cms: a coastal modeling system for inlets and navigation...
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US Army Corps of EngineersBUILDING STRONG®
CMS: A Coastal Modeling System for Inlets and Navigation Projects
Emphasis on practical coastal modeling
Lihwa Lin, Ph.D. and Zeki Demirbilek, Ph.D., U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
COAA2010Taipei
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Introduction of Coastal Modeling System (CMS)
GUI and Interface by Surface-water Modeling System (SMS)
Idealized and Laboratory Examples
Real-world Examples
Summary
Outline __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Coastal Modeling System (CMS) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CMS‐PTMLagrangian
Particle
Tracking Model
CMS‐PTMLagrangian
Particle
Tracking Model
CMS‐WaveDiffraction, Reflection, Run‐up, Setup, Overtopping, Wave
generation, Structures
CMS‐WaveDiffraction, Reflection, Run‐up, Setup, Overtopping, Wave
generation, Structures
Unstructured grid, several sediment transport formulas,
fast, channel sedimentation, inlet shoals
Unstructured grid, several sediment transport formulas,
fast, channel sedimentation, inlet shoals
Current, Water Level,
Morphology Change
Current, Water Level,
Morphology Change
Wave Height, Direction, Period,
Dissipation, Radiation Stresses
Wave Height, Direction, Period,
Dissipation, Radiation Stresses
CMS‐Flow
HydrodynamicsWaves, Tide, Wind,
River, Current
HydrodynamicsWaves, Tide, Wind,
River, Current Sediment
Transport
Sediment
Transport
Wave
Info
Wave
Info
MorphologyMorphologic Constraints
MorphologyMorphologic Constraints
Other ProcessesWeirs, Culverts
Other ProcessesWeirs, Culverts
3 main models:
CMS-FlowCMS-WaveCMS-PTM
Physics-basedto simulate complete coastal processes
Integrated and user-friendlysystem in SMS
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CMS Models __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• CMS-Flow: a 3D time-dependent hydrodynamic and sediment transport model for simulating circulation, salinity & sediment transport forced by tides, wind, atmospheric pressure, river inflow, waves using implicitnumerical scheme on quad-tree grid
• CMS-Wave: a steady-state, half-plane spectral wavetransformation model based on wave-action balance diffraction equation on a non-uniform Cartesian grid
• CMS-PTM: a particle tracking model to calculate thepaths & mobility of sediment (cohesive and non-cohesive particles in a Lagrangian
approach
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CMS World __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gulf (cont)Port of S. LA, Bonne Carie, LAWhite Ditch, Plaquemines Parish, LAPensacola Pass, FLEglin-Ft. Walton Beach, FLNew Pass, FL (SAJ)Big Sarasota Pass, FL (SAJ)Sarasota Bay (SAJ)Blind Pass, FLJohns Pass, FLTampa Bay, FLVenice Inlet, FLGordon Pass, FLLongboat Pass, FLWiggins Pass, FLGasparilla Island, FLAnna Maria Island, FLCape Sable Canal, FLKey West Federal Navigation Channel (SAJ)
West Coast/PacificMouth of Columbia River, WA/ORSeattle, WA (CMS-Wave)Grays Harbor, WAWillapa Bay Toke Point, WA (NWS)Willapa Bay Center, WANoyo, CAHumboldt, CAOcean Beach, CADana Point, CAPelekane, HICold Bay, AKKetchikan, AK (CMS-Wave)
Atlantic (cont)Rooster Island, MDHavre De Grace, MDOcean City Inlet, MDCape Fear, NCSt. Augustine, Del. Bay, DEPoint Lookout, NYShark River Inlet, NJHereford Inlet, NJPleasant Bay, MALake Montauk, NYAskaroken, NYShinnecock Inlet, NYMoriches Inlet, NYEast Harbor, MA (NAE)Rhode Island (RSM) (NAE)Great Egg Inlet, (NAP)
Great LakesCleveland Harbor, OHNew Buffalo, MILake ErieOntario Beach, Rochester, NY
GulfBahia Grande, TXMouth of Colorado River, TXMatagorda Ship Channel, TXBaffin Bay, TXCorpus Christi Bay, TXHouston-Galveston, TXSabine Pass, TX
