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Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 1 of 38
Chapter 2 Risk Assessment Contents
1. Introduction Page 3 2. What is risk assessment Page 3 3. Definitions Page 4 4. Key Responsibilities Page 4 5. Risk Assessment Process Page 4 6. Completion of Risk Assessment Form Page 5 7. Communication of Risk Assessment Page 10 8. Further Advice and Assistance Page 10 Risk Assessment Form Page 11 Completed Risk Assessment Form Page 13 Hazards, risk and control measures Page 15 Playgrounds Page 15 Corridors Page 16 Car Parks Page 17 Kitchens Page 18 Dining Areas Page 19 Classrooms Page 20 Lunch/Break time Page 21 Halls Page 23 Care taking duties Page 24 Libraries Page 26 Staffroom Page 27 Store Room Page 27 Admin Office Page 28 Art, Design and craft room Page 29 Domestic science/ cookery classroom Page 30 Biology Laboratory Page 31 Chemistry / Physics Laboratory Page 32 Engineering Workshop Page 34 Gymnasium Page 35 ICT Suite Page 36
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Version The table below shows the history of the document and the changes that were made at each version.
Version Date Summary of changes 1.0 13th August 2012 Initial issue
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1. Introduction. 1.1 A risk assessment is an important step in protecting all employees, pupils, visitors
and the business, as well as complying with the law. It helps to focus on the risks that really matter in the workplace, and the ones with the potential to cause real harm. In many instances, straightforward measures can readily control risks, for example ensuring spillages are cleaned up promptly so people do not slip, or cupboard drawers are kept closed to ensure people do not trip. For most, that means simple, cheap and effective measures to ensure all are protected. The law does not expect the elimination of all risk, but does expect to protect people from risk as far as ‘reasonably practicable’.
2. What is risk assessment.
2.1 A risk assessment is simply a careful examination of what, could cause harm to people, so that you can judge whether enough precautions are in place, or more should be to prevent harm. Workers and others have a right to be protected from harm caused by a failure to take reasonable control measures.
2.2 Accidents and ill health can ruin lives and affect the business too if staff are
injured, claims for compensation are made, or the school or individuals in the school are prosecuted. The employer is legally required to assess the risks in the workplace so that there is a plan to control the risks. The main responsibility to manage risks and carry out risk assessments lies with the head teacher.
2.3 There is no need to overcomplicate the process. In schools risks are well known
and the necessary control measures are easy to apply. It will be already known if, for example, who uses a computer extensively during their working day and may not be seated appropriately, or where people are most likely to slip or trip. If so, check that reasonable precautions are taken to avoid injury. In all cases, involve staff or their representatives in the process. They will have useful information about how the work is done, that will make the assessment of the risk more thorough and effective. But remember, Line Managers are responsible for seeing that the assessment is carried out properly.
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3. Definitions. 3.1 A Hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm, such as chemicals,
electricity, working from ladders, etc 3.2 A Risk is the likelihood of a given loss occurring in defined circumstances.
4. Key Responsibilities. 4.1 All Line Managers must ensure that a full risk assessment of their work area is
conducted. Head Teachers must ensure a risk assessment process is in place and monitor its effectiveness.
4.2 All risk assessments must be communicated to all staff in the area assessed and
must be reviewed:
annually; where a significant change has been made to the building or process; where there is reason to believe that the risk assessment is no longer
valid; following an accident; and If necessary as a result of an inspection or audit.
5. Risk Assessment Process. 5.1 Identify the Hazards: The first step to a risk assessment is to identify anything
that could be expected to cause harm, this could be done by:
Walking around the work place identifying hazards Asking the staff – as they are involves with the activity every day Check through previous accident records to identify any accident black
spots
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5.2 Who can be harmed? For each hazard it needs to be clear who might be harmed; it will help identify the best way of managing the risk. That doesn’t mean listing everyone by name, but rather identifying groups of people (e.g. ‘people working in the storeroom’ or ‘passers-by’) although in some cases it might be necessary to identify individuals. In each case, identify how they might be harmed, i.e. what type of injury or ill health might occur. For example, ‘premises manager may suffer back injury from repeated lifting of boxes’.
5.3 Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions. Look at what you’re already
doing, think about what controls you have in place and how the work is organised. Then compare this with the relevant chapter in this manual and see if there’s more you should be doing to bring yourself up to standard. In asking yourself:
Can the hazard be removed altogether? If not, how can the risks be controlled so that harm is unlikely?
5.4 Record and implement the findings. Putting the results of the risk assessment
into practice will make a difference when looking after people and the school. Writing down the results of the risk assessment, and sharing them with staff, encourages this process. If there are quite a lot of improvements that could be made, big and small, don’t try to do everything at once. Make a plan of action to deal with the most important things first. Health and safety inspectors acknowledge the efforts of schools that are clearly trying to make improvements.
5.5 Review and update. New equipment, substances and procedures may be
introduced that could lead to new hazards. It is essential, therefore, to review what is being done on an ongoing basis. Every year or so formally review the risk assessment, to ensure that they are still appropriate, and to make sure you are still improving.
6. Completion of Risk Assessment form.
6.1 A standard form has been produced to assist in the risk assessment process, see below. This form should be used to ensure a standard approach in all schools.
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An example of a completed assessment form is also found below. Completion of the risk assessment form is as follows:
6.2 Description of task: Insert details of the task or area in which work is being
carried out that is being assessed and where it is taking place. For example, working in the general/reception office (not office work in general).
