chapter 6 notes book chapter 4-3. i. properties of metals and nonmetals -physical prop of metals 1....

Chapter 6 Notes

Book chapter 4-3

I. Properties of Metals and Nonmetals

-Physical Prop of metals1. *Luster:

shininess2. Good conductor of heat and electricity3. High density

4. High melting point

5. Ductile

6. Malleable

-Chem Prop of Metals

1. *Corrosive:

wearing away of metal

-Alloy

*A mixture of two elements – both metals, or a metal and a nonmetal – that has properties of a metal.

ex: stainless steel, Brass

-Physical Properties of Nonmetals

1. Not as easy to recognize as a group.

-Chem Prop of Nonmetals

1. Tend to gain e-

-Metalloids

1. Display prop of both

2. All are solid

II. Active Metals

-most found in Group 1 and 2

*Combustion:

___ + O2 ----> CO2 + H2O

-Alkali Metals

*Elements in Group 1

-most reactive of all metals

-never found(nature)as free elem

-Rxn with water produces a base

-one e- in outermost nrg level

-Alkaline Earth Metals

*elements in Group 2-reactive-harder and denser-never found free in nature-combine to make alloys-two e- in outermost nrg level

Flame Test ----Group 1 reactivityhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNojS6ZZ4og

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJvS4uc4TbU

http://profmokeur.ca/chemistry/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCk0lYB_8c0&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ft4E1eCUItI&feature=related

Na Noteshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9O7kJLTa9Sg

III. Transition Metals

*Between Group 3 -12

-properties don’t seem to fit any other

-much less reactive

-brittle; brightly colored

IV. Nonmetals

*Groups 13-18

-Boron Family

*Group 13

-3valence e-

-Carbon Family

*Group 14

-4 valence e-

*Organic compound:

anything that contains C

-Nitrogen Family

*Group 15

-five e- in outermost nrg level

-Oxygen Family

*Group 16

-have six e- in outermost nrg level

-oxygen, very reactive and combines with almost every other element(supports combustion)

V. Halogens

*Group 17

*Greeks “halogens”

= Salt formers

-strongly nonmetallic

-gain e- and form neg. ions

-most active nonmetals-never found free in nature-7 valence e--all diatomic elements

but not “At”

VI. Noble Gases

*Group 18

*Inert:

don’t readily combine with other elements

VII. Rare-Earth Elements

*Two rows at the bottom of the chart.

1. First Row

*Lanthanoid series:

soft, malleable metals, high luster, high conductivity

-used to make alloys and high-quality glass

2. Second Row

*Actinoid Series:

radioactive, synthetic

-best known is uranium