chapter 1 new media technology: an industry overview

Chapter 1

New Media Technology:An Industry Overview

New Media Technology

New Ways to Communicate

Project Candide

Tony Padovano

Journalist

Drew Fellman

Photographer

Mike Bettison

Producer

Robert Thomas

Producer

Christine McKenna

Journalist

Conceptual Map of New Media Technology

Production

Distribution

Display

Production TechnologyGather and Process Information

Computer

Digital Camera

Optical Scanner

Remote sensing devices, etc.

Distribution TechnologiesTransmission and Movement of Electronic Data

Radio, Citizen Band (CB), Mobile Radio

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), ISDN,

ADSL

Coaxial Cable

Satellite

Wireless transmission

Electrical Power Lines

Display devicesPresent Electronic Information Data to End Users

audio

video

text data

convergent devices By Nokia, the Mediascreen utilizes digital Television (DVB-T), Internet and Mobile Phone technology

Storage technologiesDevices Used to House Electronic Information Data

Floppy Magnetic DisketteCompact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-

ROM)CD-IDigital Video Disk (DVD) Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), etc.

Are There Consequences for the Development of New Media Technologies?

Communication Professionals

Nature of the product or content

Structure of Communication Industries

Nature of media audience/society at large

Transformation of Technology

1400s Movable Type/Typewriter

1565 Pencil

1835-1837Camera/Movie Camera

1929 Television

1945 Magnetic Tape Recorder

Transformation of Technology

1835-Photographic Negative on Paper

In Britain, Talbot made the earliest known surviving photographic negative on paper in the late summer of 1835, a small photogenic drawing of the oriel window in the south gallery of his home, Lacock Abbey: this rare item is now in the photographic collection of the Science Museum at the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television at Bradford.

William Henry Fox Talbot

1800-1877

Transformation of Technology

1826-Photograph

In 1826 the first photographa by camera obscura in the world was taken by a man named Joseph Nicephore Niepce, at his home in France. Heliography was the process he used, and the image is a view of the rooftops outside the artist's workroom window. The photo is a part of the Gernsheim Collection. Image discovered by Helmut Gernsheim (photo-historian) in 1952. (Harry Ransom Center, Unv. Of Texas, Austin )

Joseph Nicéphore Niepce 1765-1833

Transformation of Technology

First Camera

Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre (1789 -1851)

Made his first Daguerreotype in 1837 using a polished silver-plated copper plate, sensitised with vapourised iodine and developed with the fumes of mercury and later was able to mass produce a camera box to take daguerreotype photos.

Main Users of New Media Technologies

Communication Professionals Newspaper, Radio, Television, & Cyber Journalist Public Relations Advertisers Administrative & Media Personnel, etc.

Newsroom Developments Greater Access to Data Improved Efficiency Speed

New Demands Due to New Media Technologies

New Staffing

Additional Training for Current Staff

Additional Staff - More Technical

Work

Clear Examination of EthicsCaution: Graphics/Manipulation/Recreation

Technology Critics Interject Caution - Toward the Growth of New Media Technologies

Will written & verbal literacy be affected?

What Happens to Photo-realism?

New Digital Editors

Availability of News/Loosing Penny Press

Decentralized Communication Workers

New Media Technology Constituents

Audience Social Environments Intellectual Environments “Emoticons”

Changing Players (i.e. Owners) International Multimedia Stealth Monopolies

What’s at Stake with the Development of New Media Technologies

MoneyControlEconomic Forces (growth/strength)

Industry Overview of New Media Technologies

Revenues are UpElectronic Information, Data Processing, Network Servicing

Users/Subscribers are UpCellular Phones, Fiber Optics, Wireless Communication

Employment in Sector is UpEstimates top 5 million for 1996

Distribution and Projections

Chapter 4

The Technology

New Media Technology Map

The Creation MachinesComputerElectronic Information Processing Technologies(NT, WebTV, PC, Workstations, mainframes, mini- &

supercomputers, etc.)What’s so special about computers

Photographic and Sensing DevicesDigital Camera,camcorder, satellites, remote sensing devices, etc.Why are these devices important

New Media Technology Map

New Transmission SystemsNIIOver-air-transmissionSwitched communicationCoaxial and fiber optical cablePower lines

Name specific companies that either maintain or use the above for

On-ramps to the Information Superhighway Access and Display

PDA Pocket notebook/Organizers/Address

books/record keepers, etc.Displays

LCD, LED, Diamond-CoatedHigh-definition TelevisionInteractive TV

On-ramps to the Information Superhighway Access and Display

Full Service Network (FSN) Video on Demand/Shopping on-line

Interactive TV Playing TV game shows while the are on

(i.e. Playing jeopardy while Jeopardy! Is on.)

Tele-TVVR

Optical Revolution: Improved storage capabilities

CD-ROMDVDLasercardVCR

Chapter 2

The Internet: Today’s Information Superhighway

Information Superhighway

Interconnected Networks some 100,000

Use a common language or protocol• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocols

Origins of the Internet Department of Defense’s Advanced

Research Projects Agency (ARPAnet) Developments- that helped MIT

Digitalization, Packet-switching and TCP/IP

Information Superhighway

IntranetWorld Wide Web (WWW)HTML PrimerBrowser Wars

Mosaic, Netscape, and Beyond(NCSA)Jim Clark & Marc Andereessen

JavaJames Gosling

Information Superhighway cont’d

CookiesSearch engines

Yahoo, Webcrawler, excite, infoseek, lycos

New media content Radio TV Newspaper Streaming

VDOlive, Vivio, Xing, M-Bone, CU-SeeMe, QuicktimeTV and Quicktime-

Chapter 5

Convergence Technology

From Convergence to the Information Superhighway

Convergence all electronic mediated communication

in digital form, driven by computers, accessed by network technology.