6.3 Location: Insert the location(school / other site), the name and position held of
the assessor. 6.4 Assessment details:
Insert a local reference Number for each assessment. The Planned Review Date should be no greater than 1 year from the
Date of Assessment and may be shorter if a high risk activity is being assessed. Where further control measures and an action plan are required the review date should be no later than the expected completion date of the last action.
The Task should be descriptive of the activity and unambiguous.# 6.5 Hazard: Insert details of all the hazards arising from the activity. These can be
identified in many ways some of which are:
Walk around the workplace and look at what could reasonably be expected to cause serious harm.
Consult Union or Staff Safety Representatives and all other employees in
the area being assessed who may be able to identify additional hazards that may not be obvious.
An example of a hazard that may be found in a general office environment
is a trailing cable. 6.6 Risk: Insert the risks arising from each hazard.
Consider what risks are associated with the hazard identified at 6.5
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Using the example at 6.5 the major risk from a trailing cable is tripping over it.
6.7 Individuals affected: Insert details of the people who may be harmed by the
hazards identified.
This will include staff, pupils, visitors, contractors, trainees, members of the public, volunteers, those who share your workplace, etc.
This may be a particular individual, who due to particular circumstances be
particularly at risk from the hazards associated with the task, which requires a specific assessment to be carried out for them. For example, somebody who has injured their back lifting objects.
6.8 Control measures already in place: Insert details of control measures in place to
reduce the risk. These are the day to day ways that the area is managed in order to ensure the continued safety of all those working and visiting the area.
Using the example at 6.5 control measures already in place could
be cable management within desks or a rubber cable strip placed on the floor.
Examples of some of the frequently encountered hazards, the risk
they present and the standard control measures are detailed from page 15.
6.9 Calculation of risk: The Risk Calculator on the reverse of the Risk Assessment
form should be used to ascertain the likelihood of the risks arising from the identified hazard being realised and the seriousness of any resulting injury. Insert these details.
Using the example at 6.5 the likelihood of anyone tripping over the
cable if the existing control measures are in place are “remote” to “improbable”. If there were no existing control measures in place then the likelihood of someone tripping over the cable is “possible” if there are only one or two people in the area and this could increase to “very likely” if the trailing cable was on a busy walkway. The seriousness of the injury could range from a “major injury” such
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as a broken arm to a “minor injury” such as a graze or sprain. The worst case should always be assumed.
6.10 Control measures required to reduce risk. If the existing control measures are
deemed adequate and the risk calculation is 3 or below then, proceed to 6.13.There is no need to provide any additional control measures but, control measures in place must be regularly monitored.
If the existing control measures are not deemed adequate, being
either not there or the risk calculation exceeds 3, additional measures need to be introduced.
When considering additional control measures the following
principles should be applied in the following order:
Elimination of the hazard – do we need to do the job at all? o Substitution of the hazard – can a less hazardous material
be used. For example the use of water based paints rather than oil based paints.
o Isolate the people from the hazard – put barriers between pedestrians and vehicles
o Control by engineering methods – place guards on rotating machinery (e.g. in a workshop)
o Control by administrative means – ensure policies are complied with, place signs to warn of hazards, etc.
o Issue Personal Protective Equipment – this should only be used as a last resort if all other measures fail to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. An example of PPE is the use of ear defenders to minimise the effects of noise or protective clothing to avoid splashes from chemicals.
6.11 Calculation of residual risk: The Risk Calculator on the reverse of the Risk
Assessment form should be used again to ascertain the likelihood of the risks arising from the identified hazard being realised and the seriousness of any resulting injury now that additional control measures have been identified. This process must be repeated until the residual risk is reduced to a value as low as practicable. A reading under 9 should always be aimed for.
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1.12 Action Plan.
Where additional control measures have been identified (paragraph
6.10) an action plan should be formulated showing what actions are required to implement the required additional control measures, who will implement these and by when.
Once additional actions have been completed the Date completed
box should be filled in with both the date and the signature of the person verifying that the actions are complete.
A review of the risk assessment should now be conducted with the
“new” control measures moved onto the Existing Control Measures section. This will ensure that the risk is reduced to the lowest practical level
6.8 Line Manager’s sign off
The line manager must check the risk assessment to ensure that all
significant hazards/risks have been recorded and annotate that they agree with each assessment.
The line manager must also state either that:-
o there are no outstanding actions
OR
o they will take follow up actions commensurate with the degree of risk involved and it should be stated on the form, precisely what actions have been set in hand
All assessments requiring further action are to be retained by the
line manager and kept under constant review. Additionally, on completion of the initial review of assessments, line managers are
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to ensure that all significant hazards associated with the work activity in their area have been identified and the risk assessment rose.
7. Communication of Risk Assessments.
7.1 Copies of completed risk assessments are to be made available to, and discussed
with, all employees engaged on the activities to which they relate. In particular, individuals are to be advised on:
the risks to their health and safety; the preventative and protective measures (i.e. control measures
identified in the risk assessment); and the risks created by others working in the immediate vicinity.
8. Further Advice and assistance. 8.1 Further information, advice and help is available from the Education Health and Safety Team on 020 8356 2278.
