chapter twenty one producing readable output

Chapter 21: Report writing 1

Chapter Twenty One Producing Readable Output

Objectives: Writing reports Page set up Page layout Queries with input

Producing Readable Output

Your Name January 7,2001

List of courses

Department Course No.

Course Name

Credit Date Started

Max enrollment

COSC 100 Intro 3 2-10-92 30

110 Intro II 3 2-11-98 15

200 Programming

3 14-2-93 20

220 Application 3 10-10-01

20

Total 12

MATH 100 Algebra 4 1-9-91 45

Grand Total

Report1.sql

110

Page 1

Chapter 21: Report writing 3

Summary of FormattingOutput Commands

COLUMN TTITLE BTITLE BREAK COMPUTE

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COLUMN:COLumn name | expression

CLEar FORmat formatHEAding TextJUStify LE | CE | RNEWLineNEW_VALUE

continue

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COLUMN:(continued)

NULl textNOPRInt PRInt

WRApped TRUncated

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Formatting Option:COLUMN Name FORMAT A10COLUMN id FORMAT 9999COLUMN cr FORMAT 9COLUMN Gpa FORMAT 9.99

FORMAT:$9999909999909,999.99DATEA10L999

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Formatting Option:COLUMN Name FORMAT A10COLUMN id FORMAT 9999COLUMN cr FORMAT 9COLUMN GPA FORMAT 9.99SELECT Name, id, cr, GPAFROM studentWHERE Major=‘COSC’ORDER BY GPA;

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Heading Option:COLUMN Name HEADING ‘Student’’s

Name’COLUMN id HEADING ‘Student’’s ID’COLUMN cr*grade HEADING ‘Score’

COLUMN name HEADING ‘Student’’s Name’ JUSTIFY LE

COLumn Name HEAding ‘Name’ FORmat A10COLumn Major FORmat A7 NULL ‘NO Major’COL address HEADING ‘Addr’ FORMAT A7 TRUNC

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Column Example:

COLUMN id HEADING ‘Stud ID’ FORMAT 9999TRUNCATED

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Clear Setting

COLumn Major

CLEar COLumn

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Break onBREAK ON id SKIP 2BREAK ON id DUPLICATE SKIP 2BREAK ON id NODUPLICATEBREAK ON Major ON ID

BREAK ON REPORT PAGE ON dept PAGE

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Break onFormat:

BREAK ON column BREAK ON row BREAK ON page BREAK ON report

SKIP nSKIP page

CLEAR BREAK

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ComputeCOMPUTE SUM OF gpa ON idCOMPUTE SUM LABEL ‘Total’ OF gpa ON idCOMPUTE AVG OF a, b, c, d ON e COMPUTE SUM AVG COUNT OF gpa ON id

AVGCOUNTMAXMINSTDVAR

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Check the Setting:

COLUMNBREAKSHOWDEFINE

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Page SetupLine size:

SET LINESIZE 75

Page size:SET PAGESIZE 60

Blank lines at the top:SET NEWPAGE 3

Writing into a file:SPOOL filename.lisSPOOL Gstudent.lisSPOOL OFF

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Page SetupDisplay:

SET TERMOUT ONSPOOL filename.lis

SET TERMOUT OFF

Heading separator:SET HEADSEP charSET HEADSEP !

Underlining:SET UNDERLINE OFF

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Page SetupTitle:

TTITLE text | variableTTITLE ‘Information ‘BTITLE ‘Confidential‘

TTITLE Left ‘Page: ’ SQL.PNO – Right ‘Date: ‘ SYSDATE Skip 1 – Center ‘ My Report ‘ Skip 3;

SQL.LNOSQL.PNOSQL.RELEASESQL.SQLCODESQL.USER

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Page Setup

Host:HOST myeditfilename.SQL

HOST list 2

Start:START filename.SQL

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Page SetupSummary:COLUMNCOLUMN colname

TTITLEBTITLE

BREAK

COMPUTE

DEFINE

SHOW HEADSEPSHOW LINESIZESHOW PAGESIZESHOW NEWPAGE

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Set Commands

COLSEP [ |Text]FEEDBACK [OFF| ON| n]HEADING [OFF| ON]LINESIZE [n]PAGESIZE [n]PAUSE [OFF| ON| Text]TERMOUT[OFF| ON]

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Report Writing Example:Your Name January 7,2001

List of courses

Department Course No.

