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14 November 2007
CIBSE Guide L: Sustainabilitymeets
ASHRAE Green Guide
Presented by Hywel Davies
CIBSE Technical Director
Based on material prepared by
Dave Cheshire, Faber Maunsell
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Definingsustainability
• “providing for theneeds of thepresent withoutdetracting from theability to fulfill theneeds of the future”
GreenGuide
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Definingsustainability -
GreenGuide• Minimising natural resource
consumption• Renewable energy resources to
achieve net zero energyconsumption
• Minimising emissions, includingindoor air quality, greenhousegases
• Minimising discharge of solidwaste and liquid effluents
• Minimal negative impacts on siteecosystems
• Maximise quality of indoorenvironment
IAQ
Energy & water
Renewables
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Drivers forsustainability
cf ‘Owners ProjectRequirements’ in
GreenGuide
CIBSE IntroductionFigure 6
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Planning drivers
• PPS on Planning and Climate Change• Further Alterations to the London Plan
(including proposed 20% renewablestarget)
• SPG on Sustainable Design andConstruction
• Ensuring Part L compliance pre-planning
= more involvement early on
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
ASHRAE GreenGuide – Overview
Content: Three Basic Sections
Basics(Chapters 1 – 2)
Design Process(Chapters 3– 16)
Post Design(Chapter 18)
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
ASHRAE Green GuideThe Design Process
• Chapter 3: Commissioning (Cx)– Why is this the 3rd chapter in the book?– Phases of Commissioning
Preliminary
Design Construction
Acceptance
ContinuousCx
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Commissioning
• “…a comprehensive commissioning process thatstarts during pre-design …”
• The main role at pre-design is to developcomprehensive Owners Project Requirements
• This is similar to the role of the sustainabilitychampion
• Also, look at commissionability of the systems atdesign phase
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
LEED and BREEAM
• Provides a chapter onLEED guidance forHVAC engineers
• BREEAM not aseparate chapter inCIBSE - referencedwherever relevant
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
GreenGuide targets
• Achieve a level of energy use at least 50% lower than theDOE-compiled average levels for the same building type andregion, both projected an in actual operation;
• Provide at least 15% of the building’s annual energy use (inoperation) from renewable sources
• Achieve per capita water usage 40% lower than thedocumented average for building type and region
• Recycle products and post-occupancy evaluation• (NOTE: Still deals in energy rather than CO2)
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Conceptualbuilding modelling
• GreenGuideadvocates the useof ‘conceptualbuilding modelling,and optionsappraisal
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
Notional (Part L) Proposed (Part L) Total carbon dioxide
emissions
Renewables target
Carb
on
dio
xid
e e
mis
sio
ns (
kg
CO
2y
r)
Small power
DHW
Lighting
Ventilation
Cooling
Heating
28%10%
Part L Planning
Energy strategy
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Adapting to climatechange
• GreenGuide proposes nightpre-cooling as a strategy
• Guide L shows Urban HeatIsland effect problems in cities
• Central London 5–6 °Cwarmer than rural areas.
• Difficult to dissipate heat atnight
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Living roofs
• Vegetation absorbs less heatthat bare roofs
• Transpiration of waterprovides cooling andhumidifying effect
• Helps heat island andreduces amount of coolingrequired
• Can be used with PV• (See CIBSE Green Roofs KS)
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Adapting to climatechange
Predicted impacts of climatechange include:
• general increases intemperatures, including milderwinters and rising summertemperatures
• enhanced urban heat island• wetter winters, more intense
rainfall• dryer summers• higher daily mean winter wind
speeds
Climate Change Scenarios for the UK,UKCIP02 (2002)
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Urban heat islandeffect
• In central London theurban heat islandeffect can currentlylead to temperature5–6 °C warmer thantemperatures in ruralareas outside London.
• Difficult to dissipateheat at night
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
User controls
BORDASS W., LEAMAN A and BUNN R, Controls for End Users: a guide for good design andimplementation, Building Controls Industry Association (BCIA), March 2007 ISBN 0 86022 622
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Fees
• Less kit = lower fees!• GreenGuide: reducing
loads should be avaluable service
• 7% of fee forconceptual design – is itenough?
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Cost of beinggreen?
• GreenGuideargues that it iscost neutral
• Productivity andoperating costsshould be off-set
14 November 2007 CIBSE Guide L meets ASHRAE Green Guide
Lessons learnt
Differences:• Commissioning considered at start• Adapting to climate change• Load reduction or shiny toys?• Wide topic: ‘sustainability’ –
should we focus more?• All greenhouse gases matter• CO2 emissions important
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