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Risk Assessment Form Description of task and specific area being assessed
Location AssessmentDetails
School Name of Assessor Position Held
Risk Assessment No. Date of Assessment Planned Review Date
Hazard Risk IndividualsAffected
ControlMeasuresalreadyinplace
Calculationofrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) Likelihood (B) Risk =AxB
ControlMeasuresrequiredtoreducerisk(ifotherthanminimalrisk)
Calculationofresidualrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) Likelihood (B) Risk =AxB
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ActionPlanAction Bywhom Bywhen Datecompleted/signature
Line Manager’s sign off
I agree with the risk assessment recorded above. There are no outstanding actions OR I have taken the following actions: (delete as necessary). Signed.........................................................Position...............................Date..........................
Risk calculator
Seriousness ( A ) Rating Likelihood ( B ) Rating
Fatality 5 Very likely 5
Major injury to several people 4 Likely 4
Major injury 3 Possible 3
Minor injury 2 Unlikely 2
Trivial injury 1 Very unlikely 1
Risk = Seriousness (A) x Likelihood (B)
Score Risk Action required
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1 to 3 4 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 25
Minimal Low Medium High
Control measures should be kept under review Control measures should be fine tuned to reduce risk further if possible Control measures should be improved within 2 weeks, consider an alternative lower risk activity Activity NOT to proceed until risks addressed. Seek immediate advice from LBH Head of Health and Safety
(Education)
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Risk Assessment Form Description of task and specific area being assessed
Work in the school admin/reception office
Location Assessment Details
School Junior High Name of Assessor Bill Smith Position Held School secretary
Risk Assessment No.JH 001 Date of Assessment 4 May 2008 Planned Review Date 30 June 2008
Hazard Risk Individuals Affected
a) Loose telephone cable b) Electric heater c) Heavy boxes of paper d) Violence from an irate parent e) Use of a computer f) Boxes on top of cupboards
Slips and trips Burns/electric shock Back strain from lifting Possible serious injury Strain to eyes and wrist Possible impact if they fell
Office staff x2 Occasionally a visitor to “sign
in"
ControlMeasuresalreadyinplacea) Cables covered by rubber strip b) Heater kept out of the way of furniture and away from staff. Has regular PAT tests c) Stored on the bottom shelf of cupboard. Photocopy paper always removed a packet at a timed) Security glass screen installed. Visitors not allowed access to office unless known e) None f) Tidied up as often as possible. Only light items stored at height. Steps used for access.
Calculationofrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) 2 Likelihood (B) 4 Risk =AxB 8
ControlMeasuresrequiredtoreducerisk(ifotherthanminimalrisk)e) DSE assessments to be carried out as soon as possiblef) Efforts to be made to obtain more storage. Look to see if any “old but needed” material can be stored out of the office.
Calculationofresidualrisk(useriskcalculatoroverleaf)Seriousness (A) 2 Likelihood (B) 1 Risk =AxB 2
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ActionPlan
Action By whom By when Date
completed/signature
e) DSE self assessments to be carried out to identify if any further work is required f) Document review to take place
Office staff
Deputy Head teacher
10 May 08
End of June 2008
Line Manager’s sign off
I agree with the risk assessment recorded above. There are no outstanding actions OR I have taken the following actions: (delete as necessary). Arranged for TLT H&S Officer to attend to assist DSE assessment. Tasked the Deputy Head teacher to review storage and archive of documentation. Signed: Gill Peters Position: Head teacher Date: 6 May 2008
Risk calculator
Seriousness ( A ) Rating Likelihood ( B ) Rating
Fatality 5 Very likely 5
Major injury to several people 4 Likely 4
Major injury 3 Possible 3
Minor injury 2 Unlikely 2
Trivial injury 1 Very unlikely 1
Risk = Seriousness (A) x Likelihood (B)
Score Risk Action required
1 to 3 4 to 8 9 to 12 13 to 25
Minimal Low Medium High
Control measures should be kept under review Control measures should be fine tuned to reduce risk further if possible Control measures should be improved within 2 weeks, consider an alternative lower risk activity Activity NOT to proceed until risks addressed. Seek immediate advice from LBH Head of Health and Safety (Education)
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Hazards, risks and control measures Playgrounds
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Litter, glass Cuts,
possible infection
Pupils Daily inspection of playground Litter picking carried out as required
Used needles
HIV, Hep B etc.
Pupils Staff
Daily Inspection of playground Safe litter-picking procedures involving use of
personal protective clothing – only carried out by PM
Safe disposal of material collected Animal faeces
Infection Pupils primarily
Prevent dog walking on site so far as is reasonably practicable
Signage prohibiting dog walking on site Safe clearing procedures involving use of personal
protective clothing only carried out by PM Safe disposal of collected waste
Poisonous or thorny plants
Poisoning, skin irritation, scratches
Pupils primarily
Consideration of safety when selecting plants with reference to position of planting and age of children on site etc.
Inspection of areas for unsuitable plants and weeds
Grounds maintenance procedures Hard surfaces
Falling Scratches, bruises, cuts, etc
Pupils primarily
Consideration of surface type with respect to age of children and use of play area
Suitable play surfaces installed around play equipment in accordance with British Standards
Daily inspection of playground Defective ground surface
Trips, bruises, cuts, etc.
