chapter 16-18 - middle east, central asia (1)
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Asia Minor, The Middle East, and North Africa (Review)
The Center of the World
Ch. 16-18
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About Islam (Ch. 16-18)
Islam: to give up, submit to Allah, peace Quran: Other translations not considered Muhammad: the final prophet
Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus: prophets
Islamic Laws: Sharia and Fiqh Sharia: Traditional Islamic Law (things like many
wives): Problematic in todays world Fiqh: Jurisprudence (the science of law) of Sharia:
how to interpret things that are not in there Fighting: ie) who should become soldiers
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Three Sects
Sunni: the largest (number?)
Shia: the minor (Iran)
Sufism: mystical and direct meeting with Allah
The Five Pillars
Testimony, Prayer, Fasting (Ramadan)
Alms Giving, Pilgrimage (Hajj to Mecca)
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Chapter 16 Eastern Mediterranean
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Introduction
Very close to South Europe (Greece)
Culturally Connected: Ancient Greece + Rome, Ottoman Empire
Similar Climate: Mediterranean
British and French Mandates in the Region (1920s)
Palestine: Becoming their representative until ready
Balfour Declaration: Bringing Jews back home
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Countries
Turkey: Asia (Asia Minor) or Europe (trying to join Eu)?
Strait of Bosporus and Dardanelles
Largest city: Istanbul, Capital: Ankara (hilly)
Minority persecution: Armenian Genocide (Ch. 18), Kurdish (one of largest minority with no country )
Cyprus: Greek + Turkish influence divided
Syria: ongoing conflict with IS
Israel vs. Palestine: three places (Golan, West Bank, Gaza strip)
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Chapter 17 The Persian Gulf
or the Middle East
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Persian Gulf and Desert Gulf: similar with Bay (larger) Desert: precipitation less than 250mm, hot or cold Arabian Peninsula: mostly Saudi Arabia Worlds Oil (OPEC) and Finance Center (UAE - Dubai)
Beginning of World Civilizations: Mesopotamia Headlining negative World Politics: terrorism, riots Culturally connected to North Africa: Islam, Arabic
(except Iran) Ongoing conflict with Israel (or US)
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Burj Dubai Downtown Dubai
Hot and Cold Desert
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Countries
Saudi Arabia: largest in ME, birthplace of Islam
Emirate: rule by prince
UAE (Abu Dhabi, Dubai), Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait
Iraq: US and IS + Mesopotamia
Iran: Tehran (capital city + largest city in ME), most strict Islamic nation in ME
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Chapter 18 The Caucasus and Central Asia
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General Definition Central Asia: the Stans
Landlocked: No Sea Stan: Persian for place, state Southern Permafrost region: Frozen land The Road to the World
The Silk Road: Worlds first major trade route Russias political influence, US military/oil influence, Chinas
economy and security ties
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Central Asia
History Scythia (Eastern Iranian): 1BC Passing Grounds: Huns, Mongol Empire Bukharan Jews: Jewish people who lived in Central
Asia (the most isolated Jews)
Geography Caucasus Mountains (Georgia, Armenia): divides Asia,
Europe (Ural), and Middle East Caspian Sea: The largest lake (not freshwater), now
with oil and gas Mountains and Deserts: Tien Shan, Hindu Kush
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Scythia Empire Iranian Influence
Right: Range of Central Asia Below: the Bukharan Jews
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Today
Resource-Packed Region Continuing relationship with Russia, China connecting with
Xinjiang US coming to find an alternative region of oil Aral Sea: massive reduction from cotton farming
Countries
Kazakhstan: the largest Georgia: is Russian pronunciation Kyrgyzstan: Michelle teachers place Uzbekistan: John teachers birthplace Afghanistan: many ethnicities
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