ccie r&s -...

CCIE R&S

Yusuf Bhaiji – Senior Manager, Expert Certifications #9305

Know Your Enemy, Plan of Attack, Battlefield Tactics and…The Untold Story

BRKCCIE-3000

Session Abstract• Whether you're starting the journey to earn your CCIE Routing and Switching

number or you're actively preparing for the lab exam, this session is for you!

• The main objective of this short session is to provide you with good guidance on how to effectively prepare and approach the exam.

• Though the session includes illustrations and sample questions, its primary focus is around exam centric approaches and strategies. It is not aimed at covering in details much technical topics susceptible to appear in the exams.

• There is no prerequisite to attend the session.

• The agenda includes three main parts: "Know Your Enemy", "Plan of Attack" and "Battlefield Tactics" and it closes with a series of advises "The untold...".

BRKCCIE-3000

Know What You Don’t Know

• Know Your Enemy• Exam Curriculum• Exam Design

• Plan of Attack• Battlefield Tactics• The untold

Agenda

CCIE R&Sv5 Certification Process

Written Exam

120min

Practical ExamCCIEpass pass

TS120min

DIAG30min

CFG330 min

1. Troubleshooting2. Diagnostic

3. Configuration

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Lab Skills Assessment

A BProblem Solution

Y ZDesign

RequirementImplementation

Decision

TSDIAG

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Lab Skills Assessment

• Perceive problem areas• Analyse symptoms of

networking issues, identify and describe root cause

• Correlate information from multiple sources

• Discern appropriate solution • Apply Troubleshooting

Methodologies• Troubleshoot Network

technologies (any topic on the blueprint)

• Abstract functional element of complex network environment

• Understand how infrastructure components interoperate

• Implement Network technologies (any topic on the blueprint)

• Design appropriate solutions to network infrastructure’s challenges within constraints and verify functionality

• Resolve networking problems• Use IOS Troubleshooting

tools• Apply Troubleshooting

methodologies• Troubleshoot Network

technologies (any topic on the blueprint)

• Implement and verify working solution of networking issues

TS DIAG CFG

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Agenda

Exam Topics (a.k.a Blueprint)

learningnetwork.cisco.comCertifications > Expert > Exam >Topics

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Curriculum• https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/community/certifications/ccie_routing_switching

• https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/docs/DOC-22705• https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/docs/DOC-22706

BRKCCIE-3000

Updated CCIE Framework: July 25th 2016

Blueprint Weights

WRT% LAB%

Evolving Technologies (Common across all Tracks)

10% N/AREST API SDN IoT DevOps XaaS Automation and

Orchestration OpenStack Cloud NFV/AFV

CCIE Data Center v2.0Consolidated/

Unified Blueprint

CCIE SP

Current BP

per track

CCIE Security

Current BP per track

CCIE Wireless

CCIE Collaboration

CCIE R&S

Current BP

per track

CCDECurrent BP

per track 90% 100%

100% 100%

https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/community/ccie-enhancements

BRKCCIE-3000

Agenda

CCIE Exam Design

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Lab Exam Format

Troubleshooting(2h)

Configuration(5h30)

Virtual devices

DIAG(30min)

No Device Virtual devices

Web-based delivery

Optional + 30min

Optional - 30min

minScore minScoreminScore

Cut Score

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Scoring Logic

• 2 required conditions to PASS: • #1: MUST meet or exceed each module’s minScore• #2: MUST meet or exceed the Lab’s TOTAL cutScore

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Example#1: PASS + FAIL+ PASS = FAIL!

• #1: DIDN’t meet or exceed each module’s minScore• #2: met or exceeded the Lab’s TOTAL cutScore

• Strong in both TS and CFG but very weak in DIAG.

Module Total score Min score Cut score

TS 30 15 23

DIAG 10 4 7

CFG 60 25 45

100 75

Candidate 1 Score PASS/FAIL

TS 28 PASS

DIAG 2 FAIL

CFG 52 PASS

LAB 82 FAIL

!This is just an illustration! Actual values vary per exam questionnaire!