Pupils primarily
Regular inspection of area Reporting procedure for any defects Making good of surface damage or covering with,
for example, planters, benches, etc Prompt remedial action
Trespassers, uninvited members of the public
Abduction, assault, harassment
Pupils Staff Cleaners
Signage regarding trespassing Well maintained, unbreached fencing (no holes or
damage), regularly inspected Adequate supervision when children are at play
Playground equipment
Personal injury, falls, cuts, fractures
Pupils primarily
Inspection of sports/play equipment prior to use Annual inspection by a competent person at least
annually Regular maintenance of equipment Security to prevent vandalism of equipment Adequate supervision of pupils
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Corridors Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring
Slips, trips, falls
Pupils Staff Visitors Cleaners Contractors
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects discovered
Items stored in corridor
Trips, falls, obstruction to fire escape route, fire spread
ditto Good housekeeping procedures Regular inspection Ensure bags and coats are not blocking
corridors Identify designated storage areas elsewhere
in the building Removal where surplus to requirement Items not to be stored on top of cupboards
due to: o increase in ability of a fire to spread o likelihood of boxes falling from
cupboard onto individual below Spilt liquids Wet floors on rainy days
Slips, falls ditto Reporting procedure for identified spillages with prompt action to clean up
Safe procedures for cleaning up including Universal Precautions for body fluids and referral to Safety Data Sheet for hazardous chemicals
Trailing cables etc.
Trips, falls ditto Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a
semi-permanent fix and present a trip hazard
Cleaners to ensure closest socket outlet to be used when using electrical appliances
Defective fire doors
Compromised escape route
ditto Fire doors to be fitted with self closure device Fire doors not to be propped open unless by
magnetic holder with release linked to fire detection system
Regular maintenance check to ensure minimal gap between leaves etc
Hot radiators/heaters
Burns ditto Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present
Radiator covers where this isn’t practicable Open or broken windows
Falls, cuts, impact injury
ditto Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor
Risk assessment for glazing in doors and door panels considering location and height
.
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Car parks
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Impact with vehicle, building or pedestrian
Death or major injury to pedestrian, damage to building or other vehicle
Staff Pupils Visitors
Separate pedestrian and vehicle routes with physical segregation such as barriers
Designated crossing points located at safe places with appropriate signs and markings
Adequate lighting of routes Pedestrian doors opening onto vehicular routes to
have barrier to protect persons exiting Limit number of cars on site Ensure clear marking of parking bays/slots
Reversing vehicles
Death or major injury to pedestrian, Damage or building or other vehicle
Staff Pupils Visitors
Minimise vehicles allowed onto site, particularly during start and end of day
Use one-way system for vehicles where possible Physical protection around vulnerable areas of
buildings e.g. Bollards or barriers Adequate lighting of car parks Keep pupils clear of car parks
Speeding vehicles
Death or major injury to pedestrian, traffic accident, damage to building or other vehicle
Staff Pupils Visitors
Speed limit on site with clear signs and markings displayed
Communication of speed limit to staff and visitors Separate pedestrian and vehicle routes with physical
segregation
Use of car parks/parking areas for contractors
Death or major injury to pedestrian, traffic accident, damage to building or other vehicle
Staff Pupils Visitors
Ensure adequate segregation between vehicles and pedestrians
Ensure pedestrian use of area is covered in method statements
Ensure training given to staff, pupils and contractors
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Kitchens
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Storage of Hazardous Chemicals
Spillage of hazardous chemicals Misuse of chemicals.
Staff COSHH assessment undertaken for chemicals Cleaning compounds stored in lockable store
away from any food source Cleaning undertaken when catering is not in
progress Use of Hazardous Chemicals
Dermatitis to hands. Chemical burn to skin/eyes. Inhalation of toxic fumes
Cleaner Kitchen staff
COSHH assessment undertaken for chemicals Use restricted to competent staff Suitable personal protective Equipment used
e.g. gloves, goggles, non-permeable apron, etc.
Staff receive training in COSHH assessment
Hot surfaces/liquids
Fat burns to hands and arms Steam scalds
Kitchen staff Avoid carrying hot liquids and materials if there is a risk of spillage
Ensure gloves are used when handling hot pans
Implement safe system of work for the cleaning and draining of fat fryers, combo ovens, etc.
Ensure staff are trained in the correct use of kitchen equipment
Manual Handling
Musculo-skeletal injury
Kitchen staff Limit use of large pots and pans Undertake manual handling assessment for
kitchen Ensure staff training in manual handling
techniques Avoid lifting items that are too heavy Seek assistance from colleagues
Retrieval of items from store rooms
Falls from height
Kitchen staff Provision of step ladder Ensure staff use mechanical aids Training of staff in correct procedure Heavy items stored at waist height Frequently used items stored at most
accessible location Floor surfaces kept free from obstruction and
clean General movement around the kitchen/store rooms
Trips
Delivery staff Kitchen staff
Use of sensible non slip footwear
Slips Kitchen staff Delivery staff
Use of sensible non slip footwear Ensure spillage’s are cleared up immediately Ensure cleaning signs are used and located in
prominent places All floor surfaces kept clean and free from build
up of, for example, grease Cleaning undertaken when catering is not in
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Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures progress
Electrical and Gas installation
Fire Explosion
Regular User visual inspection of gas and electrical appliances
Maintenance of gas appliances by “Gas Safe” registered engineer annually
Electrical Installation inspected by a competent electrician every 5 years
Use of electrical goods in the kitchen
Electric Shock
Kitchen staff Regular User visual inspection of electrical appliances
All electrical items are PAT tested. Avoid use of extension leads Only use specially designed electrical
equipment near water sources. Use of RCDs where practical
Use of hand tools (knives)
Cuts to fingers and hands
Kitchen staff Ensure knives are not left lying around or left in washing up water
Ensure training of staff Ensure storage of knives in suitable racks or
sheaths Use of Machinery
Entanglement in dough mixer Amputation of fingers from food slicer
Kitchen staff Prevent the use of dangerous pieces of machinery by young persons and unauthorised users
Provide appropriate training to operatives of machinery
Conduct a specific risk assessment for the use of dangerous machinery
Ensure fixed guard to food slicer is in place at all times.