Compression the process of condensing large

amounts of data by removing redundant information in one digital/video frame to the next.

From Convergence to the Information Superhighway

DigitalizationHypertext - non-linear text

Term coined by Ted Nelson in 1962.Interactivity

Reciprocal influenceCyberspace

Term coined by William Gibson in 1984

From Convergence to the Information Superhighway

What is the information superhighway?Most exciting application of computing

technology AI - Artificial Intelligence

Virus - self replicating computer organism

Name some commercial application on the WWW.

From Convergence…Five Killer Application

Video-on-demand ASDL 1894 Pay-broadcast-Electrophone Company of London

Home shoppingVideo gamesProgrammingDirect-response advertising

Information Superhighwayconverging media...

Electronic Mail 1992 reached White house 1994 who typed in “Let’s get started.” from

the White HouseElectronic Bulletin BoardsMult-user Domains (MUDs)

Multi-User Dungeons-at least two participants playon-line games

The Race for Content

Chapter 6

Masters of the Universe

Global Players

Media CompaniesTelecommunication companiesComputer and electronic companiesNew Media Technology companies

The Big Investors

RBOCsNII

Computing & Information appliances Communication networks Information and computing resources Skilled, well-trained people

Media Producers

Electronic Arts, Inc./Broderbund Software, Inc.

Acclaim EntertainmentSoftware Toolworks

Support Cast

IBMAppleMicroSoft

Rising Stars

TCI Tele-TVAmeritech, BellSouth, GTE, and SBC

Entrepreneurial Spirit

Walt DisneyTed TurnerRupert MurdochAnd others see book p177

From Cave Paintings to the Information Superhighway

PrintRadioTelevisionSatellitesComputer revolutionBugs in the machineTransistor and a revolution in

computing

From Cave Paintings to the Information Superhighway

Creating a sexy robotRailwayMexican revolutionLost in cyberspaceNew ways of writing and reporting

Chapter 7

Rewriting the Editorial and Creative Process

Rewriting: Creative and Editorial Process in Cyberspace

HypertextMultimedia CommunicationInteractiveMulti-user NetworksConcepts of Finality

Rewriting: Creative and Editorial Process in Cyberspace

Design in a new media productInformationPresentationElectronic PublishingShovel-wareManagement Style/Organization

Rewriting: Creative and Editorial Process in Cyberspace

CD-ROMDigitalizationGraphicsStyleA New Hair Club for Men

Rewriting: Creative and Editorial Process in Cyberspace

PornographyDisney ClassicsJournalistsCyberjournalists

Marketing Electronic Publications

First ask questions publishing multimedia desktop market CD-ROM titles

GamesArts and EntertainmentSoftwareRefrenceTraining and Education

Chapter 8

Marketing Electronic Publications

Marketing Electronic Publications

Packaged products Desktop products

CD-ROM (& eventually DVD): • In the Future--Throw away your phone books• Games- Most powerful home computing device

– process full-motion video and high quality graphics in real time

– Who introduced the video game market– Atari

Marketing Electronic Publications

Other Players in the market Nintendo & Sega

Arts & Entertainment, Software, Reference, Training and Education

Marketing Electronic Publications : CD-ROM

Books Games

Placing the PC-Where will the Media Technology be located-infers usage WebTV Portable Market Electronic Books

Strategic Consideration

PricingBooksCD-iCD-ROMVideo CartridgeOn-line ServicesWeb

Adopters of New Technology

GenderGenerationSocioeconomic

Implication for advertisers

Chapter 9

The Legeal and Regulatory Environment

The Legal and Regulatory Environment

FCC Federal Communication Commission

PUC Public Utility Commission

ITU International Telecommunication Union

WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization

The Legal and Regulatory Environment:Deregulation

A decade since the judgement-AT & T

CourtsClinton Administration

Encouraging/Promoting/New Reg./OpenAccess/Universal

Clinton Administration

Build it and they will comeTelecommunication Act 1996National Research and Education NetworkDeconstruction the FCC

comm.carriers mass media bureau wireless cable/international/investigation/technology

Clinton Administration

EncryptionGovernment FearsCodes for KidsPrivacyHackersDigital SignaturesCopyright Laws/Royalties

Chapter 10, part 1: pages284-312

Social and Cultural Consequences

Social Consequences of New Media Technology:

Enduring Issues

Improvements in Social Institutions Communication Medicine society

Democracy

Information Societycomputers make faster flow of informationnew activities, processes and productssocial and political change, global thought

Social Consequences of New Media: Case Study

WebTV & the Global VillageShared Viewing Experiences

(3TV>500ci+)Virtual Communities

New Forums Isolation Electronic Mob-Immediate Access-on Politics Violence-Information Warfare

Institutional Consequences of New Technology

Changing the way we do business- Faster

DecentralizationMulti-directional communicationPolitical SystemEducation System

Chapter 10, part 2: pages312-335

Social and Cultural Consequences

Sociological Perspective on New Media Technology

Telecommuting InfoZone

Computer Dirty Work Cutting People Out of the System

Connected Networked For Emergency

Chapter 11

The Future:

Age of Random Access

On the Holodeck

Media LandscapeWWWWireless communicationDigitalDigital Video

The Companies-Access/Locked Out

User Control & User Choice: New & Improved Media

Video on demandfrom Media control to user control of

choicefiber in the sky from CellularVisionParallel and Divergent Universe-CostsConsequences of ConvergenceBetter/Worse/Cost for Whom/Time-

Change

Challenges

BandwithDigital PublishingSecurityContent Providers - Who??Verifying Information - Digital Finger PrintInformation vs EntertainmentTomorrow’s NewsLimits to digital space

Challenges

SonoficationArtificial Life

Children and Technology