class on blood 1 1

BloodOut of sight, out of mind

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Topics• Introduction

• Function

• Composition (A & B)

• A. Plasma

• B. Formed elements

• Hemostasis

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Introduction

• Basic components of the cardiovascular system: A, B, C

• A: Circulating Fluid

✦B: Pump

• C: Conducting Pipes

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Function• Transport: Gases, Nutrients, Hormones,

Metabolic wastes

• pH regulation, Maintaining osmolarity

• Restricting fluid loss

• Defense against toxins & pathogens

• Thermoregulation

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Composition

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Composition

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Plasma

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Obtaining Plasma

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Plasma Composition

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Origin: Plasma Protein

Liver

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Apheresis

• Apheresis: is a process in which blood of a donor/patient is passed through a medical device, which separates one or more components of blood and returns the remaining with or without extracorporeal treatment or replacement of separated component.

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Apheresis

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Types of Apheresis

• Plasmapheresis,

• Plateletpheresis,

• RBC/Erythrocytapheresis,

• Leukapheresis,

• Photopheresis

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Example: Biomarkers

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Example: BMSC

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Formed Elements

• Journey of BMSC

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Journey of BMSC

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Formed Elements

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Formation

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Blood Thinners

• Blood Thinners

• Also called: Anti-platelet drugs, Anticoagulants 

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Natural Blood Thinners

• Omega 3 Fatty Acids: Eicosapentaenoic Acid

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RBC

• `

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Hematocrit

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RBC Formation Factors

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Shape of RBC

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Oxygen Carrying

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Binding Kinetics

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Strong & Weak Binding

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Fetal & Adult Hb + O2

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Fetal vs Adult Hb

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Genetics of Hb

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Multiple Hb Variants

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Mother & Fetus

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Mother to Fetus

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Ferrying Oxygen

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Sickle Cell Anemia

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Difference

• Red blood cells are made in the spongy marrow inside the larger bones of the body. Bone marrow is always making new red blood cells to replace old ones. Normal red blood cells live about 120 days in the bloodstream and then die. They carry oxygen and remove carbon dioxide (a waste product) from your body.

• In sickle cell anemia, the abnormal sickle cells usually die after only about 10 to 20 days. The bone marrow can't make new red blood cells fast enough to replace the dying ones.

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Mutation at DNA Level

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Effect at Protein Level

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At Organism Level

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