Ensure loose clothing is removed prior to commencing work. And clothing is not near moving parts of machinery
Ventilation Accidents
due to dizziness and fainting
Kitchen staff Extraction canopy provided over hobs Openable windows (with appropriate fly
screens etc.) Ensure provision of cold drinks and
appropriate rest breaks for staff Maintenance of extraction equipment to
ensure adequate air changes and adequate movement of air
Penetrations to wall, ceiling or floor
Rodent infestation
Whole school
Ensure that regular inspection identifies any penetrations
Ensure immediate remedial action to make good
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Dining areas Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring
Slips, trips, falls
Staff Pupils
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects Spilt food and liquids
Slips, falls Staff Pupils
Regular cleaning of floors Prompt clearing up of spillages
General food debris after lunchtime
Slips, falls Staff Pupils Visitors
Ensure staff clear and sweep/wash the area immediately after last sitting
Obstacles Trips, falls Staff Pupils
Walkways to be kept clear of bags etc Adequate space allowed between tables for
access Defective furniture
Personal injury e.g. falls, grazes, bruises, fractures
Staff Pupils
Regular inspection routine with prompt remedial action
Staff trained
Hot foods and liquids
Scalds, burns
Staff Pupils
Trays provided Adequate supervision for age of pupils
Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Staff Pupils
Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection
Fixed Installation testing No trailing cables
Broken glass/crockery
Cuts Staff Pupils
Plastic items preferred Breakages cleared up promptly by staff Chipped or damaged items discarded safely
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Classrooms Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring
Slips, trips, falls
Pupils Staff
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects Liquid spillages Slips, falls Pupils
Staff Supervision in use of liquids in class Immediate cleaning up of spillages
Trailing electrical cables
Trips, falls Pupils Staff
Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip
hazard Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Pupils Staff
Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection
Fixed Installation testing Hot radiators or heaters
Burns Pupils primarily
Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present
Consider guarding
Open windows Falls Pupils primarily
Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor
Inward opening windows to be suitably guarded to prevent impact
Doors Trapped fingers
Pupils primarily
Consider installation of door guards Provide adequate supervision particularly at
busy times (start and end of sessions) Storage Trips, falls,
impact damage
Pupils Staff
Items not to be stored on top of cupboards due to:
o increase in ability of a fire to spread o likelihood of boxes falling from
cupboard onto individual below Items not to be stored in circulation routes Fire exits to be kept clear at all times
Furniture Trips, falls, possible infection
Pupils primarily
Ensure clear circulation routes to avoid possible collision with furniture
Regular maintenance checks to ensure furniture of sound construction
Ensure surfaces of desks are clean Violent and disruptive pupils
Personal injury
Pupils Staff
Ensure suitable procedure is in place for dealing with disruptive behaviour
Ensure suitable procedure is in place for physical restraint of children (last resort)
Ensure constant supervision Violent parents Personal
injury Staff primarily
Ensure effective contact with other nearby staff/ headteacher is available
Ensure staff have been suitably trained
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Lunch/break time activities Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Falls from climbing apparatus
Major injury e.g. fractures
Pupils Restrict numbers on apparatus at any one time Consider segregating age groups Maintain safety surfacing below apparatus Supervision of use required at all times Apparatus not to be used when wet and
slippery Children to wear appropriate footwear
Play items (e.g. Skipping ropes, footballs etc)
Minor injury e.g. grazes, bruises, cuts
Pupils Ensure items are used only for their intended purpose e.g. in the case of a skipping rope for skipping, not to tie people up
Games to be played in appropriate location to prevent injury to those involved and others e.g. where sufficient space and suitable surfacing
Children leaving site
Injury, abduction
Pupils Maintained, unbreached fencing (no holes or gaps)
Gates closed Parental consent obtained for children who
need to go home for lunch Adequate supervision in the vicinity of any
gates Bullying Stress,
physical injury
Pupils Ensure an anti-bullying policy is in place Adult supervisors should be familiar with the
policy Training for supervisors in identification and
prevention of bullying Fighting Minor injury,
possibly major injury
Pupils Supervisors aware of school rules on appropriate behaviour
Supervisors trained in how to deal with this type of situation
Rough games ditto Pupils Prohibit inappropriate games from the school Unsupervised contact with adults
Abduction, assault, child protection issues
Pupils Points of access onto the site for visitors minimised with clearly signed routes to the reception
Avoid children playing in areas out of sight of supervisors
Steps and steep slopes
Slips, trips, falls
Pupils Staff
Areas of site identified as higher risk made “out of bounds”
Supervision levels appropriate for the layout of the site and the play areas
Games not to be played on steps Ensure theses areas are gritted in the winter
when ice and snow No running
Inadequate response to
More serious injury
Pupils Staff
Adequate numbers of supervision to account for emergency situations
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 25 of 38
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures accidents
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 26 of 38
Halls Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring
Slips, trips, falls
Staff Pupils Visitors
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects Under stage storage area
Injury, dust, fire
Staff Pupils
Pupils not permitted to access this area No flammable liquids or gases to be stored
under stage Raised stage area