BRKCCIE-3000

Example#2: PASS + PASS + PASS = FAIL!

• #1: met or exceeded each module’s minScore• #2: DIDN’T meet or exceed the Lab’s TOTAL cutScore

• Passed all modules minScore, but total < cutScore!

TS 30 15 23

DIAG 10 4 7

CFG 60 25 45

100 75

TS 15 PASS

DIAG 5 PASS

CFG 27 PASS

LAB 47 FAIL

BRKCCIE-3000

Example#3: PASS + PASS + PASS = PASS!

• #1: met or exceeded each module’s minScore• #2: met or exceeded the Lab’s TOTAL cutScore

• Compensated a weakness in TS with strength in CFG!

• TS( minScore < score < cut score )

TS 30 15 23

DIAG 10 4 7

CFG 60 25 45

100 75

TS 18 PASS

DIAG 5 PASS

CFG 52 PASS

LAB 75 PASS

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Timing Rules

• TS is maximum 150min

• DIAG is fixed to 30min

• CFG is 8h minus (TS + DIAG) == minimum 310min!

BRKCCIE-3000

• Know Your Enemy• Plan of Attack

• Exam Preparations• Exam Guidelines & Strategy

• Battlefield Tactics• The untold

Agenda

I HAVE A PLAN…

ATTACK!

How to eat an elephant?

One bite at a time!

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE Exam PreparationsExpert knowledge & performance requires

ACTIVE LEARNING & DELIBERATE PRACTICE

while not Ready:Research Read AnalyseCorrelate Practice ‘known’ Practice ‘unknown’Self-assess

LEARN•READ•UNDERSTAND•REMEMBER

PRACTICE•BASIC SCENARIO

• INCREASE DIFFICULTY

PRACTICE•EXPLORE•OBSERVE • INVENT

TROUBLESHOOT•VERIFY•ANTICIPATE•VALIDATE

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Preparation Materials• Cisco Learning Network (CLN)

• https://learningnetwork.cisco.com

• Cisco Documentation• http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/psa/default.html?mode=prod

• Cisco Expert-level Training Program for CCIE RS• https://learningnetwork.cisco.com/community/learning_center/cisco_360/360-rs

• Ciscopress books• http://www.ciscopress.com/markets/detail.asp?st=44718

• CCIE Lab builder• https://learningnetworkstore.cisco.com/cisco-ccie-lab-builder

BRKCCIE-3000

• Know Your Enemy• Plan of Attack

• Exam Preparations• Exam Guidelines & Strategy

• Battlefield Tactics• The untold

Agenda

I HAVE A PLAN…

ATTACK!

Exam Guidelines

• Do’s and Don’t

• Don’t change device access (console, passwd, hostname)• Verify device health and pre-configs• Read all content (guidelines, diagrams, items)• Configure and troubleshoot (anticipate, implement, verify)• Save configuration

BRKCCIE-3000

Exam Strategy• Did you drive the same way on your driving license test

compared to how you drive in real life?

Driving LicenseSurname: Name:Sex: Date of Birth:Nationality: Address:

License#: 123456789

BRKCCIE-3000

Lab Exam Strategy

PASS it! “Just”…

BRKCCIE-3000

CCIE R&Sv5 Lab Exam Strategy“Just” PASS it!

• Don’t try to ace it! Relax! Target 80% in all modules, not 100%!!!

• Don’t give up after TS!Remember the Scoring logic!

• Don’t use extra time in TS! Manage your time!

• Don’t just do & assume… anticipate & verify too!Pay attention to details!

BRKCCIE-3000

Exam Strategy: Manage your time!• Do not get stuck!

• Set time limit per item!• Use your watch or workstation’ clock!• Monitor the session’s count-down timer (TS & DIAG)!• STOP and move on to the next item! • Keep a note… and get back to it later…• Use prohibited solution if needed… • Troubleshoot before asking help to the proctor!