InternationalNW AustraliaVeracruz, MexicoGrand Cayman Is., BahamasBardawil Lagoon, EgyptNanaimo, British Columbia, Canada (CMS-Wave)Papua New Guinea (CMS-Wave)Equatorial Guinea, Africa (CMS-Wave)
AtlanticSinger Island, FLPalm Beach Harbor/Lake Worth Inlet, FL (SAJ)Sebastian Inlet, FLSt. Augustine, FLJacksonville Harbor, FL (SAJ)Rudee Inlet, VAPoplar Island, MDSt. Jerome Bay, MD
CMS Licenses CANADA 4CHINA 5COLOMBIA 1GERMANY 1GUATAMALA 1INDIA 1INDONESIA 1ITALY 1JAPAN 1JORDAN 4ROMANIA 2S. KOREA 6SPAIN 5TAIWAN ROC 1U.K. 4USA 30VENEZUELA 1VIETNAM 2TOTAL 71
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Surface-water Modeling System (SMS) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Display
Toolbars
Help/Status
Edit Fields
Project Explorer
Modules
A Complete Modeling InterfaceBuild a CMS simulation from start to finish
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CMS-Flow Key Features __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grid option► Non-uniform Cartesian grid:
Easy to setup► Telescoping (quadtree) grid:
Efficient, flexible
Solver option► Implicit: Tidal flow, long-term
morphology change ~ 10 to 15 min time step
► Explicit: Flooding, breaching, super-critical flow ~ 1 sec time step
Parallel Processing
Non-uniform Cartesian grid
Quadtree grid
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CMS Telescoping (Quad-tree) Grid __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nowcast
and forecast
Wind, waves, tide, and current, Humboldt Bay Entrance, CA
Collaboration with NWS (NOAA)
Telescoping Grid
Total 57 k cells
30 km
26 k
m
Cell size: 12.5 m – 1.6 km
Humboldt Bay, CA
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CMS-Flow: Channel InfillingNon-Equilibrium Sediment Transport
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Galappatti and Vreugdenhil (1985)
Test 010.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.552 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance, m
Dep
th, m
Initial BathyMeasured 15 hrComputed 15 hrMeasured 7.5 hrComputed 7.5 hr
1:10
Current only
Test 020.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.62 4 6 8 10 12
Distance, m
Dep
th, m
Measured 15 hrInitial bathyComputed 15 hrComputed 7.5 hr
Galappatti and Vreugdenhil (1985)
1:7
Current only
0.22
0.27
0.32
0.37
4 6 8 10 12 14Distance, m
Dep
th, m
Initial Bathymetry
Measured, 10 hr
Calculated, 10 hr
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
13 15 17 19 21 23 25Horizontal Distance, m
Wat
er D
epth
, m S
WL
0 hrMeasured, 23 hr 30 minCalculated, 23 hr 30 min1:10
Van Rijn (1985)
Van Rijn and Havinga (1995)
Waves parallel to flow
Waves perpendicular to flow
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Extreme Wetting/Drying __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Remediation, restoration project
1:1500 slope
Circulation dominated by wind
Laquna Madre, TX
Bahia Grande
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Wind Generated Circulation in Bahia Grande, TX __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
30-day simulation
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CMS-Wave Key Features __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Shoaling, refraction, diffraction, reflection
Bottom friction
White capping
Wave breaking (4 options)
Wind generation
Wave-current & wave-wave interactions
Transmission, run-up &overtopping
Infra-gravity wave
Muddy bottom
Non-uniform Cartesian grid with nesting capability
Optional “Fast Mode”
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Wave-Action Balance Diffraction Equation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wave-Action Balance Equation with Diffraction (Mase, 2001)
where is the wave-action spectrumand is the wave directional spectrum.
