Total cost $193m• Bell Intrigna prime contractor
Alberta SUPERnet
Extended Area• 372 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Proceeds from
businesses (urban benchmarked rates) to GOA to further network
Base Area• 48 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Business proceeds to Bell
(urban benchmarked rates)
- $143 Million GOA
- 100% GOA IRU
- $50 Million
GOA
- 33%GOA IRU
- $102 Million
Bell
- 67% Bell IRU
Alberta SUPERnet IRUs
Combination:
• Fibre build
• Use of Existing Infrastructure
Communities with one or more school
Bell Legend
Extended Fibre Network
Base Fibre Network
Backhaul From Other Vendor
BUFFALO TRAILS SCHOOL DIVISION
Clandonald
Tulliby Lake
Lloydminster Public School District # 1753
Innisfree
VermilionKitscoty
Mannville
Paradise Valley
Dewberry
Chauvin
Edgerton
Hardisty
Amisk
Wainwright
Irma
St. Paul Education Regional Division # 1
Elk Island Public Schools Regional Division # 14
Golden Hills Regional Division # 15
Aspen View Regional Division # 19
Clearview School Division # 71
Prairie Land Regional Division # 25
Battle River Regional Division # 31
Northland School Division # 61
Coronation
Elk Point
Killam
Provost
Sedgewick
Two Hills
Vegreville
Viking
Alliance
Consort
Czar
Forestburg
Galahad
Hairy Hill
Heisler
Holden
Lavoy
Marwayne
Myrnam
Strome
Veteran
Willingdon
Alberta SUPERnet Example
Current (Typical)Residences
• 56 Kbps dial Internet ($85/Month)
• No high speed Internet
Businesses
• Some T1 Facilities ($2000/Month average - rates distance sensitive)
• Some high speed business service on special setup arrangement
Future (Everywhere)Residences• High speed DSL residential
Internet at urban rates ($40/month)
Businesses• High speed business services
available at competitive urban rates (eg $820/month - T1)
• Higher speeds at comparable rates
RURAL COMMUNITIES
Alberta SUPERnet Impact
•CivicNet - A City-Wide Condominium Fiber Project •connecting up 1600 public sector institutions•Oriented to Development of Backbone Infrastructure•With Gateways to Tributary Systems•More Fiber in More Places Faster•Ubiquitous, Pervasive: 1,600 Locations•E-Z High-Performance Low-Cost Internet Connectivity•Foundation = Existing City Fiber Builds
Chicago CivicNet
Fredericton, N.B.
“At this morning's quarterly Mayor's Business Breakfast, City of Fredericton Mayor A.M. (Sandy) DiGiacinto released details about the high-speed fibre optic cable which will be used to connected the new NRC E-Commerce Institute (UNB campus) to the Greater Fredericton Knowledge Park. Staff have been instructed by City Council to prepare a business case that would leverage this 3 km stretch of cable into an Ultra High-Speed Community Network managed by the municipality.”
Nov. 2000
Fredericton
Started as Economic Development tool MUSH, Govt., Research - ISP, carriers
invited to participate Build partners emerged quickly, $50,000
“donated” by three firms Contracting now for 8 km phase 1,
$110,000, complete Sept 2001 48 fiber min.