BRKCCIE-3000

Exam Strategy: Pay attention to the detail!• Do not assume!

• Read items multiple times!• Consult diagrams! (authoritative reference)• Think, anticipate and plan before doing! • Beware of typos! • Use notepad + copy/paste to author config snippets!• Verify states, not configuration! • Re-read item when completed, check for anything missing!

Read, Think, Anticipate, Do, Verify, Re-read, Re-verify!

BRKCCIE-3000

Exam Strategy: Control your stress!• Build your confidence level!

• Relax!• Scan read and cherry pick items!• Take the low-hanging fruits! (Collect the ‘easy’ points first!)• Use notepad to speed up configs!• Rely on the documentation!• Keep notes of overall progress (TS & CFG).

BRKCCIE-3000

• Know Your Enemy• Plan of Attack• Battlefield Tactics

• Per-module Tactics• Module demo

• The untold

Agenda

Practical Exam

TS DIAG CFG

TS Tactics to… avoid getting stuck!• Cherry pick items:

• Identify items with lower points value…• Set time limit, monitor time and move on if needed!!

• Focus on the highlighted region of the main topology!*

• Don’t expect best practice scenario!

• Isolate the issue with a Root-cause-analysis!

• Keep track of config changes you made! Revert to inits if needed!

• Go for the simplest solution!

• Verify your solution against constraints and guidelines!

• Don’t use the extra time if you’re confident to score >=80%!

BRKCCIE-3000

Anatomy of a TS item…• Mini-diagram

• Symptoms

• Validation test

• Additional constraints

• Pointer to guidelines

• Score

BRKCCIE-3000

Solution vs Guidelines…• Is it allowed to:

• “shutdown interface”?• “remove OSPF network type”?• “change network mask”?• “remove MTU”? • “disable DHCP snooping”? • “configure a new tunnel interface”?• “remove an ACL”?• “change an ACL”?• “remove excluded address”?• Etc…

• NO!• YES, as long as the interface is still in OSPF!• YES, as long as the interface is still up/up• YES, it simply reverts to default config!!• NO!• NO!• NO!• YES, as long as it is still applied where it was!• YES, as long as this is the only possible solution!

Use common sense! And …

Proctor is your last resort…BRKCCIE-3000

• The untold

Agenda

Practical Exam

TS DIAG CFG

DIAG Tactics to… Make your choice!• Carefully read the stem and all options then go through all resources provided.

• Mentally picture the situation and understand the problem asked.

• Reject absurd option(s) and identify options’ pair(s)!

• Test each plausible option(s) using the resources provided!

• Use your knowledge and experience to navigate different resources!

• There is only one correct answer, considering all resources provided!

• Go for the simplest option(s) that is confirmed by the provided documentation!

• Take your time but watch the clock! (NB: Time is fixed to 30 minutes).

BRKCCIE-3000

• The untold

Agenda

Practical Exam

TS DIAG CFG

CFG Tactics to… Anticipate, Do, Verify! • Quickly read the whole scenario!

• Gauge item difficulty and identify inter-dependency between items.

• Determine the item sequence for efficient implementation!

• Work item as a unit! Keep note when missing requirements!

• Identify explicit vs implicit requirements…

• Think about smart configuration options before jumping to configuration.• Choose fastest solution option.• Minimise keyboard time (notepad, copy/paste, aliases, minimal CLI, …)

• Enable debugs, test and validate solutions.

• Better to use a prohibited solution than missing a requirement!

• Verify all requirements – Reread the whole stem! BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#1Refer to “Diagram 1: Layer 2 Connections”.

Configure VLAN Trunking Protocol in the ACME Headquarters network as per the following requirements:• Use VTP version 2.

• The VTP domain name is ”CCIE” (without quotes).

• Secure the VTP advertisements with a MD5 hash of the string ”CCIE" (without quotes).

