chapter 3 (7th grade) edci 560

WeatherClimate

EnvironmentResources

Weather and Climate

What’s the difference?(Answer on Board...)

Assignment (10 Points)

Create a ’weather report’What is the weather going to be like tomorrow and this week?

–Using the information we covered in class explain our current weather situation.

– Use these terms, that apply, when describing our weather…• Sun & Location!• Wind!

–Prevailing Winds…• Water!

–Ocean Currents–Large Bodies of Water…

• Weather Fronts!• Mountains!

–Rain Shadow Effect…Answer in complete sentences! (ALSO –

CORRECT HEADING!)

BRAIN CHECK•What is weather?•What is climate?

What cause our weather & climate?

What is it like outside?Weather

– Short-term changes in the air for a given place and time…• Temperature and Precipitation from hour to hour or day to day…

Climate– A regions average weather condition of

a long period of time…• Based on data and experience…

– May? December?

What creates weather and a place climate?

The factors that shape weather and climate include the sun, location on Earth,

wind, water, and mountains… (How?)

Sun and LocationThe sun energy heats our

planet. (Solar Energy!)

•Different areas receive more or less depending on the Earths, latitude & tilt?

Earths shape also effects weather and climate.

•Low Latitudes (Equator) –More sunlight.•High Latitudes (Poles) –Less sunlight.•Tilt!

Wind and WaterHow does heat from

the sun move across the Earth’s

surface?• Air and Water warmed by the sun are constantly moving around the Earth…–These carry heat from place to place!• As a result, they

make different areas of Earth warmer and cooler…

These effect a places weather

and climate!

Global WindsWind (air) constantly blows around our planet…

–This movement of air blows in great streams around the planet…• Prevailing Winds – blow in

the same direction over a large area…– Trade Winds, Westerlies,

and Polar Easterlies…

How does wind Begin?

Global WindsTo understand Earth’s wind

patterns you must think about the weight of the air…

•Weight changes with temperature…–Cold Air – sinks! & Hot Air – rises!

•On a global scale, this rising, sinking, and flowing air creates Earth’s prevailing winds.

–Earths rotation causes prevailing winds to curve east to west…• These winds can cool and heat a

region, as well as make it drier or wetter…

Ocean CurrentsOcean Currents – large

streams of surface seawater.

•Move heat around Earth…

–Wind HELPS drive these ocean currents…• Warm Currents – Raise

Temperature• Cold Currents – Lower

Temperature

Gulf Stream –Warms U.S. East Coast!

• North Atlantic Drift– Bermuda and Great Britain

Large Bodies of Water

Large bodies of water also affect a regions climate…

–Oceans, Lakes, and Gulfs…• Makes temperature in area a lot milder, as well moisture…

Wind, Water, and StormsMost major storms occur when two air masses collide…

–Front – a place where two air masses or different temperatures meet.

–Rain/Thunderstorm–Snow Storms–Icy Blizzards–Monsoons–Tornados–Hurricanes

• 155 mph winds and 17 ft. storm surges…–Typhoons

• Hurricanes in the Pacific Ocean…

Mountains?Rain Shadow Effect?

Most of the moisture in the ocean air (front) falls on the mountainside facing the wind. Little moisture remains to fall on the other side, creating a rain shadow.

AssignmentClimate Zone Map

•This is not due tomorrow!•Begin working on and labeling the ‘Climate Zone’ Map…•We will continue talking and working on ‘Climate Zones’ tomorrow!

Brain Check• Themes, Sun, Water, and Landforms…• What is weather? (climate?) • How does the sun & location effect the

Earth’s weather and climate? (latitude?)• How does wind effect the earths weather

and climate? (prevailing winds?)• How do ocean currents effect

temperatures? (large bodies of water?)• What is a front and what can they cause?• What is the ‘Rain Shadow Effect’?

Weather, Climate, Environment, and

Resources• Section 1 – Weather and Climate•Section 2 – World Climates• Section 3 - Natural Environments• Section 4 – Natural Resources

World Climate Zones

World Climate Zones

• In January, how will you dress for the weekend? (May?)–In some places you might get dressed to go play in the snow…

–Other places you might get dressed to go swimming…

What the seasons are where you live depends

on the weather and climate…

Earth is a collage of climates…Geographers identify climates by looking at…•Temperatures…•Precipitation…•Plant Life…

Using these we can divide the Earth into 5 climate zones…

–Tropical, Temperate, Polar, Dry, and Highland…• Based on Latitude and Elevation!

