chapter 14 review. 1.return to behavior that is characteristic of an earlier stage of development a....

Chapter 14 Review

1. Return to behavior that is characteristic of an earlier stage of development

a. regression

• b. socialization

• c. denial

• d. displacement

Answer

• A. Regression

Store of human concepts shared by all people across cultures

a. defense mechanisms

b.collective unconscious

c.archetypes

d. regression

Answer

• b. collective unconscious

Obvious personality trait such as friendliness

a. archetypes

b. regression

c. surface trait

d. Socialization

Answer

c.surface trait

Ideas and images of the accumulated experience of all human beings

a. archetypes

b. regression

c. surface trait

d. Socialization

Answer

• a. archetypes

A(n) ____________________ person tends to be imaginative and looks inward rather than to other people for ideas and energy

Answer

• Introverted

is a defense mechanism that uses self-deception to justify unacceptable behaviors or ideas.

a. Regression

b. Denial

c. Projection

d. Rationalization

Answer

d. Rationalization

A person who is in ____________________ refuses to accept the reality of a bad or upsetting situation.

a. Regression

b. Denial

c. Projection

d. Displacement

Answer

b. Denial

A person with a(n) ____________________ ____________________ is motivated by feelings of inadequacy and insecurity.

Answer

• Inferiority Complex

The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates believed that personality traits are the result of

a. experience and conscious learning.

b. the activity of the id, ego, and superego.

c. different combinations of the body’s humors.

d. the collective unconscious.

Answer

• different combinations of the body’s humors

According to Freud, the part of the mind that functions according to the moral principle is the

• a. id. c. superego.

• b. ego. d. collective unconscious

Answer

c.superego.

Trait theory has been criticized for

a. using studies that cannot be replicated

b. not explaining where traits come from.

c. not putting enough emphasis on conscious choice.

d. all of the above reasons

Answer

• b. not explaining where traits come from.

The analytic theory developed by Carl Jung stresses that human behavior is influenced by

• a. basic drives. C. the scientific method.

• b. external forces or influences.

• D. mysticism and religion.

Answer

D. mysticism and religion.

The “five factors” of the Five-Factor Model refer to

• a. cognitive factors.

• b. basic personality factors.

• C. intelligence factors.

• D. emotional factors.

Answer

• b. basic personality factors.

Psychologist Gordon Allport argued that an individual’s personality is the result of

• a. combinations of traits.

• b. combinations of bodily fluids.

• c. the unconscious.

• d. the need to overcome an inferiority complex.

Answer

a.combinations of traits.

Abraham Maslow argued that differences in personality are linked to

• a. the search for self-actualization.

• b. hereditary factors.

• c. the inferiority complex.

• d. fixations at early stages of development.

a.the search for self-actualization.

The young hero, the fertile and nurturing mother, and the wise old man are examples of

• a. source traits. C. congruences.

• b. archetypes. D. acculturation.

Answer

b.archetypes.

Psychoanalytic theory argues that personality is the result of

• a. combinations of traits.

• b. learning and experience.

• c. the search for self-actualization.

• d. inner conflicts between drives and rules.

Answer

• d. inner conflicts between drives and rules