Falls Staff Pupils
No unsupervised access by pupils onto stage Regular inspection of stage for condition and
stability Temporary “self-build” staging
Slips, trips, falls
Staff Pupils
Ensure staging is built by a competent person Ensure stability is tested prior to each use Ensure suitable steps up to the staging are
provided Ensure where a covering is used that it is
suitably secured with no loose edges etc. Use of gym equipment
Slips, trips, falls
Pupils primarily
Ensure teacher supervising activity is qualified Ensure effective supervision of pupils Ensure equipment visually inspected prior to
use Ensure regular maintenance of equipment (at
least annually) Consider specific risk assessment for each
activity Storage of gym equipment
Trips, falls Pupils Staff Visitors
Ensure suitable storage Where equipment needs to be stored within the
hall ensure properly secured to prevent overturning
Trailing electrical cables
Trips, falls Staff Pupils Visitors
Avoid use of extension leads
Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Staff Pupils
Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip
hazard Portable appliance testing and regular visual
inspection Fixed Installation testing
Hot radiators or heaters
Burns Pupils primarily
Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present
Establish safe limit for maximum number of people to be allowed in the hall
Large number of people congregated
Insufficent escape, crushing
Staff Pupils Visitors
Layout of seating to allow space for escape Ensure suitable procedure for evacuatiuon
established and communicated to all staff present
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 27 of 38
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Open windows Falls Pupils
primarily Ensure announcement regarding fire escape
routes, sounders, etc. made prior to performance
Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor
Windows opening into area to be guarded to prevent impact
Care taking duties (general) For “caretaker” read Premises Manager, Site Controller, etc
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Responding to intruder alarm holiday periods / out of hours
Accident, injury, Assault, delayed assistance in emergency
Caretaker Carry mobile phone to call for help Before entering the grounds, notify someone
of the situation, and the intention to investigate.
Make regular calls to those notified above to update them as to the situation.
If a break-in has occurred, do not attempt to enter the premises until the police arrive
If confronted by intruder(s) before the police arrive, do not attempt to tackle or restrain them.
Restraining of intruders should be left to the police who are trained in dealing with such situations
General lifting and carrying
Back injuries, sprain, strains
Caretaker
Specific Manual handling assessment to be carried out for all tasks involving lifting or carrying and the identified control measures implemented
Training given in correct lifting techniques. Minimise manual handling Appropriate footwear worn Mechanical lifting aids available (trolleys
etc.) Improve workplace layout. Store heavy items at waist level
Cleaning using equipment
Back injuries, sprains, strains
Caretaker
Specific training given in correct procedure for use of such equipment
Manual Handling Assessment carried out for use of floor buffer etc.
Health and Safety Manual
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Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Use of hand tools (drills, wood cutting equipment, hedge cutters, strimmers, etc.)
Cuts, amputation
Caretaker and those in the vicinity
Equipment subject to regular maintenance (PAT where appropriate)
Avoid nuisance from fumes where petrol driven devices used
Establish safe working area where debris may be released (strimming, hedge trimming, etc.)
Ensure guards fitted where required Only use equipment for the purpose
intended PPE supplied and used where appropriate Equipment visually inspected prior to use
Use of electrical equipment
Electrical shock Burns
Caretaker
Annual, regular electrical test (PAT) Ensure all connections are properly fixed. Visual inspection pre-use A residual current device should be used in
higher risk situations, e.g., equipment used outside or in wet conditions, and for equipment where there is a risk of cables being severed
Cleaning / using chemicals
Dermatitis, chemical burns to skin/eyes, inhalation of toxic fumes
Caretaker and those in the vicinity
Less hazardous chemicals used wherever possible.
Material Safety Data Sheet for substances obtained from supplier and guidance followed.
COSHH Assessment completed for all hazardous chemicals and control measures implemented.
Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (eg. gloves, goggles etc.) provided and worn where identified in COSHH assessment.
Restrict access by others when hazardous substances in use. Activities undertaken outside of school hours where possible.
Immediate cleaning up of any spillage Repair / maintenance
Release of asbestos fibres
Caretaker Whole school
Check Site asbestos register for location of asbestos containing material.
Do not undertake any works until guidance in Asbestos Register is consulted.
If in any doubt as to the presence of asbestos seek professional assistance
Permission to work to be completed for any work on fabric of the building.
Health and Safety Manual
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Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Lone working – locking / unlocking building
Accident, injury, Assault, delayed assistance in emergency
Caretaker Ensure there is adequate lighting If possible follow different procedure daily Building locked down as soon as possible at
end of school day. Controlled access to building e.g. through
coded doors etc. On site security system Use of visitor badges / signing in book Challenging unknown visitors where safe to
do so. Key holders should be strictly controlled and
numbers kept to a minimum. Access to phone/mobile to call for help Post incident support
Lone working - working in school alone in isolated locations
Accident, injury, delayed assistance in emergency
Caretaker Only agreed tasks to be undertaken, Avoid high risk activities (e.g. working at height);
Mobile phone carried Notify staff on site of location / estimated
duration of task if working on site remote from others.
