chapters 21.1/21.2/21.3 5.1. 1a. explain the short and long term effects of tobacco. 1e. evaluate...

UNIT 5 – ATOD

Chapters 21.1/21.2/21.3

5.1

1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.

1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.

Objectives

Tobacco Use A serious

Health RiskAccording to the Surgeon

General, tobacco use, particularly

smoking, is the number 1 cause of

preventable disease and death in the

United States

What does preventable

mean?

Smoking is responsible for 1 out of every 5 deaths.

Cigarette smoking kills more Americans than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, suicides, drugs, and fires combined!

Approximately 90% of all smokers start before age 18; the average age for a new smoker is 13.

Statistics

Addictive Drug – a substance that causes physiological and psychological dependence

Physiological dependence-physically and chemically needing a

substance

Psychological dependence-mentally and emotionally needing a

substance, negative coping mechanism

Risks of Tobacco Use

Nicotine-the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves◦ All tobacco products contain nicotine◦ Nicotine contributes to plaque buildup in blood

vessels, increasing your chance of arteriosclerosis.

◦ Stimulant – a drug that increases actions of the central nervous system, heart, and other organs

Risks of Tobacco Use

Carcinogens – cancer causing substance Tar – thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when

tobacco burns◦ Harmful to the lungs because it paralyzes cilia.

Carbon Monoxide – colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas◦ When present in the blood, the body’s tissues and cells

are deprived of oxygen!

SMOKE FROM BURNING TOBACCO IS TOXIC AND SMOKE (AND SECOND HAND SMOKE) IS CONSIDERED A GROUP A CARCINOGEN, THE MOST DANGEROUS CARCINOGEN!

Cigarette Smoke

Smokeless Tobacco – sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed

Leukoplakia – thick, white, leather spots on the inside of the mouth then can develop into oral cancer◦ The mouth has sensitive tissues that are damaged

easily

BECAUSE IT IS HELD IN THE MOUTH FOR A LENGTH OF TIME, THE AMOUNT OF NICOTINEN AND CARNINOGENS (28) AT 2-3X’S THE AMOUNT OF SMOKING TOBACCO

Smokeless TobaccoNOT A SAFE ALTERNATIVE TO SMOKING TOBACCO

Carcinogens in Cigarettes and Smokeless Tobacco

Which chemicals are you shocked to learn are in

cigarettes?

Actual List of Chemicals in Cigarettes

Effects of

Tobacco on the

Body

Short Term

Effects

Changes in Brain Chemistry

Increased Respirations

Increased Heart Rate

Dulled taste buds

Reduced appetite

Bad breath

Smelly hair

Smelly clothesSmelly

skin

Long-term Effects of Tobacco on the Body

Nervous SystemAddictionIncreased risk of Stroke

Outward AppearanceAging of skin WrinklesDiscoloration of skin

Respiratory System◦ Smoker’s Hack◦ Emphysema –

destroys tiny air sacs in the lungs, making breathing

extremely difficult.◦ Lung Cancer

Long-Term Effects Continued…

Long-Term… Digestive SystemCancer (mouth, throat)

Cardiovascular System

Increased blood pressure, heart attack, hardened arteries

Excretory SystemIncreased cancer risk of the bladder, kidneys

Quick Write

Do you think that graphic warning labels on cigarette packages will discourage teenagers from starting to smoke?

What about individuals who already smoke? Would these labels discourage them from smoking?

1. Legal Consequence ◦ Tobacco use is illegal for anyone under the age of

18 in all states, 19 in the State of Utah, Alaska, and Alabama

Illegal to smoke inside in any establishment in what states?◦ Cannot smoke within 25 ft of any air intake or

door/window◦ Have to smoke out in the cold◦ Against the law to smoke in a car with a child

Consequences of Tobacco Use

2. Social Consequences◦ Many find the smell of smoke offensive◦ Smoke Breaks◦ Housing

Consequences Continued…

3. Financial Consequence◦ Someone who smokes a pack of

cigarettes a day will spend more than $2,000/yr. Tax payers pay more than $97 Billion/Yr. in medical costs for tobacco users

What could you buy with $2,000.00?

97,000,000/Taxpayers = ?

Consequences Continued…

Prevention Strategies

Write down 3 Prevention Strategies!

1. Choose friends that don’t use tobacco

2. Avoid situations where tobacco may be used

3. Practice refusal skills◦ Your refusal skill may be

simple “No thanks”

◦ Your refusal skill may need a reason “No, I can’t. I need to stay

fit and ready for my track meet.”

Within 20 min – blood pressure and pulse rates drop. Body temp in limbs return to normal

Within 8 hrs – oxygen levels return to normal In 24 hrs – chance of heart attack decreases In 48 hrs – nerve endings begin to re-grow. Sense of taste and

smell improves In 3 days – breathing becomes easier as lung capacity

increases In 2 weeks to 3 months – lungs function up to 30% better In 1 to 9 months – lung cilia re-grow, and coughing, sinus

congestion, and shortness of breath decrease In 1 year – coronary heart disease risk is cut in half In 5 years – risk of cancers (lung, mouth, throat, esophagus)

is reduced by 50% In 10 years – risk of cancers (bladder, kidney, cervix,

pancreas) decreases

What Happens When a Smoker Quits?

Nicotine Withdrawal – cravings and discomforts caused by the absence of the nicotine

Nicotine Substitute – products that deliver small amounts of nicotine into the users system to help them give up the tobacco habit◦ Examples?

It is important to avoid social triggers!

Stopping the Addiction

Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) – air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke

Risks for Non-Smokers

Mainstream Smoke Sidestream Smoke

Smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker

Smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar

◦ More dangerous than mainstream smoke because it has higher concentrations of carcinogens, nicotine, and tar.

Effects on Infants and Children

Infants who’s parents smoke

Children who’s parents smoke

Fetal growth and development

Miscarriages Premature delivery Low birth weight Deformities Still births 2.5 times more likely

to die from SIDS

Asthma Respiratory infections 2 times more likely to

develop lung cancer 3 times more likely to

take up the habit

1a. Explain the short and long term effects of tobacco.

1e. Evaluate the impact that the use/abuse of tobacco has on families and communities.

Objectives

Assignment Activity

Chapter 21 Review◦Recalling the Facts #1-11 pg 558

The Smoke-Out Activity