Tropical ClimatesClose to the Equator

(Low Latitudes)Humid Tropical Climate (HOT/WET)•Warm with high amounts of rain year-round (450 inches/yr.).

–Monsoons…–Tropical Rainforest…

Tropical Savanna Climate (DRY/HOT)•Warm all year; distinct rainy and dry season.

–Long hot dry season, followed by short periods of rain.• Savannas – Areas of tall grasses

and scattered trees and shrubs.

Dry Climates• Desert Climate (HOT/DRY)• Earths HOTTEST Climate 136

Degrees!– Sunny and dry; less than 10

inches of rain a year…• Plant life is almost impossible!

• Steppe Climate (HOT/DRY)• Hot summers and cool winters

with wide temperature ranges during the day…– Steppes – semidry grasslands or

prairies…

Temperate ClimatesTemperate climates occur in the

middle latitudes…– These climates have 4 distinct

seasons…

•Mediterranean Climate – Dry, sunny, warm summers; mild,

wetter winters. (Found in coastal areas)

•Humid Subtropical Climate (Hot/Wet)

– Humid with hot summers and mild winters; rain year round; in path of hurricanes and typhoons.

•Marine West Coast Climate– Cloudy, mild summers and cool, rainy winters.

•Humid Continental Climate (OUR AREA)

– FOUR distinct seasons; long winters and short warm summers; average precipitation varies. (Mixed Forest)

Polar Climate• Subarctic Climate

(DRY/COLD)– Extreme of temperatures; long

winters and short warm summers; little precipitation. (Evergreen Forest “Taiga”)

• Tundra Climate (DRY/COLD)– Cold all year long, cool summer;

little precipitation and low shrubs.

• Permafrost – Permanently frozen layers of soil.

• Ice Cap Climate (DRY/COLD)– Freezing cold; snow and ice; little

precipitation. No vegetation!

Highland and Cave Climate

• Highland Climate (Mountains)–Wide range of temperatures and precipitation amount, depends on elevation and location… (Forest to Tundra's)

– Varies places in the World…

• Cave Climate–Temperature inside caves reflect temperatures from outside.• Soil and rock surrounding a cave

moderates its temperature.– Similar to ocean currents…

ACTIVITYClimate Zone BBALL

Climate Zone Map

TURN IT IN!(End of Per.)

Turn in your Assignment

Pick a Climate Zone and write something interesting about it!Humid Tropical Climate

Tropical Savanna Climate

Desert Climate Steppe ClimateMediterranean Climate Humid Subtropical ClimateMarine West Coast ClimateHumid Continental Climate

Subarctic Climate Tundra Climate Ice Cap Climate Highland Climate

BOARD!

Name One Climate Zone and a Characteristic…

PROJECT DIRECTIONS• Students will be reporting ‘LIVE’ from one of the Worlds

‘Climate Zones’… (NARRATIVE!) • Students will have to form groups of 2…• Once in groups of 2, students will have to pick a

‘Climate Zone’ to research… (FRI)• Groups will have to research specific facts and

details about their ‘Climate Zone’… (FRI & MON)• Where is it? & What is it like? • Plants? & Precipitation?

• Groups must be ‘VERY’ descriptive… (HOOK!)– Once groups have found all of their

information they will have to present (1 Minute Reports) their findings to the class as if they were visiting that ‘Climate Zone’… (TUE)

– Groups will have to dress up (for their appropriate Climate Zone) when presenting! (TUE)

– Use strong verbs and nouns, modify them by using adjectives and adverbs! DESCRIBE YOUR CLIMATE ZONE!

Give an example of a Natural

Environment?

*Section 1 – Weather and Climate

*Section 2 – World Climates

*Section 3 - Natural Environments

*Section 4 – Natural Resources

EnvironmentWhat is an environment?

(LANDSCAPE)

*The land, water, climate, plants, and animals of an area. (Surroundings)*What do you see in your natural

environment?

*What makes it unique?

*How is your environment special?

The environment limits life!

*Temperature, rainfall, and soil conditions limit where plants and animals can live.

*With different environment animals and plants must adapt.

*All plants and animals are adapted to specific environments.

*Examples?????

The interconnection between living things and the environment form ecosystems.*Ecosystem – is a group of plants and animals that depend on each other for survival and the environment in which they live.*Can be any size…

*Can occur wherever…* Air, Earth, Water, or Soil support life.