À venir
Bande passante louée
Projet démarré
Construit
Observatoire Mont-Mégantic
Val d’Or/Rouyn
MAN de Montréal
MAN de Québec
MAN de Sherbrooke
MAN d’Ottawa/Hull
Quebec University Condo Network
St-Laurent/Vanier
Lanaudière
Maisonneuve
Marie-Victorin
Champlain
Rosemont
Sorel-Tracy
Montmorency
Édouard-Montpetit
Vieux-Montréal
Bois-de-Boulogne
Ahuntsic
Lionel-Groulx
Vers Québec
Gérald-Godin
John-Abbott
André-Laurendeau
Dawson
À venir
Bande passante louée
Projet démarré
Construit
Montreal Public Sector Condominium Networks
School Board
Stud
y
Eng
inee
ring
Con
stru
ctio
n
PROJECT
Capitale x 140 km of fibre optics 80 schoolsRégion-de-Sherbrooke x 180 km of fibre optics 66 schoolsRivière-du-Nord x 175 km of fibre optics 52 schoolsSeigneurie-des-Mille-Iles x x x 200 km of fibre optics 80 schools 4 partnersAmiante x x x 12 km of fibre optics 9 schoolsLaval x x x 170 km of fibre optics 111 schools 3 partnersSaint-Hyacinthe x 250 km of fibre optics 51 schoolsAffluents x x x 170 km of fibre optics 70 schools 4 partnersBois-Francs x x x 60 km of fibre optics 12 schools 4 partnersDraveurs x x 90 km of fibre optics 40 schoolsGrandes-Seigneuries x 210 km of fibre optics 58 schoolsHautes-Rivières x 250 km of fibre optics 54 schoolsLaurentides x 200 km of fibre optics 35 schoolsPatriotes x 2 km of fibre optics 3 schoolsPremières-Seigneurie x 190 km of fibre optics 73 schoolsSamares x 460 km of fibre optics 72 schoolsTrois-Lacs x x 45 km of fibre optics 15 schoolsChemin-du-Roy x 29 km of fibre optics 11 sitesMarie-Victorin x 6 km of fibre optics 5 schoolsSir-Wilfrid-Laurier x x x 92 km of fibre optics 20 schools
List of School Board Fiber Builds
South Dundas Results
Morrisburg , Iroquios Have Fibre Hung Electronics In and Fibre Lit ISP’s , ASP’s all Want In the Fibre Major Employers Inquiring Very Positive Attitude in Community Digital Desert to Digital Oasis
Peel County Municipal Fiber Network
Mississauga, Brampton, Pell 200 km of Fibre 96 strand backbone
“Enough for small country”
12-60 strands elsewhere 12,000 strand-kilometers
Laid end-to-end = Victoria to St. John’s …...and back again
Ottawa Fiber Condominium
Consortium consists of 16 members from various sectors including businesses, hospitals, schools, universities, research institutes
26 sites Point-to-point topology 144 fibre pairs Route diversity requirement for one member 85 km run $11k - $50K per site Total project cost $CDN 1.25 million Cost per strand less than $.50 per strand per meter 80% aerial Due to overwhelming response to first build – planning for second
build under way
Typical Fiber Capital Costs
Average total cost between $7 and $15 per meter as follows: Engineering and Design:
$1 - $3 per meter for engineering, design, supervision, splicing Plus Installation:
$7 to $10 per meter for install in existing conduit; or $3 to $6 per meter for install on existing poles
Plus Premise termination: Average $5k each
Plus cost of fiber: 15¢ per strand per meter for 36 strands or less 12¢ per strand per meter for 96 strands or less 10¢ per strand per meter 192 strands or less 5¢ per strand per meter over 192 strands
Condo Fiber Costs - Examples Des affluents: Total cost $1,500,000 ($750,000 for schools)
70 schools 12 municipal buildings 204 km fiber $1,500,000 total cost average cost per building - $18,000 per building
Mille-Isles: Total cost $2,100,000 ($1,500,000 for schools) 80 schools 18 municipal buildings 223km $21,428 per building
Laval: Total cost $1,800,000 ($1,000,000 for schools) 111 schools 45 municipal buildings 165 km $11,500 per building
Peel county: Total cost $5m – 100 buildings Cost per building $50,000
Typical Payback for school(Real example – des affluents – north of Montreal)
Over 3 years total expenditure of $1,440,000 for DSL service Total cost of dark fiber network for 75 schools $1,350,000 Additional condominium participants were brought in to
lower cost to school board to $750,000 School board can now centralize routers and network servers
at each school Estimated savings in travel and software upgrades
$800,000 Payback typically 8 –16 months Independent Study by Group Secor available upon request
Before
After fiber
fiberAntennas 780Novell Servers 82 1SQL Servers 13 3Lotus Notes Servers 21Tape Backup Servers 12 4Ethernet switches/hubs 10 98Routers 1083Cache/proxy (Linux) 120Fire walls (Linux) 11
Reduction in the number of servers
Condo fiber for Business
Significant reduction in price for local loop costs No increase in local loop costs as bandwidth demands increase Ability to outsource LAN and web servers to distant location as LAN
speeds and performance can be maintained over dark fiber Access to lower cost competitive service providers at carrier neutral
hotels New entrants cannot afford high cost of building out their own
fiber networks Even small businesses with less than 20 employees can realize
significant savings and benefits Examples:
Colgate-Palmolive build in Cincinnati Nortel, Cisco, Gov’t depts in Ottawa
Advantage of Condo Fiber
CentralOffice
CentralOffice
Today: Customer pays 2 telcos for SONET connections
Carrier managed SONET ring
Customer Owned Dark FiberLong reach lasers
SONET Mux and ADM
ISP ISP
ISPISP
Tomorrow: Multiple Customer owned dark fiber links to ISPs
$50K one timeUnlimited Bandwidth
$50K one timeUnlimited bandwidth
Monthly costFixed Bandwidth
Condo fiber for cities In downtown core minimizes digging up streets
If N carriers are trying to deploy service then number of times roads has to be torn up is N squared
However with condominium fiber road only has to be torn up once
Produces a competitive market place and level playing field New competitive carrier can meet customers at carrier neutral collocation facilities Eliminates market advantage of incumbents
In suburban areas eliminates duopoly of cable and TV companies The first company to install fiber into suburban neighborhoods will likely have a
natural monopoly In Stockholm home owners have a choice of 4 cable companies
Makes cities a much more attractive place for new high tech businesses and service
Facilities based competition in the residential neighborhood?