Course Name

Credit Date Started

Max enrollment

COSC 100 Intro 3 2-10-92 30

110 Intro II 3 2-11-98 15

200 Programming

3 14-2-93 20

220 Application 3 10-10-01

20

Total 12

MATH 100 Algebra 4 1-9-91 45

Grand Total

Report1.sql

110

Page 1

Chapter 21: Report writing 22

Report Writing Example:CLEAR BREAKCLEAR COMPUTECOLUMN dept HEADING ‘Department’ FORMAT A12COLUMN c_num HEADING ‘Course|No.’ FORMAT 999COLUMN title HEADING ‘Course|Name’ FORMAT A13COLUMN cr HEADING ‘Credit’ FORMAT 99COLUMN D_start HEADING ‘Date|Started’ FORMAT

DATECOLumn m_enrol HEAding ‘Max|Enrollment’ FORMAT

999

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Report Writing Example:COL SYSDATE NEW_VALUE xdate NOPRINT

FORMAT A1 TRUNCBREAK ON dept SKIP 2COMPUTE SUM OF cr ON dept--COMPUTE SUM OF cr ON dept REPORTTTITLE LEFT ‘Your Name:’SKIP 2 -

RIGHT xdate SKIP 1 -CENTER ‘List of Cources’ SKIP 1

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Report Writing Example:

BTITLE LEFT ‘Report1.sql’ -RIGHT ‘Page No: ’ SQL.PNO

SELECT dept, c_num, title, cr, d_start.m_enroll

FROM departmentWHERE dept IN (‘COSC’, ‘MATH’)ORDER BY dept;

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Login FileLogin.sql

prompt login.sql loadedset feedback offset sqlprompt ‘ ‘set sqlnumber offset numwidth 5set pagesize 24set linesize 79

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Substitution Variables Substitution variables to

temporarily store values- &- & &- DEFINE and ACCEPT

Pass variable values between SQL statements

Dynamically alter headers and footers

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USING & VARIABLE:

SELECT name, id, addressFROM student WHERE id=&student_id;

Enter value for student_id:

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& Substitution Variables User provides the input to the query

SELECT Name, GPA, IDFROM StudentWHERE UPPER(Major) = &Major_Input;

Enter Value for Major_Input: ‘COSC’

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& Substitution VariablesSELECT Name, ID, &Column_nameFROM StudentWHERE &conditionORDER BY ℴ

Enter Value for Column_name:Enter Value for Condition:Enter Value for Order:

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&& Substitution Variables

Use a value of a variable more than one time

SELECT Name, ID, &&Column_nameFROM StudentWHERE

&Column_name=&NewName;

Enter value for Column_name:

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SET VERIFY ON:SQL> SET VERIFY ONSQL> SELECT name, id, address

2 FROM student 3 WHERE id=&student_id;

Enter value for student_id: 1111Old 3: where id=&student_id;New 3: where id= 1111

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Character and Date Values

With Substitution Variables:

SELECT name, id, b_dateFROM student WHERE b_date =

'&new_birthdate';

Enter value for new_birthdate:

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Specifying Column Names, Expressions, and Text at Run Time

WHERE condition ORDER BY clause COLUMN expression TABLE name Entire SELECT statement

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ExampleSELECT name, id, rank, &column_nameFROM faculty WHERE &condition ORDER BY &order_column;

Enter value for column_name:Enter value for condition:Enter value for order_column:

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Defining User Variables You can pre-define variables using:

DEFINE: Create a user variable of CHAR data type

ACCEPT: Read user input and store it in a variable

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Defining User Variables If you need to predefine a variable that

includes spaces, you need to enclose the value within single quotation marks, when using the DEFINE command.

DEFINE variable=CAR DEFINE variable DEFINE ACCEPT

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ACCEPT Command: Create a customized prompt when

accepting user input

Explicitly defines a NUMBER or DATE datatype variable

Hides user input for security

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ACCEPT Command:ACCEPT variable [ datatype] [FORMAT

format][prompt text ] [HIDE]

ACCEPT field PROMPT 'Input your Major:‘SELECT * FROM student WHERE major=UPPER ('&field')

Input your major:

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DEFINE and UNDEFINE Use the UNDEFINE command to

clear Exit SQL*plus

To define variables for every session, modify your login.sql file

Chapter 21: Report writing 40

Create a VariableDEFINE dept_name=COSCDEFINE dept_name

SELECT *FROM facultyWHERE dept=UPPER

('&dept_name');

UNDEFINE dept_name