• SW1 must propagate all VLAN configuration changes to SW2, SW3, and SW4.• Verify that SW2, SW3 and SW4 accept all VLAN configuration changes done on SW1.

Configure the trunk ports in ACME Headquarters network as per the following requirements:

• Configure interfaces E2/0 to E2/3 of SW1 and SW2 as dot1Q trunks.• Configure interfaces E2/2 and E2/3 of SW3 and SW4 as dot1Q trunks.

• All trunks must set the native VLAN to VLAN 999.

• All VLANs must be allowed on all trunks.

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#1: Explicit requirementsRefer to “Diagram 1: Layer 2 Connections”.

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#1: Implicit requirementsRefer to “Diagram 1: Layer 2 Connections”.

… Functional & Independent...

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#1: Validation requirementsRefer to “Diagram 1: Layer 2 Connections”.

…Explicit verification…

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#1: Easy item• Low points value.

• Very explicit requirements.

• Independent functional requirements.

• Very similar configuration for multiple devices.

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#2Configure the ACME network as per the following requirements:

• Configure a static default route on R1 pointing to 123.99.1.1.• Configure a static default route on R2 pointing to 123.99.2.1.

• Configure a static default route on R5 pointing to 123.99.5.1.

• Configure a static route on R5 for 123.99.0.0/16 pointing to 123.99.5.1.• SW5 must install two equal-cost external default routes into its routing table.

• SW6 must receive a default route from R5; no other EIGRP prefix must be propagated to SW6.

• SW7 must receive only an internal default route from R6, no other EIGRP prefix must be propagated to SW7.

• R1 and R2 must propagate a default route into the EIGRP domain as an external route.

• R3 and R4 must receive an external default route from either R1 or R2.

• The headquarters must have reachability to all access VLANs of all remote sites (VLAN 601, 602, 701 and 801) via either the DMVPN cloud or via the MPLS VPN.

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#2: Explicit requirementsConfigure the ACME network as per the following requirements:

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#2: Implicit requirementsConfigure the ACME network as per the following requirements:

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#2: Implicit requirementsConfigure the ACME network as per the following requirements:

constraints

interdependentHidden bomb… BRKCCIE-3000

CFG Sample Item#2: Difficult item• Higher points value.

• May have some explicit requirements.

• Will have implicit requirements.

• Requires more anticipation, configuration and verification!

• Relies on completion of any other item(s)!

• Might contain a hidden bomb!

BRKCCIE-3000

CFG requirements types• Explicit: clearly calls out what must be done

• Implicit: provides information about desired specification without calling it out• Functional: describes a difference between two features or protocols to narrow down

solution choice• Outcome: describes the result or effect of a feature or protocol• Independent: doesn’t rely on completion of any other item’s requirement(s)*• Interdependent: does rely on completion of any other item’s requirement(s)

• Constraint: imposes a restriction between optional so

• Validation: describes possibl

• Distractor: doesn’t require any action(*) though may rely on other requirement(s) of the current item…

• (*) though may depend on other requirements in the current item…

BRKCCIE-3000

• Exam Sample Items

• The Untold

Agenda

The Untold…Knowledge test vs Performance test

BRKCCIE-3000

Deliberate Practice• Practice on what you don’t master yet!

• Put yourself out of your comfort zone!

• Spend time, lots of time, but practice with purpose, not just muscle!• The 10 years of silence… or 10.000 hours!

• Focus on tiny improvements! Get 1% better every day/week!• Master one skill at a time! Get feedback! Set measurable goals!

• Repeat and work on techniques to improve performance (i.e. speed!)• Put in your full attention!

BRKCCIE-3000

Deliberate Practice Strategy• Do I really understand the fundamentals?

• Don’t lose sight on the fundamentals

• Am I working on the next step?• Build cumulative skills!

• What am I missing? What is new? How can I grow?• Expertise is a process, not a race!

BRKCCIE-3000

Know What You Don’t Know

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