chapter one organization of the human body anatomical terminology

Chapter OneChapter OneOrganization of the Human bodyOrganization of the Human bodyAnatomical TerminologyAnatomical Terminology

There will be a Quiz There will be a Quiz on Body Systems, on Body Systems,

Views, CavitiesViews, CavitiesON FRIDAY ON FRIDAY

2/52/5

Anatomical Planes of the Anatomical Planes of the Human BodyHuman Body

Anatomical Planes DefinedAnatomical Planes Definedp.14 Fig. 1.11p.14 Fig. 1.11

Saggital (median) Plane – lengthwise cut of Saggital (median) Plane – lengthwise cut of the body into right and left sides; if passes the body into right and left sides; if passes along midline, then body is in equal parts = along midline, then body is in equal parts = medianmedian

Transverse (horizontal) plane – cut that Transverse (horizontal) plane – cut that divides body into superior and inferior divides body into superior and inferior portionsportions

Coronal (frontal) plane – divides body into Coronal (frontal) plane – divides body into anterior and posterior views. anterior and posterior views.

Anterior and Anterior and Posterior Posterior

viewview

Anterior and Posterior PositionsAnterior and Posterior Positions

Anterior – Anterior – means towards the frontmeans towards the front

Posterior – Posterior – opposite view of anterior; opposite view of anterior;

means toward the backmeans toward the back

Superior Superior and Inferior and Inferior

ViewsViews

Superior and Inferior ViewsSuperior and Inferior Views

Superior – Superior – means the body part is above means the body part is above

another part or is closer to the another part or is closer to the head. head.

Inferior – Inferior – means the body part is below means the body part is below

another part or is closer to the another part or is closer to the feet feet

Medial Medial and and

Lateral Lateral ViewsViews

Medial and Lateral Medial and Lateral Medial - Medial -

relates to an imaginary midline dividing relates to an imaginary midline dividing the body into equal left and right halves. the body into equal left and right halves. Body part is medial if it is close to the Body part is medial if it is close to the midline. (Nose is medial to the eyes)midline. (Nose is medial to the eyes)

Lateral – Lateral – means toward the side with respect to means toward the side with respect to

the imaginary midline (Ears are lateral to the imaginary midline (Ears are lateral to the eyes)the eyes)

Proximal Proximal and Distal and Distal

ViewsViews

Proximal and Distal Proximal and Distal Proximal – Proximal –

describes a body part that is closer to a describes a body part that is closer to a point of attachment than another body point of attachment than another body part. (Elbow is proximal to the wrist)part. (Elbow is proximal to the wrist)

Distal – Distal – opposite of proximal; particular body opposite of proximal; particular body

part is farther from a point of attachment part is farther from a point of attachment than another body part. (Fingers are than another body part. (Fingers are distal to the wrist)distal to the wrist)

Superficial and DeepSuperficial and Deep

Superficial – Superficial – situated near the surfacesituated near the surface

Deep – Deep – parts that are more internalparts that are more internal

Body ViewsBody Views

Axial Portion – head, neck, trunkAxial Portion – head, neck, trunkDorsal cavity – cranial cavity and Dorsal cavity – cranial cavity and

vertebral canalvertebral canal Ventral Cavity – Thoracic cavity, Ventral Cavity – Thoracic cavity,

Diaphragm, abdominopelvic cavityDiaphragm, abdominopelvic cavity

Appendicular Portion – Appendicular Portion – arms & legsarms & legs

Body Body CavitiesCavitiesLateral Lateral ViewView

Body CavitiesBody Cavities

cranial cavitiy – cranial cavitiy – houses the brainhouses the brain

vertebral canal –vertebral canal – spinal cord and some vertebraespinal cord and some vertebrae

Body CavitiesBody Cavities

Thoracic cavity – Lungs and moreThoracic cavity – Lungs and more Mediastinum region (separates right and Mediastinum region (separates right and

left lungs) = heart, esophagus, trachea, left lungs) = heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymusand thymus

Diaphragm – Diaphragm – separates the thoracic from the separates the thoracic from the

abdominopelvic abdominopelvic

Body CavitiesBody Cavities

abdominopelvic cavity – abdominopelvic cavity – Abdominal cavity – stomach, liver, Abdominal cavity – stomach, liver,

spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, most of the spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, most of the small and large intestinessmall and large intestines

Pelvic cavity – enclosed by hip bones; Pelvic cavity – enclosed by hip bones; includes terminal portion of large includes terminal portion of large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs. reproductive organs.

Body CavitiesBody Cavities

Body CavitiesBody Cavities

There will be a Quiz on Body There will be a Quiz on Body Systems, Views, CavitiesSystems, Views, Cavities

ON FRIDAY ON FRIDAY 2/52/5

HW p20 Review HW p20 Review Exercises Part AExercises Part A

Q 2-5, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19Q 2-5, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19