cells part i cells i living things: highly organized convert energy for their own use control...
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Living Things: Highly organized Convert energy
for their own use Control internal
environment (Homeostasis)
Have adaptations Respond to stimuli Grow Reproduce Have emergent properties
Discovery of Cells 17th CenturyRobert Hooke
observed cork in a microscope.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek described “animalcules” he found in tooth plaque.
Cell Theory
1. The cell is the smallest unit of life.
2. All organisms are made from one or more cells.
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Schleiden & Schwann
Different types of microscopes are used to
study cells
Light MicroscopeMost cells
Stereo Microscope1-celled organisms
Electron MicroscopeCells small molecules
Scanning Electron Microscope 3-D images
Two Categories of Cells Prokaryotes “Before” nucleus Simple structure Bacteria Archaebacteria
Eukaryotes True nucleus holds DNA Many cell parts with
special functions One cell or
multicellular organisms Plants! Animals!
People!
Cells have structures specialized for:
Providing a barrier between cell & environment
Storing information for building & maintaining cell(software)
Manufacturing cell parts & machinery Maintenance Energy processing Support, movement & communication
All cells have: Cell membrane Surrounds, contains, protects Cytoplasm “Cell gel” fills interior of cell Ribosomes Help make proteins for cells DNA Coded instructions for cell
(software)
Prokaryotic cells may also have: Cell wall – surrounds cell membrane;
protects, maintains shape Capsule – additional protection;
“glue” Prokaryotic Flagellum – movement Pili – attach bacteria to surfaces
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