The interconnected parts of an ecosystems exist in a fragile balance…*Small changes to one part can affect

the whole system…*Lack of Rain!*Deforestation!*Desertification!

*Habitat – is a place where a plant or animal lives.*Extinct – extreme changes in ecosystem

can cause species to die out…

Assignment – THINK/CREATE?• Giant Coconut Crab

• Glass Frog• Blobfish• Camel Spider• Pink Fairy Armadillo• Maned Wolf• Irrawaddy Dolphin• Dugong• Yeti Crab• Superb Bird of

Paradise• Japanese Spider

Crab• Panda Ant

• Glaucus Atlanticus• Mantis Shrimp• Saiga Antelope• Bush Viper• Blue Parrotfish• Shoebill• Okapi• Narwhal• Angora Rabbit• Proboscis• Umbonia

Spinosa• Lowland

Streaked Tenrec

Directions1.Pick an animal…2.Research…

• What is it…• Where can it

be found…• Habitat…• Climate

Zone…• Answer these

questions on a blanks piece of paper.

3.Draw/Illustrate the animals ecosystem…4.COLOR PLEASE!5.Questions?

First Come – First Served

SS.7.3.8 2007Physical Systems: Describe ecosystems.

• Weather/Climate?• Climate Zones?• Ecosystem?• Habitat?• Extinct?• Changes to our environments?

•Good or Bad…•Can we stop it?

*Section 1 – Weather and Climate

*Section 2 – World Climates

*Section 3 - Natural Environments

*Section 4 – Natural Resources

What are some of Earth’s

valuable resources?

Natural Resources•Renewable

•Nonrenewable

Natural Resource – are any materials in nature that people use and value...

*Air, water, soil, forest, oil, and other minerals.

*Natural resources are a raw material used for our everyday products…

Types of Natural ResourcesRenewable Resources –

are resources Earth replaces naturally…

• Water, Soil, Trees, Plants, and Animals…

Nonrenewable Resources – are resources that cannot be replaced…

• Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas…

–Once used, it’s GONE!

Renewable energy will never run out!*Hydroelectric Power – the production of electricity from water power!*Dams…

*Wind Power – the production of electricity from wind!*Wind Mills…

*Solar Power – the production of electricity from the sun!*Solar panels…

*Nuclear Energy *Geothermal Energy

Nonrenewable Resource*Metals (Steel and Iron)

*Rocks (Granite)

*Salt

*Gemstones (Diamonds)

Nonrenewable Energy ResourcesFossil Fuels –

nonrenewable resources that formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals…

• Coal, Petroleum, and Natural Gas…

Activity – Get a Cookie.

LISTEN!– Step 1, Everyone will need a

cookie…– Step 2, Everyone needs a

toothpick…– Step 3, Try to remove the

Chocolate Chips…– Step 4, What happened…– Step 5, results???

Environment – Resources.WORTH IT?(REFLECTION…)

SS.7.3.9 2007 Physical Systems: Compare and contrast the distribution of natural resources.

Resources and WealthNatural Resources

affect every countries economic status!•Resource = Wealth

–Oil…–Lumber…–Wind…–Diamonds…–Nuclear Energy…–Food/Plants…–Water…

Negatives/Benefits of Natural Resources?

Climate – Environment Basketball

Be prepared to play Jeopardy Wednesday… Take Notes! Begin to study for you Test! Collect/Study Homework! Good Luck! Test Friday! (35 Points)

Chapter 3 TestFriday

• 15 Multiple Choice – 1 Point Each!• 10 Matching – 1 Point Each!• 5 Essays (Choose 2) – 5 Points Each!

– (Describe, Justify, Why, Explain, and Elaborate!)

35 Points TotalOnce finished, read Chapter 4 Section 1…

Complete the assessment 1 – 4…or Complete the Chapter 4 Crossword Puzzle

Chapter 3 TestToday

• 15 Multiple Choice – 1 Point Each!• 10 Matching – 1 Point Each!• 5 Essays (Choose 2) – 5 Points Each!

– (Describe, Justify, Why, Explain, and Elaborate!)

35 Points Total

6°

• Weather/Climate?• Climate Zones?• Ecosystem?• Habitat?• Extinct?• Natural Resources?

•Nonrenewable?•Renewable?

Answer the following question… (10 Minutes)

What do you think would happen if the Worlds average temperature

was raised by 6 or more degrees?

6°