Note: x is normal to the offshore boundary, y is parallel to the offshore boundary
2 2[( ) ] [( ) ] [ ] 1{( cos ) cos }2 2
gx gy gg y y g yy
in dp nl
c u A c v A c Acc A cc A
x yS S S
/A E
( , )E E
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Wave Diffraction and Reflection ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Animation by SMS
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Wave Run-up __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wave run-up: rush of waves up a slopeor structure
Two-percent run-up, R2 : the vertical up-rush level exceeded by 2-percent of the larger water elevation Ahrens & Titus (1981), Mase & Iwagaki (1984)
~ 400 laboratory experiments
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Goda Wave Transmission Experiments (2000) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
KR
KR
KT
KT cm
8.1
13.5
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
KR
KT
0
0.5
1.0
HI HR HThc
dh
HI
d/h = 0.5
hc/HI
KR
KR
KT
KT cm
8.1
13.5
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
KR
KT
0
0.5
1.0
HI HR HThc
dh
HI
d/h = 0.5
hc/HI
Regular waves
Random waves
Transmission coefficients ktHi = 1
m, Tp = 6 sec (monochromatic wave)h = 10
m, d = 5
m, B = 80
m
hc (m) CMS-Wave EquationsVertical wall
Rubble mound
Vertic al wall
Rubble mound
-2.0 1.02 1.02
-1.5 1.03 1.03
-1.0 0.78 0.78
-0.5 0.63 0.63
0.0 0.46 0.34 0.45 0.33
0.5 0.27 0.18 0.30 0.18
1.0 0.15 0.04 0.15 0.03
1.5 0.10 0.024
2.0 0.07 0.018
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Wave Generation __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rita
Hurricane Rita0400 UTC, 24 September 2005
Matagorda
Bay, TX
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Wave Dissipation over Muddy Coast __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(a)(a)
(b)(b)
Lamb (1932)
24mud turbS v k E
Louisiana Coast
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Nonlinear Wave-Wave Interaction __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Based on Jenkins and Phillips (2001)
5
With NWW
Without NWW
420
5 4exp( 0.74 ) agE
Louisiana Coast
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Infra-gravity Waves __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Incident Wave:2 m, 15 secfrom NE
with infra-gravity wave
without infra-gravity wave
Humboldt BayCA
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Coupling CMS-Flow & CMS-Wave __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Matagorda ShipChannel, TX CMS
DomainCMS-Wave
MorphologicalChange
SouthJettyBreaching
CMS-FlowJetty Breaching Simulation
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Calculated 30-day Morphology Change: Tombolo Development
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CMSSteering Interval= 4 hr
Grain Size= 0.18 mm
Hydro time step= 0.25 sec
Transport andmorphologycalc time step= 9 sec
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Application: Testing of New Orleans Levees with Surge and Waves
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1
2
3
4
5
ERDC/CHL TR-08-10by Hughes (2008)
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Calculated Levee Overtopping Storm Surge =1.3 m, Hs =2.3 m, Tp =14 sec
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Coupled CMS-Flow& CMS-Wave
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ADCIRC & CMS Simulations ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
46029
46211
ADCIRCDomain
Total 400 x 240 cellsCells: 40 m x 30 m to 200 m x 200 m
1 245
73
6
Grays Harbor, WA
46211
CMS Domain
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ADCIRC & CMS Calculated Current Fields 13 October – 12 November 1999
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ADCIRC (Wind, Tides) CMS (Wind, Tides, Waves)
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Flow and Wave Overtopping Rate Calculation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Strait of Juan De Fuca Waverun-upcalculation
191 overtoppingoutput locations
Elwha, WA
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Boundary Condition (30-hr Simulation) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Water Level (30-hr input)
Constant Incident Wave:2.3 m, 16.7 sec, WNW
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Calculated Wave and Water Level @ 30-hr Simulation
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Shoreline
Calc.wavefieldby CMS
CMS-Wave standaloneCalc.waterlevel fieldby CMS
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Calculated Flow Rate (m2/sec) Along 191 Locations
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
W
E
CMS-Wave standalone
W
E
CMS
Calc. wave field
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Hurricane Isabel Simulation 17-21 Sep 2003
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CMS Domain: Lower Chesapeake Bay~ 20 x 24 km
Total Cells: ~ 530,000 (rectilinear grid)
Cell Size: 10 ~ 300 m
Water Surface Elevation Forcing: ADCIRC regional simulation
Wind: PBL Model
Chesapeake Bay
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CMS Simulation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Calculated Water Surface Elevation(Mean Sea Level + 2 m Sea Level Rise):
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CMS Simulation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Calculated Wave Height (2 m Sea Level Rise):
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CMS-PTM ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dredged Material Discharge –
clay particles (Noyo
Bay, CA)
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Summary ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CMS is developed for practical applications to simulate the full coastal processes emphasizing wave-structure-land interactions.
It provides a powerful engineering tool on desk-top computers with both accuracy and run-time efficiency through the use of SMS interface.
CMS-PTM shows path and mobility of sediment particles driven by hydrodynamics flow, waves, and interacted with sediment properties.
Future capabilities include spherical coordinate for flow, full-plane for wave, shoreline change, and a advanced data analysis module.
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CMS Documentation ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
CIRP CMS
CIRP Wiki
http://cirp.usace.army.mil/ http://cirp.usace.army.mil/wiki/
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THANK YOU … ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Questions?
“Sediment Impoundment Basin”on weir jetty, Rudy Inlet, VA
Wave & Tide driven current
Measured
Calculated
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