ccnxcon2012: session 3: ndn applicability to v2v and v2r networks
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Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
Ryuji Wakikawa, Rama Vuyyuru Toyota Info-Technology Center USA, Mt.view CA Lucas Wang, Lixia Zhang, Giovanni Pau University of California, Los Angeles CA
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Internet
V2I: Vehicle to Internet
V2V: Vehicle to Vehicle
V2R: Vehicle to Road-Side Unit
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
Internet
V2I: Vehicle to Internet
V2V: Vehicle to Vehicle
V2R: Vehicle to Road-Side Unit Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Vehicle to Road Side Unit(V2R)
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
DSRC PHY+MAC (IEEE 802.11p)
DSRC Channel switching (IEEE 1609.4)
DSRC WSMP with safety sub-layer
(IEEE 1609.3) IPv6
TCP/UDP
Message Formats Min. Performance Req. (SAE J2735, J2945-1)
Non-safety Applications
DSR
C Security
(IEE
E 1609.2)
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
Internet Protocol (IP) V2V, V2R
802.11p (DSRC, WAVE)
IP-based Architecture
V2I Ethernet/PLC 3G/LTE/WiFi
802.15.4/BT/NFC/RFID
Application Type Safety applications Mobility Applications Infotainment
applications
Application description
Collision avoidance
Adaptive Cruise Control
Traffic Signal
Information
Probing System
Traffic Information
Social Networking
Entertainment
Major Requirement
Fast connection High Reliability Always on/Scalability Broadband
Technical Challenges Interference, Scalability, Spectrum Connectivity,
Spectrum Bandwidth, Cost
Information
Multim
edia
Navigation
System
Non-S
afety
Safety
Problem of IP-based V2V/V2R - Routing overhead (ad-hoc) - Destination Identification - Service Discovery - Lack of Security (Data/Control)
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
P $20 P $10
Traffic
Traffic Information: Trip Time, Congestion, Route, Accidental Info, etc.
Parking/Restaurant/Shops Ad. info.
Gas/Charging Station Info.: Pricing, Availability, etc.
Useful data can be exchanged locally among vehicles.
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
Recent Friday afternoon road conditions in Los Angeles area
Source California, Dept. of Transportation
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Not working
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sensor Consumer
Internet 3G/LTE HD radio
publisher
• VICS • Cab • Road sensors
Phone/Navigation
Sensor/publisher Consumer
NDN Wifi DSRC LTE/3G
Wifi DSRC LTE/3G
NDN
sensor Consumer
FM Radio
IR beacon
publisher
Road sensors VICS (in JP) Vics center
Google - SmartPhones (Google Map) - Portable Navigation Device (PND)
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
! Why NDN? ! Vehicles know the data they need ! Data consumers do not know which vehcile may have the
data
! Differences of vehicular NDN from original design ! No Routing: “No unicasting but broadcasting”
! Vehicular NDN does not use FIB ! Vehicular NDN requires different PIT management schemes, e.g.
broadcasting interests several times before its expiration.
! High Data Propagation: ! Vehicles may cache data even if there is no pending interest, and
serve as data mule for other cars.
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FIB
PIT
Contents
DSRC/WAVE/802.11p
WiFi
Network Interfaces Databases
Pending Interests Table
Forwarding Information Base
Contents Cache (data from built-in sensors, built-in cameras, safety system)
!"!#$%&'(&)*+,#-+,*+.#
/.()#0+*1# 23(&145%+.67(89.1#
"&*:.&#
We assume each vehicle embeds a NDN module – Each vehicle can generate various data, either periodically or in an event-driven
fashion – Each car has sufficient memory space and transmission power
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
!
RSU
The data publisher stores data from sensors, camera or safety systems.
Traffic message
via DSRC
Data
The data consumer sends interest and receives data.
The data mule caches any data it can collect.
data
data
data 1
New processed data
data
+ + Road work
Data
Head Unit displays the processed information.
data
data
data
Data 2 Data 3
data
Publisher
Consumer Consumer
Mule
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
! Design goals for data naming ! Should allow data publishers to describe what they have. ! Should allow data consumers to describe what they need
! Requirements ! Geographical scoping
! Define location based scope for generated content
! Temporal scoping ! Define validity time for the content generated
! Duplication detection and elimination ! Detect duplicate content and eliminate redundancy
! Data accuracy ! Naming should support estimating accuracy of published content
! Other requirements specific to application
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
! First proposal for naming structure ! /traffic/geolocation/timestamp/data type/nonce
! “traffic” serves as application id to make naming application specific
! “geolocation” specifies where the event happens ! “timestamp” shows when the event happens ! “data type” indicates the meaning of data,
! e.g. closed lane, vehicle speed etc. ! “nonce” is used to uniquely identify each interest
! Example ! /traffic/Highway 101/north/{400,410}/
{1323201600,1323205200}/speed/19375887 ! {400, 410} is the section number range showing where the event
is generated ! {1323201600,1323205200} is the temporal range showing data is
generated between 12:00 and 13:00 on December 6th, 2011
Toyota InfoTechnology Center, U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
! Our activity for NDN-based V2V/V2R ! Investigation of NDN requirements from various use-cases ! Optimization of NDN specification for automotive ! Investigation of naming design for various applications ! Evaluation of vehicular NDN by simulation
! Publications ! DMND: Collecting Data from Mobiles Using Named Data Jiangzhe
Wang, Ryuji Wakikawa, Lixia Zhang. IEEE VNC 2010 ! Data Naming in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications Lucas Wang,
Ryuji Wakikawa, Romain Kuntz, Rama Vuyyuru, Lixia Zhang, IEEE NOMEM 2012
! Rapid Traffic Information Dissemination Using Named Data Lucas Wang, Alexander Afanasyev, Romain Kuntz, Rama Vuyyuru, Ryuji Wakikawa, Lixia Zhang ACM NOM 2012
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Homepage!http://www.us.toyota-itc.com!Headquarters!465 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043!New York O"ce!156 West 56th Street, Suite 1001, New York, NY 10019!
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