chapter 7 (developments in brunei up to 1986)

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Chapter 7

DEVELOPMENTS IN BRUNEI UP TO 1986

“Let there arise out of you a group of people inviting to all that is good, enjoining Al-Ma’ruf (Islamic monotheism and all that Islam orders one to do) and forbidding Al-Munkar (polytheism and disbelief and all that Islam has forbidden). And it is they who are the successful.”

Surah Ar-Imran, Verse 104OFF

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7.1 CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

Although Brunei was given full control over its internal administration, it still remained a British protected state

Amendments To The 1959 Constitution Agreement

14 Nov1969

His Royal Highness Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah went to London to discuss the amendments to the 1959 Agreement

23 Nov1971

The new agreement was signed between Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and the British representative, Anthony Henry Fanshawe Royle

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7.1 CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

Terms Of The 1971 Agreement

• Brunei granted full internal self-government• The Commissioner remained as representative of the British Government but was no longer the adviser to the Sultan• Britain still responsible for Brunei’s external affairs and defence• Brunei and Britain would consult each other if Brunei was threatened externally • Brunei and Britain would share responsibility for defence and security• A new post created – General Adviser to His Royal Highness

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7.1 CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

• Signed on 7 Jan 1979• A further step towards independence• Brunei agreed to take over international responsibilities as a sovereign and independent nation• Britain agreed to assist Brunei in the area of diplomacy

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7.1 CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS

1979: Diplomatic Department was set up to handle Brunei’s external relations.

1 Jan 1984:Brunei officially became an independent nation

1983: Brunei Investment Agency was set up to handle management of Brunei’s financial affairs overseas.(Click on screen to view.)

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

New government departments were created:

1973: Economic Planning Unit –

national development plans

1976: Economic Development Board – applications from private sectors to set

up industries

Third National Development Plan (1975 - 1979)

• Created more employment opportunities by diversifying the economy• Gave priority to manufacturing, tourism, agriculture, forestry and fisheries

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

Fourth National Development Plan (1980 - 1984)

Maintained a high level of employment

Diversified the economy through rapid development of agriculture and industry

Encouraged agro-based manufacturing industries

Improved communication system, education and health facilities as well as telecommunications

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

• 16 April 1975: Brunei Government had equal share in Brunei Shell Petroleum• 1970s: four more oilfields were discovered• 1979: 650 oilfields had been drilled in Seria oilfield

By 1986, Brunei had become the world’s fourth largest producer of Liquefied Natural Gas.

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

The Young Farmers Resettlement Scheme

The Finance Scheme

• Training of local fishermen in modern techniques of fishing• Despite government support, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors showed little growth • There was, on the other hand, an increase in trade and commercial activities

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

More schools / religious schools

constructed

More emphasis placed on training of local teachers

Technical and vocational

schools opened

1984 Introduction of degree course at SHBTC

18 Oct1985

Opening of University Brunei Darussalam

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

• 1983: The new Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital was opened• Other government hospitals were opened• Health and medical services were undertaken in a comprehensive manner• Health services were expanded to rural areas

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7.2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS

1 Jan 1975: Radio and Television Brunei created

November 1984: Royal Brunei Airlines established

Postal services provided at post offices in Bandar Seri Begawan and main towns in four districts

Sept 1979: Earth Satellite Station completed

1986: An effective telecommunications network had been developed

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7.3 BRUNEI’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Mutual respect of other’s territorial

sovereignty, integrity and independence

Maintenance of friendly relations

among nations

Non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries

Maintenance and promotion of

peace, security and stability in the

region

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7.3 BRUNEI’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Diplomatic Relations were established with many countries around the world

Brunei’s Participation In International Political Organisations

• 1 Jan 1984: Brunei became member • Brunei had a policy of co-operation and worked with friendly nations towards peace, economic progress and friendship

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7.3 BRUNEI’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• The main aims of ASEAN were to maintain friendly relations, security and regional stability• 7 Jan 1984: Brunei became 6th member of ASEAN

• SEAMEO (1984)

• Organisation of Islamic Conference (1984)

• Asian Broadcasting Union (1984)

• ISESCO (1985)

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7.3 BRUNEI’S INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• 21 Sept 1984: Brunei became 159th member of the United Nations• International recognition of Brunei’s sovereignty as an independent nation

Since joining the United Nations, Brunei has become actively involved in the World Health Organisation and the United Nations Development Programme

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CHAPTER 7: SUMMARY

Constitutional Developments

Five important councils created by Sultan

Amendments made to the 1959 Constitution

Five principal Administrators appointed

Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation of 1979

Full independence in 1984

The written constitution of 1959

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CHAPTER 7: SUMMARY

3rd National Development Plan (1975 - 1979) 4th National Development

Plan (1980 - 1984)

Health Services

Oil and Gas Industry

Education Progress

Transportation and Communications