Reduce time spent working alone so far as is reasonably practicable
Notify manager of start time and when finished
Libraries
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips, trips,
falls Staff Pupils
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects discovered Falling objects Injury Staff
Pupils Secure bookshelves to wall where possible
or lock together Shelves not overloaded Storage to be organised with heavier items
at lower levels Reaching high shelves
Falls, strains Pupils primarily
Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves
Store heavy items on lower levels Trailing electrical cables
Trips, falls Staff Pupils
Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Cable covers
Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Staff Pupils
Portable appliance testing Fixed Installation testing
Radiators
Burns Pupils primarily
Low surface temperature radiators where young or special needs children are present
Health and Safety Manual
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Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Consider the use of guards
Windows Falls Pupils primarily
Opening limiters fitted to windows above ground floor
Windows opening into area to be suitably guarded to prevent impact
Staff room
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Personal injury Staff
Visitors Floor inspection and defect reporting
procedure with prompt remedial action Good housekeeping Objects stored safely, walkways kept clear Immediate cleaning up of spillages
Hot water Scalds, burns Staff Visitors
Kettles and boilers placed in a safe position to minimise potential for burns and scalds
Poor hygiene Illness, infection
Staff Visitors
Fridges to be regularly cleaned and defrosted
Out of date food removed Electrical equipment (kettles, boilers etc)
Electrocution Staff Visitors
Portable appliances to be electrically tested (PAT) and visually inspected prior to use
Fixed wiring to be tested
Defective furniture or equipment
Personal injury Staff Visitors
Furniture and equipment to be maintained in good condition
Reporting procedure for identified defective items with prompt removal or remedial action
Store rooms
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Hazardous substances
Ill Health Staff Hazardous substances to be stored according to guidance in COSHH assessment and/or Material Safety Data Sheet provided by supplier
Substances to be in original container with clear labels and hazard warnings – no decanting
Store to be locked except when in use Flammable substances
Fire, explosion Staff Whole school
Flammable substances to be stored in a purpose-made, lockable fire-resisting cabinet, labelled with hazard warnings, preferably outside
Minimise amount stored and used and where stored internally only the amount for the job in hand to be stored. Bulk storage to be externally.
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 31 of 38
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Lids to be kept on containers No smoking or other sources of ignition
permitted in areas where flammable vapours may be present
Dispose of flammable waste including contaminated cloths etc. safely
Falling objects Injury Staff Secure shelving provided Shelves not overloaded Storage to be organised with heavy objects
at lower levels Reaching high shelves
Falls, strains Staff Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves
Store frequently used items at easily accessible locations
Store heavy items on lower levels, preferably at about waist height to reduce risk of manual handling injuries
Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Staff Portable appliance testing and regular visual inspection
Fixed Installation testing
Admin office
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips, trips,
falls Staff Visitors
Regular inspection of flooring by Premises Manager
Prompt maintenance of defects discovered Falling objects Injury Staff
Secure cupboards to wall where possible Do not overload shelves Storage to be organised with heavier items
at lower levels Only store sufficient consumables for
immediate (next 5 days) use Reaching high shelves
Falls, strains Staff Appropriate steps, kickstools etc. provided to reach high shelves
Store heavy items on lower levels Trailing electrical cables
Trips, falls Staff Visitors
Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Cable covers
Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Staff
Portable appliance testing Fixed Installation testing
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 32 of 38
Use of computer terminal
RSI Staff Carry out DSE self assessment Arrange implementation of items identified in
risk assessment Ensure sufficient breaks are taken away
from the keyboard/mouse Fire egress Death Staff
Visitors Ensure fire exits are kept clear at all times Ensure staff familiar with fire exit routes Where staff have a specific role in fire
evacuation ensure that they are fully trained Security Serious injury Staff Ensure segregation between visitors and
staff by provision of, for example, a security screen
nly allow access to the office/school area once identity of visitor established
Art design and craft room
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Paints, inks etc. Harm to health Pupils
primarily Only low hazard paints and inks used
Inhalation of dusts including pottery glazes
Harm to health Pupils Staff
If working with clay/pottery, avoidance of spillages
Spilt clay slip not allowed to dry out, ie dry dust avoided
Controlled allocation of small quantities of glaze materials and use of leadless glazes.