Facilities based competition is alive and well in downtown core The biggest challenge for governments is manage and coordinate the
digging up of streets Outside of downtown in big cities
Usually only a monopoly telecom provider At best a duopoly
How do we introduce facilities based competition into this market (or at least come as close as possible to true facilities based competition)?
As well how can we assure scalable high speed Internet services to the home that eventually will support Gigabit speeds or higher?
Community Fiber Architecture A community consortia would put together a plan to fiber up all public sector
buildings in their community A community can be a province, a municipality, village, etc
A fiber splice box that terminates the fiber at the street side nearby each public sector building such as school, hospital, library is called a “Node”
Community should must insure that potential facilities exist near the for private sector equipment to connect up future home owners – colo facility
Colo facility allows private sector to extend wireless, VDSL or HFC services to the neighbourhood around the school
Public sector buildings will have dedicated fiber strands that connect to a “Supernode” which is a fiber splice box on the street beside outside of major public sector central facility such as school board office, city hall, university, etc
Community should insure that facilities exist nearby the Supernode for the private sector to install equipment to service home owners and businesses – colo facility
Additional fibers are made available from the Supernode to all Nodes such that competitive service providers can purchase fiber to the node at some future date
Possible architecture for large town
School
School board office
School
Telco Central Office
Central OfficeFor Wireless
Company
VDSL, HFC or FiberProvisioned by service provider
Condominium Fiber with separate strands owned by school and by service providers
Carrier Owned Fiber
Cable head end
Average Fiber Penetration to 250-500
homes
ColoFacility
Benefits to Industry For cablecos and telcos it help them accelerate the deployment of high speed
internet services into the community Currently deployment of DSL and cable modem deployment is hampered
by high cost of deploying fiber into the neighbourhoods Cable companies need fiber to every 250 homes for cable modem service,
but currently only have fiber on average to every 5000 homes Telephone companies need to get fiber to every 250 homes to support
VDSL or FSAN technologies Wireless companies need to get fiber to every 250 homes for new high
bandwidth wireless services and mobile Internet It will provide opportunities for small innovative service providers to offer
service to public institutions as well as homes For e-commerce and web hosting companies it will generate new business in out
sourcing and web hosting For Canadian optical manufacturing companies it will provide new opportunities
for sales of optical technology and components
There is a clear trend in all formerly monopoly services to move to unbundled competitive services
Roads and highway systems vs railways: infrastructure was largely “public”, but the services (e.g. trucking) were private and competitive
Electrical distribution systems: regulated monopolies (unbundling is on horizon)
Gas distribution systems: regulated monopolies (unbundling is well underway)
Legacy telecommunications systems: moving to unbundled fiber and facilities based competition
Historical Reference Points
Carriers are not the only decision maker in the last mile
Governments and consumers are becoming more active voice in determining the future of broadband to home
Do not assume that carrier best technical solution is the only approach Open access is becoming a critical political issue
Consumers want more than duopoly of cable and telco Facilities based competition the best
Municipalities object to their streets being torn up Dig once – bury lots of fiber
Residents object to street furniture and antennae
Governments promote the framework for GITH networks by funding schools, universities, libraries, hospitals and municipal buildings as first customers and early adopters of dark fiber and optical networks
Private sector leverages that investment by government to promote high speed Internet access to schools and universities to extend the fiber to the home
Electric utility companies, municipal governments, CLECs, SMEs, entrepreneurs, as well as traditional telcos and cablecos can participate as providers, provided they subscribe to the architecture of open access, facilities based competition through dark fiber (or wavelengths)
Emphasize the development and use of technology that specifically addresses the new architecture and the last mile, which must therefore be open, cheap and Internet-only
An important Role for Government
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