Sharp blades Cuts Pupils primarily
Safety blades used where possible Controlled storage and allocation of craft
knives etc Electricity
Electric shock Pupils Staff
Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing')
Residual current circuit breakers cover the workroom
Fail-safe interlock or trapped key device cuts power on opening kiln
Hot kiln Burns Pupils Staff
Kiln used only under teaching supervision Protective gloves for handling hot items If in workroom, kiln is caged
Fume inhalation (kiln)
Harm to health Pupils Staff
Kiln room has effective extract ventilation
Damaged asbestos in kiln
Asbestosis Pupils Staff
If damaged, prompt attention required by competent licensed asbestos contractors
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 33 of 38
Domestic science/cookery classroom
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Hot surfaces liquids
Burns, scalds Pupils Staff
Adequate supervision and safe working procedures in place
Sharp equipment
Cuts Pupils primarily
Controlled storage and use of knives
Gas Fire, explosion Pupils Staff
Gas equipment is under planned maintenance
A separate fire risk assessment is done Machinery
Injury Pupils primarily
Guards fitted and interlocks fully operative on any mixers, blenders etc or restricted use
Slippery floors Slips and trips Pupils Staff
No obstacles in walkways and regular cleaning of floors
Non-slip floor surfaces Electricity
Electric shock Pupils Staff
Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing)
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 34 of 38
Biology laboratory
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Glassware Cuts Pupils
Staff Controlled storage and allocation of
glassware Supervision appropriate to level of student
ability Breakages cleaned up promptly by staff
member Electrical equipment
Electric shock Pupils Staff
Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing')
Gas Bunsen burners
Burns, fire Pupils primarily
Supervision appropriate to the level of student ability
Chemicals hazardous to health
Injury to health Pupils Staff
Standard laboratory procedures in place and communicated to all at risk
Fume cabinets receive 14-monthly thorough examination and test as well as periodic in-house checks
Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other PPE as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments
Contact with animals and waste
Bites, Asthma, Infection
Pupils Staff
Application of CLEAPSS science risk assessments and guidance for procedures/experiments
No playing with animals, no unnecessary contact, controlled and supervised handling of animals
Cleaning procedures to minimise airborne dusts, accumulation of animal waste
Micro-organisms
Infection Pupils Staff
Standard laboratory procedures in place and communicated to all at risk
Fume cabinets receive 14-monthly thorough examination and test as well as periodic in-house checks
Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other PPE as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments
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Chemistry/physics laboratory
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Glassware Cuts Pupils
Staff Controlled storage and allocation of
glassware Supervision appropriate to level of student
ability Breakages cleaned up promptly by staff
member Electrical equipment
Electric shock Pupils Staff
Electrical equipment is subject to regular safety inspection and test ('PAT testing')
Gas Bunsen burners
Burns, fire Pupils primarily
Supervision appropriate to the level of student ability
Chemicals hazardous to health
Injury to health Pupils Staff
Standard laboratory procedures in place and communicated to all at risk
Fume cabinets receive 14-monthly thorough examination and test as well as periodic in-house checks
Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other PPE as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments
Flammable or explosive chemicals
Fire, explosion Pupils Staff
Application of CLEAPSS science risk assessments and guidance for procedures / experiments
Flammable liquids stored in purpose-built cabinet which is normally locked and is hazard-marked.
Students equipped with safety eyewear (appropriate to the type of risk: impact, dust or chemicals) and other Personal Protective Equipment as indicated by CLEAPSS assessments
Fume cabinets receive 14-monthly thorough examination and test as well as periodic in-house checks
Engineering workshop
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Rotating parts
Entanglement Pupils primarily
Stop/start controls fully operative and adjustable guards to chucks of fixed machines eg. pillar drills
Contact
Injury by moving parts
Pupils primarily
All machines have lockable isolators and are locked off and only used by authorised trained persons
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 36 of 38
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Trailing cables
Tripping, damage to cable
Pupils Staff
Avoidance of trailing cables Preventative maintenance and periodic
electrical safety testing procedures in place Sharp swarf Cuts Pupils
Staff Hand protection Frequent cleaning and control of swarf in
containers Flying fragments
Eye injury Pupils Staff
Eye protection to be worn Screens to protect passers-by
Dust
Inhalation Pupils Staff
Dust extraction, where possible, otherwise, suitable respiratory protective equipment
Enclose work area and ventilate Grinding wheel bursting
Flying fragments
Pupils Staff
Wheels substantially enclosed by side and rim guards
Eye shields in place Only trained staff members mount wheels
Tool catching in wheel
Injury by moving parts
Pupils primarily
Tool rests adjusted close to wheels
Electricity
Electric shock Readily accessible emergency stops and other controls
Earth leakage circuit breakers for all machinery
Sharp hand tools
Cuts Pupils primarily
Tool storage controlled and tools allocated under supervision
Health and Safety Manual
Health and Safety Manual Chapter 2 ( Risk Assessment ) V 1.0 Issued 13th August 2012 UNCONTROLLED IF PRINTED Page 37 of 38
Gymnasium
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Defective flooring Slips Trips
Falls Pupils Staff
Inspection of flooring Prompt maintenance of defects
Broken glazing Cuts Pupils Staff
Risk assessment for glazing in doors, door panels and windows, considering the location, height of glazing and type of activities carried out nearby
Impact resistant toughened glass or glazing protection provided where risk assessment indicates that it is required
Sports equipment storage area
Injury, dust, fire
Pupils Staff Visitors
Equipment safely stacked Regular inspection of area Good housekeeping, area kept clean and
tidy Misuse of sports equipment
Injury Pupils primarily
Adequate supervision by trained authorised staff
Induction for users in correct method of use Secured against unauthorised access First aid trained staff to deal with injuries
Defective sports equipment
Injury Pupils Staff
Planned inspection and maintenance routine with testing where appropriate for type of equipment
Defective items removed from area or locked away where possible or marked clearly to indicate they should not be used
Health and Safety Manual
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ICT suite
Hazard Risk Who? Standard control measures Unsuitable screen or set-up
Eye strain, headaches, muscular skeletal disorders
Pupils Staff
Screen to be adjustable for height, angle, contrast, brightness etc.
Workstation layout to be in accordance with guidance in TLT Health and Safety Policies and Guidelines manual
Defective flooring Slips Trips Falls
Pupils Staff Visitors
Inspection of flooring Prompt maintenance of defects
Trailing electrical cables
Trips, Falls Pupils Staff Visitors
Avoid use of extension leads Ensure sufficient sockets Use of cable covers where cables are a trip
hazard Electrical equipment & sockets
Electrocution Pupils Staff
Portable appliance testing Visual inspection for computer equipment
which cannot be electrically tested Fixed Installation testing
Unsuitable seating
Muscular skeletal disorders
Pupils Staff
Ensure seating is adjustable with proper backrest where used for significant periods of time
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